核空间自适应非局部均值鲁棒分割算法

为改善传统模糊C均值(FCM)算 法对噪声干扰下图像的分割效果,提出了一种基于核空间邻域信息和自适应非局部均值相结 合的图像鲁棒分割算法。首先,利用传统FCM聚类算法进行初始聚类分割,将 所得聚类中心作为改进算法的初始聚类中心; 其次通过自适应非局部均值算法对图像进行平滑处理,避免图像过度分割;然后对引入核空 间邻域信息的目标函数进行最优化求解, 获取聚类中心和隶属度的迭代表达式;最后对像素进行分类时,利用邻域像素隶属度对像素 进行进一步滤波处理。实验结果表明:本文的 改进算法与传统FCM聚类算法、核空间FCM(KFCM)算法、基于邻域信息的FCM(FCM S)算法和基 于邻域信息KFCM(KFCM-S)算法相比,改进算法对强噪声干扰下的图像具有较好 的鲁棒性,并且能够有效分割图像的目标信 息和背景信息。从几种算法进行聚类分割结果所对应的峰值信噪比(PSNR)也可以看出,本文 改进算法的PSNR更高。     

基于空间约束的模糊核聚类红外图像分割

提出了一种基于空间约束的模糊核聚类红外图像分割算法.首先将图像映射到特征空间,在特征空间内进行模糊聚类,针对红外图像中存在的噪声点和野值等干扰问题引入了像素点的八邻域局部空间约束信息,并定义了像素分类可靠性指数修正隶属度函数在整个图像范围内分析像素分类的合理性,其中像素分类可靠性指数包括像素分类灰度可靠性指数和像素分类距离可靠性指数.实验结果表明,这种考虑局部空间约束和整体空间约束的模糊核聚类算法可更有效地对红外图像进行分割.     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的图像边缘检测研究

本文研究了基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)的图像边缘检测技术,利用LS-SVM对图像像素邻域的灰度值进行曲面拟合,通过采用多项式核函数、高斯核函数推导出图像的梯度和零交叉算子,并结合梯度算子和零交叉算子实现了图像边缘定位.通过实验获取了不同核函数的最佳卷积核的大小,同时采用遗传算法对不同核函数的参数进行寻优以获得最佳的边缘检测性能.通过与Canny方法的实验比较,验证了本文提出的边缘检测方法是有效的.     

结合高斯回归模型和隐马尔可夫随机场的模糊聚类图像分割

为了克服经典模糊聚类图像分割算法对图像噪声的敏感性,该文提出结合高斯回归模型(GRM)和隐马尔科夫随机场(HMRF)的模糊聚类图像分割算法。该算法用信息熵正则化模糊C均值(FCM)的目标函数,再用KL(Kullback-Leibler)信息加以改进,并将HMRF和GRM模型应用到该目标函数中,其中HMRF模型通过先验概率建立标号场邻域关系,而GRM模型则在中心像素标号与其邻域像素标号一致的基础上建立特征场邻域关系。利用提出的算法和其它经典算法分别对模拟图像、真实SAR图像以及纹理图像进行了分割实验,并对分割结果进行精度评价。实验结果表明,该文提出的算法具有更高的分割精度。     

抑制式非局部空间直觉模糊C-均值图像分割算法

针对传统的模糊C-均值(FCM)算法没有考虑图像像素的空间邻域信息,对噪声敏感,算法收敛较慢等问题,该文提出一种抑制式非局部空间直觉模糊C-均值图像分割算法。首先,通过计算像素的非局部空间信息提高抗噪能力,克服传统的FCM算法只考虑图像单个像素的灰度特征信息的缺陷,提高分割精度。其次,根据直觉模糊集理论,通过“投票模型”自适应生成犹豫度作为抑制因子修正隶属度,提高算法的运行效率。实验结果表明,该算法对噪声鲁棒性较强并且有较好的分割性能。     

基于超像素与图卷积神经网络的白细胞分割

白细胞分割是医学图像处理领域的一项富有挑战性的任务,针对目前白细胞分割存在的准确度不高、粘连情况不易分割等问题,将图像的分割转化为区域节点的分类问题,提出基于图卷积神经网络的白细胞分割算法.首先将训练图像经超像素分割得到若干超像素区域,把每个超像素区域作为图的一个节点,并充分利用超像素区域的彩色特征以及空间邻域关系构造稀疏加权图来训练图卷积网络,然后利用训练好的网络对测试图像进行白细胞核、质、背景的三域一次性分类.实验数据表明,本文算法对不同类白细胞均具有较好的分割效果.     

快速空间邻域信息的中智模糊聚类分割算法

为了克服传统的模糊C-均值聚类算法抗噪性能差的局限性,在中智模糊聚类基础上提出了一种新的基于邻域信息的中智模糊聚类图像分割算法.将中智集合引入模糊C-均值聚类算法,转化为一个优化问题.通过建立局部邻域信息约束的函数考虑像素之间的相互联系进行图像分割.通过对灰度图像添加不同的加性和乘性噪声进行分割测试,其测试结果表明,该算法得到的图像分割结果更稳定、边界更平滑且具有较强的噪声抑制能力.     

一种基于逐点阈值分割的图像边缘检测方法

提出一种对图像中每个点逐一取阈值进行分类的一种新的阈值分割算法.该算法利用图像中像素邻域的灰度值均值统计信息作为该点阈值设置的标准,并引入该点邻域内像素灰度值方差作为附加判断条件,使提取出来的日标点是图像的边缘点.事实上该阈值分割算法起到了边缘提取的效果.实验证明,本文算法起到了良好的边缘检测效果,并且验证了本算法对于以邻域统计信息作为阈值估计标准的合理性.     

基于向量机的红外小目标检测技术研究

针对红外序列图像中弱小目标检测问题,提出了用最小二乘向量机对原始红外图像中每一像素的局部区域作灰度曲面最佳拟合,在拟合曲面上进行灰度极大值像素点位置估计,实现目标的粗定位。真正的目标取决于中心点的灰度是否高于其邻域的平均灰度。并以径向基核函数为例推导出了极值点估计所需的二阶方向导数算子。对模拟和实际图像进行了小目标检测的实验验证。结果表明,基于支持向量机的小目标检测算法具有较强的适应性。     

鲁棒总变分核空间模糊聚类分割算法研究

针对现有的总变分模糊聚类分割算法在强噪声干扰图像分割中难以获得准确有效分割结果的不足,提出了鲁棒总变分核空间模糊聚类分割算法。该算法首先在鲁棒模糊聚类分割算法的目标函数中引入了总广义变分(TGV)正则化,消除图像中不需要的噪声和伪影;其次引入局部空间信息、局部灰度信息以及非均匀隶属函数从而构造一个新的模糊局部信息因子,在保证噪声抑制的同时保留图像中更多细节信息;最后将改进的聚类算法推广至核空间,使原空间线性不可分的像素样本点变成线性可分或近似线性可分,从而更好地给每个像素分配更高的隶属度。实验结果表明,与现有的总变分模糊聚类分割算法相比,建议算法在强高斯噪声干扰情况下的分割精度提高了14.7%,对强高斯噪声有较好的鲁棒性以及分割性能。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

中国建立EB级存储实验室,致力云计算应用(英文)

正With the support of 863 programs,Sugon Information Industry Co.,Ltd.,set up a dawning EB-class storage laboratory to address massive data storage requirements and largescale cloud computing demonstration applications.The Dawning EB-class cloud storage system adopts advanced fault-tolerant architecture,efficient data fault-tolerant algorithms with user authentication and data encryption policies to deal with the"lost""wrong"and"stolen"problems of data for ensuring the reliability and safety of the EB-class storage system in the public network application environments.The Dawning EB-class Storage Laboratory taking advan-