不同电解质对LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/AC超级电容器性能的影响

在以LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2为正极,活性炭(AC)为负极的混合型锂离子超级电容器体系中,研究以LiBF4和Et4NBF4的不同配比混合为溶质的乙腈(Acetonitrile,AN)电解液对超级电容器性能的影响。结果表明,随着电解液中Et4NBF4与LiBF4的比值的增大,LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/AC体系超级电容器的线性放电区间逐渐变窄,循环性能逐渐变差。其中采用1 mol/L的LiBF4/AN为电解液的超级电容器的综合性能较好,其线性放电区间为0~2.7 V,倍率性能也较好,最大比功率达到23 600 W/kg,经3 000次循环后容量保持率为93.2%。     

掺杂活性炭的制备和电容性储能应用研究进展

杂原子(N、O、S和P等)掺杂能够显著提高活性炭在电容性储能器件中的电极性能,本文对掺杂活性炭的制备方法、理化特性和电容器电极应用(超级电容器和锂离子电容器)进行了系统介绍。根据掺杂元素引入次序的不同,掺杂活性炭的制备方法可分为先活化后掺杂处理和先掺杂后碳化活化两类。掺杂官能团可以引入赝电容、提高碳材料电导率、改善与电解液的浸润性,因而显著提高超级电容器的比容量和倍率性能。掺杂活性炭的低成本批量制备技术和掺杂官能团对有机电解液稳定性的影响等方面的研究是今后亟待开展的工作。     

添加Li+的硫酸铵电解液超级电容器的研究

在电解液(NH4)2SO4中加入Li 添加剂,用以提高二氧化锰/活性炭混合超级电容器以及活性炭电容器的容量.测试结果表明,当在2 mol/L 的(NH4)2SO4溶液中添加0.37 mol/L的Li2CO3时,比容量提高幅度最大.添加剂在混合超级电容器中起的作用比在单纯活性炭超级电容器中大.对于混合超级电容器,加入Li 添加剂后比容量提高了77 %,且2 000次循环后比容量为30 F/g,仅衰减了2.9 %.     

添加Li+的硫酸铵电解液超级电容器的研究

在电解液(NH4)2SO4中加入Li+添加剂,用以提高二氧化锰/活性炭混合超级电容器以及活性炭电容器的容量.测试结果表明,当在2 mol/L 的(NH4)2SO4溶液中添加0.37 mol/L的Li2CO3时,比容量提高幅度最大.添加剂在混合超级电容器中起的作用比在单纯活性炭超级电容器中大.对于混合超级电容器,加入Li+添加剂后比容量提高了77 %,且2 000次循环后比容量为30 F/g,仅衰减了2.9 %.     

大容量锂离子电容器走向实用

<正>锂离子电容器在设计上采用了双电层电容器的原理,同时又在负极添加了锂离子,从而提高了电容器的能量密度。日本旭化成电子公司和FDK公司都曾研制过在电解液中采用锂氧化物的电容器,但都没有实现     

电化学电容器最新研究进展 I.双电层电容器

主要依据最近5年来的相关文献,综述了双电层电容器的最新研究进展。介绍了碳材料、电解液、表面改性、沉积金属氧化物和嵌入导电聚合物对碳电极电化学电容器的影响。新材料的开发和利用极大地提高了双电层电容器的性能,降低了原料成本,同时也拓宽了人们的研究范围。     

LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/AC混合超级电容器正负极容量配比研究

采用1 mol/L的LiBF4/AN(CH3CN)为电解液,对LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/AC体系混合超级电容器进行了电化学性能对比研究.通过优化正负极的容量配比,分别评价了对应的超级电容器的充放电性能、倍率性能和循环寿命.结果表明,在正负极容量配比为4:1时,该体系超级电容器的比能量为11 Wh/kg、比...     

电工所在高性能石墨烯基超级电容器研究中取得进展

正超级电容器作为新型储能器件,具有功率密度高、充电时间短、使用寿命长等优点,但其能量密度一直受限于电极材料的性能。中科院电工研究所马衍伟课题组通过金属镁热还原二氧化碳气体,成功制备出富含孔道结构的石墨烯电极材料。基于此石墨烯研制的超级电容器,在水系和有机电解液中表现出优异的功率特性和循环寿命,在功率密     

超级电容器研究进展

随着人们对于储能要求的不断提高,超级电容器以其功率密度大、循环寿命长等优点引起人们的广泛关注,并且在近些年得到了飞速发展,它填补了传统静电容器(高功率密度、低能量密度)和化学电池(高能量密度、低功率密度)的空白。本文依据近年来超级电容器领域所发表的文献,从超级电容器基本原理入手,对包括电极材料、电解液、隔膜以及集流体在内的各个组成部分的研究现状进行了综述,讨论了对称型超级电容器、非对称型超级电容器、全固态超级电容器及柔性透明超级电容器等特殊结构超级电容器的研究成果,并作出简要展望。     

碳纳米管超级电容器-锂离子电池复合电源在GSM移动通讯中的应用

通过催化裂解法制备碳纳米管材料,以泡沫镍作为集流体制备成电极并采用LiClO4／PC为有机电解液组装成60F超级电容器,其内阻为35mΩ,具有0．8Wh／kg的比能量以及0．75kW／kg的峰值功率密度,且在较大电流放电时,仍然保持良好的容量特性。因而适合作为电子设备中的大电流放电电源。本文详细探讨了超级电容器对锂离子电池GSM脉冲放电性能的改善以及复合电源系统在移动通讯领域的应用前景。     

A Review of Emerging Dual-Ion Batteries: Fundamentals and Recent Advances

Dual-ion batteries (DIBs), based on the working mechanism involving the storage of cations and anions separately in the anode and cathode during the charging/discharging process, are of great interest beyond lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in high-efficiency energy storage due to the merits of high working voltage, material availability, as well as low cost and excellent safety. Despite the progress achieved, the practical applications of DIBs are still hindered by negative issues, such as limited capacity and cyclic stability, which triggers the development of suitable electrode materials with highly reversible capacities, and corresponding electrolytes with high oxidative stability as well as sufficient reaction kinetics of active ions. Herein, in this article, a systematic and comprehensive review of fundamentals and recent advances in current DIBs with subcategories of cathode materials, anode materials, and electrolytes are presented. In particular, their energy storage mechanisms, as well as their respective features, are dissected. Furthermore, some strategies and perspectives are proposed for facilitating the further development of DIBs in the future.     

Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Networks for High Energy Density Supercapacitors Derived from Polyaniline Coated Bacterial Cellulose

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is used as both template and precursor for the synthesis of nitrogen‐doped carbon networks through the carbonization of polyaniline (PANI) coated BC. The as‐obtained carbon networks can act not only as support for obtaining high capacitance electrode materials such as activated carbon (AC) and carbon/MnO₂ hybrid material, but also as conductive networks to integrate active electrode materials. As a result, the as‐assembled AC//carbon‐MnO₂ asymmetric supercapacitor exhibits a considerably high energy density of 63 Wh kg^?1 in 1.0 m Na₂SO₄ aqueous solution, higher than most reported AC//MnO₂ asymmetric supercapacitors. More importantly, this asymmetric supercapacitor also exhibits an excellent cycling performance with 92% specific capacitance retention after 5000 cycles. Those results offer a low‐cost, eco‐friendly design of electrode materials for high‐performance supercapacitors.     

Interlayer Chemistry of Layered Electrode Materials in Energy Storage Devices

With the constant focus on energy storage devices, layered materials are ideal electrodes for the new generation of highly efficient secondary ion batteries and supercapacitors due to their flexible 2D structures and high theoretical capacities. However, the small interlayer distances in layered electrode materials and the strong Columbic interactions between the working ions and host lattice anions cause slow ion diffusion. In addition, structural collapse during repeated ion insertion and extraction reduces the cycling lifetime. As such, interlayer engineering strategies are effective approaches to optimize ion transmission kinetics and structural integrity. In view of the latest research on the interlayer engineering of layered materials, this review will discuss useful strategies to improve electrode performance. The synthetic strategies, characterization techniques, and effects of interlayer-engineered layered materials, including metal oxides, metal sulfides, carbonous materials, and MXenes, are discussed in detail. The future outlook and challenges for interlayer engineering are also presented, which may pave the way for the development of new layered materials.     

Flexible Transparent Supercapacitors: Materials and Devices

The progressive development of flexible transparent portable electronic devices is in urgent need of matching power sources. Flexible transparent supercapacitors (FTSCs) are the core resources due to their high optical transmittance, endurable mechanical flexibility, excellent electrochemical performance, and facilely accessible device configuration. This review organizes the rational design of nanostructured electrode materials toward FTSCs. First, the structure, mechanism, and property of FTSCs are introduced. Then, the design principles of diverse electrode materials are discussed to achieve flexible transparent conductive electrodes (FTCEs) with different figure of merits (both electrical FoMe and capacitive FoMc), mechanical strength, and environmental stability. Following the achievements in multifunctional FTSCs focusing on film-supercapacitors, micro-supercapacitors, electrochromic supercapacitors, photo-supercapacitors, and battery-like supercapacitors are also highlighted. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives on viable materials in the construction of FTSCs to power portable electronics are outlined.     

Application of 2D MXene in Organic Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Organic electrode materials (OEMs) are emerging green power because of the promising advantages such as environmental friendliness, abundant sources, easy recycling, and structural diversity. However, several inherent issues, including low electronic conductivity, dissolution of active materials, and particle pulverization restrict their practical application. MXene, as a novel 2D material has exhibited enormous potential to solve the issues of OEMs due to its high conductivity, unique structure, exceptional mechanical property, and abundant surface groups. Up to now, various effective strategies have been presented and achieved positive effects, such as constructing heterojunction structures, in situ assembly, dip-coating, preparing free-standing MXene paper, etc. Nonetheless, comprehensive review of the progress and status is rare. Herein, an overview of the application of MXene in organic electrode materials for rechargeable batteries is systematically put forward. Meanwhile, recent progress and future development directions are presented. This review can serve as a guide for future research.     

高磁导率800材料的研究

高磁导率800铁氧体是制作高感量叠层片式电感器的关键材料,以NiCuZn体系为基础,通过选取缺铁量配方,调节n(Ni)∶n(Zn)及添加适量CuO、Bi203等方法,研制出了结构致密、晶粒大小在1~3μm,烧结温区宽(865~895℃),起始磁导率μi达到800±10%,能与Ag内电极匹配共烧的高磁导率铁氧体材料。     

多层片式ZnO压敏电阻器的现状与发展方向

基于国内外多层片式ZnO压敏电阻器的研究及应用,介绍了多层片式ZnO压敏电阻器的结构(阵列及模块)、材料组成(ZnO-Bi2O3系、ZnO-玻璃系、ZnO-V2O5系及ZnO-Pr6O11系等)、电极材料、生产工艺(流延和电镀)等现状,并就多层片式ZnO压敏电阻器的工艺和技术发展趋势提出了见解。     

BST材料在DRAM电容中的应用研究

钛酸锶钡(BST)高介电常数材料被普遍认为是最有前途的DRAM电容介质材料。BST作为DRAM电容介质材料的研究已有多年，到目前为止取得了不少突破性的进展。介绍了BST的材料特性和堆积型电容结构电极、埋层材料的设计考虑，探讨了BST膜的制备、掺杂及刻蚀工艺技术。     

混合电导陶瓷材料研究进展

一些氧化物具有良好的离子导电性能和电子导电性能，这种物质被称为混合离子一电子导体，即混合电导材料。此类材料可以是单相材料，也可以是复相材料。通常制成薄膜状或管状，用于固体氧化物燃料电池和氧传感器的电极材料，也可以作为透氧膜材料。文中介绍了混合电导材料的结构、粉料及坯体的制备方法及应用，展望了今后的发展方向。     

All‐Carbon‐Electrode‐Based Endurable Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

Endured, low‐cost, and high‐performance flexible perovskite solar cells (PSCs) featuring lightweight and mechanical flexibility have attracted tremendous attention for portable power source applications. However, flexible PSCs typically use expensive and fragile indium–tin oxide as transparent anode and high‐vacuum processed noble metal as cathode, resulting in dramatic performance degradation after continuous bending or thermal stress. Here, all‐carbon‐electrode‐based flexible PSCs are fabricated employing graphene as transparent anode and carbon nanotubes as cathode. All‐carbon‐electrode‐based flexible devices with and without spiro‐OMeTAD (2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis‐(N,N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamine)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene) hole conductor achieve power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 11.9% and 8.4%, respectively. The flexible carbon‐electrode‐based solar cells demonstrate superior robustness against mechanical deformation in comparison with their counterparts fabricated on flexible indium–tin oxide substrates. Moreover, all carbon‐electrode‐based flexible PSCs also show significantly enhanced stability compared to the flexible devices with gold and silver cathodes under continuous light soaking or 60 °C thermal stress in air, retaining over 90% of their original PCEs after 1000 h. The promising durability and stability highlight that flexible PSCs are fully compatible with carbon materials and pave the way toward the realization of rollable and low‐cost flexible perovskite photovoltaic devices.