掺杂聚合物蓝绿发光二极管

本文报道了用有机染料８－羟基喹啉铝（Ａｌｑ３分散到聚乙烯基咔唑（ＰＶＫ）中的掺杂聚合物作为有源层制作的蓝绿发光二极管（ＬＥＤ），聚合物发光层用旋转涂敷的方法制备．ＩＴＯ／Ａｌｑ３：ＰＶＫ／Ａｌ器件在正向偏压为６Ｖ时可以看到蓝绿发光，峰值波长为５１０ｎｍ，最大亮度为１６８ｃｄ／ｍ２．     

影响有机及聚合物发光二极管性能的主要因素

分析了影响有机发光二级管性能的主要因素,并对提高电致发光效率、延长器件工作寿命和发光颜色转变的方法作了评述。     

有机／聚合物双异质结发光二极管

报道了用有机／聚合物薄膜材料制备的双异质结发光二极管。器件结构为：玻璃衬底／ＩＴＯ／ＰＶＫ／ＡｌｑＰＢＤ／Ａｌｑ３／Ａｌ电极。在这种结构器件中，电子和空穴分别从Ａｌ负电极和ＩＴＯ正电极中注入，产在ＰＢＤ及ＰＶＫ中传输注入到Ａｌｑ３发光层中。器件在正向偏压为４Ｖ时有绿色光输出；在正向偏压为１０Ｖ，最大亮度可达３０００ｃｄ／ｍ＾２以上。经光谱测试，电致发光峰值波长为５２３ｎｍ。     

掺杂聚合物薄膜黄绿发光二极管

在具有电致发光的有机聚合物薄膜ｐｏｌｙ(２－ｍｅｔｈｙｏｘｙ－５－ｅｔｈｙｌｏｘｙ)－４－ｄｉ－(２－ｍｅｔｈｙｏｘｙ－５－ｏｃｔａｏｘｙ)－ｐｈｅｎｙｌｏｎｅ－ｖｉｎｙｌｅｎｅ(简称 ＭＥＭＯ－ＰＰＶ)中掺入一种高荧光量子效率的染料罗丹明６Ｇ(Ｒ６Ｇ),用旋转涂敷的方法获得了发光层,同时将其作为空穴传输层,以８－羟基＠$铝(８－Ａｌｑ３)作为电子传输层,得到了多层有机发光二极管ＩＴＯ/ＰＰＶ:Ｒ６Ｇ/Ａｌｑ３/Ａｌ．该器件峰值波长为５５０ｎｍ,发黄绿光．研究结果表明:不同掺杂浓度对器件发光光谱产生较大影响;通过掺杂,可显著提高器件的稳定性．在１８Ｖ下,器件的亮度达到３６００ｃｄ/ｍ２,外量子效率达３．２%．     

微腔有机发光二极管

设计了由分布布拉格反射镜（ＤＢＲ）和金属反射镜面形成的微腔结构。利用８－羟基喹啉铝（Ａ１ｑ３）作为电子传输层兼作发光层,ＴＰＤ作为空穴传导层,了有机发光二极管（ＯＬＥＤ）和微腔有机发光二极管（ＭＯＬＥＤ）。发现ＭＯＬＥＤ的光谱工比ＯＬＥＤ的窄得多,而光密度则得到了增强,对腔长进行调节,ＭＯＬＥＤ光谱峰出现移动。实验结果与理论计算基本符合。     

聚合物电致发光器件的研究

制备了以聚为发光层物质的电致发光器件，研究了器件的发光性能，并对器件的电流－电压、高度－电压特性进行了研究。器件发光密度受偏置电压的影响。起亮电压为１２Ｖ，器件寿命达５ｈ。     

聚合物电致发光器件的研究进展

聚合物电致发光器件（ＥＬＤ）因其具有许多无机及有机小分子ＥＬＤ所不具备的优点，成为电致发光领域研究的热点。通过掺杂或适当的分子设计可以调谐发光颜色。介绍和评述了聚合物电致发光原理、电致发光器件、电致发光材料的开发及应用前景。     

两种不同结构及掺杂的白色有机发光二极管

白色有机发光器件由于在其上加彩色滤光片可容易地达到全彩效果而备受关注,本文通过两种不同结构及掺杂的器件,实现了白色有机电致发光,一种为具有空穴锁定层并在其中掺杂的器件;另一种为蓝色染料和红色染料分别加在发光层与电子传输层中的普通3层结构器件。结构分别为ITO／NPB／TPBi;Rubrene/Alq/Mg;Ag和ITO/NPB/DPVBi;Perylene/Alq :DC JTB/Mg:Ag。具有空穴锁定层的器件和普通型器件的最大亮度、最大流明效率、色度分别为8635cd/m^2、0.851m/W、（x=0.31,y=0.32)10倍,空穴锁定层的器件寿命远小于普通型的。此文对此差异进行了分析。     

发射偏振光的聚合物发光二极管

发射偏振光的聚合物发光二极管最近用聚合物基器件已首次从发光二极管获得偏振光。这种发光二极管由夹在玻璃衬底两薄膜电极之间的拉伸取代聚噻吩薄膜构成（见下图）。当电流通过聚合物薄膜时，聚合物材料便发光，产生偏振光输出。本研究在Ｏ，Ｉｎ－ｇａｎａｓ指导下由瑞...     

聚合物发光二极管和激光器的新进展

本文综述了最近几年国内外聚合物发光二极管和激光器的研究进展状况和前景。对几种典型结构发光二极管和激光器做了简要介绍。并指出，这个领域虽然取得了很大成功，但仍有一些棘手的问题急待解决。     

GaN基发光二极管外量子效率研究进展

近年来,GaN基发光二极管发展迅猛,但其发光效率一直是制约LED在照明领域广泛应用的主要瓶颈。本文简要介绍了提高发光二极管外量子效率的几种途径：生长分布布喇格反射层（DBR）结构,表面粗化技术,异性芯片技术,采用光子晶体结构,倒装芯片技术,激光剥离技术,透明衬底技术等。     

Surface‐Directed Phase Separation of Conjugated Polymer Blends for Efficient Light‐Emitting Diodes

The ability to control organic‐organic interfaces in conjugated polymer blends is critical for further device improvement. Here, we control the phase separation in blends of poly(9,9‐di‐n‐octylfluorene‐alt‐benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) and poly(9,9‐di‐n‐octylfluorene‐alt‐(1,4‐phenylene‐((4‐sec‐butylphenyl)imino)‐1,4‐phenylene) (TFB) via chemical modification of the substrate by microcontact printing of octenyltrichlorosilane molecules. The lateral phase‐separated structures in the blend film closely replicate the underlying micrometer‐scale chemical pattern. We found nanometer‐scale vertical segregation of the polymers within both lateral domains, with regions closer to the substrate being substantially pure phases of either polymer. Such phase separation has important implications for the performance of light‐emitting diodes fabricated using these patterned blend films. In the absence of a continuous TFB wetting layer at the substrate interface, as typically formed in spin‐coated blend films, charge carrier injection is confined in the well‐defined TFB‐rich domains. This confinement leads to high electroluminescence efficiency, whereas the overall reduction in the roughness of the patterned blend film results in slower decay of device efficiency at high voltages. In addition, the amount of surface out‐coupling of light in the forward direction observed in these blend devices is found to be strongly correlated to the distribution of periodicity of the phase‐separated structures in the active layer.     

Alternating‐Current MXene Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes

MXenes (Ti₃C₂) are 2D transition‐metal carbides and carbonitrides with high conductivity and optical transparency. However, transparent MXene electrodes suitable for polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLEDs) have rarely been demonstrated. With the discovery of the excellent electrical stability of MXene under an alternating current (AC), herein, PLEDs that employ MXene electrodes and exhibit high performance under AC operation (AC MXene PLEDs) are presented. The PLED exhibits a turn‐on voltage, current efficiency, and brightness of 2.1 V, 7 cd A^?1, and 12 547 cd m^?2, respectively, when operated under AC with a frequency of 1 kHz. The results indicate that the undesirable electric breakdown associated with heat arising from the poor interface of the MXene with a hole transport layer in the direct‐current mode is efficiently suppressed by the transient injection of carriers accompanied by the alternating change of the electric polarity under the AC, giving rise to reliable light emission with a high efficiency. The solution‐processable MXene electrode can be readily fabricated on a flexible polymer substrate, allowing for the development of a mechanically flexible AC MXene PLED with a higher performance than flexible PLEDs employing solution‐processed nanomaterial‐based electrodes such as carbon nanotubes, reduced graphene oxide, and Ag nanowires.     

有机电致发光显示技术的发展与展望

有机电致发光显示技术是近年内出现的新型显示技术,本文在对有机发光显示发展的历史、工作机理、结构类型简要介绍的基础上,着重论述它的材料与结构方面的发展及现状,并展望其器件的发展方向及市场占有.     

Optimization of Orange‐Emitting Electrophosphorescent Copolymers for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

Orange‐emitting phosphorescent copolymers containing iridium complexes and bis(carbazolyl)fluorene groups in their side chains are employed as the emissive layer in multilayer organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). The efficiency of the OLED devices is optimized by varying characteristics of the copolymers: the molecular weight, the iridium loading level, and the nature and length of the linker between the side chains and the polymer backbone. A maximum efficiency of 4.9 ± 0.4%, 8.8 ± 0.7 cd A⁻¹ at 100 cd m⁻² is achieved with an optimized copolymer.     

Candle Light‐Style Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

In response to the call for a physiologically‐friendly light at night that shows low color temperature, a candle light‐style organic light emitting diode (OLED) is developed with a color temperature as low as 1900 K, a color rendering index (CRI) as high as 93, and an efficacy at least two times that of incandescent bulbs. In addition, the device has a 80% resemblance in luminance spectrum to that of a candle. Most importantly, the sensationally warm candle light‐style emission is driven by electricity in lieu of the energy‐wasting and greenhouse gas emitting hydrocarbon‐burning candles invented 5000 years ago. This candle light‐style OLED may serve as a safe measure for illumination at night. Moreover, it has a high color rendering index with a decent efficiency.     

一种计算有机发光二极管体电势的方法

建立了计算有机发光二极管（OLED）体电势的理论模型,把在光照下所产生电流与暗电流相等时所加的电压称为补偿电压,得出了补偿电压与体电势函数关系式,该函数只与材料参数及温度有关,在温度较低时,补偿电压即为体电势,在室温情况下,因受扩散运动影响,体电势低于补偿电压,该理论模型计算得出结果与实验结果符合得很好。     

Triplet Harvesting in Hybrid White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

White organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are highly efficient large‐area light sources that may play an important role in solving the global energy crisis, while also opening novel design possibilities in general lighting applications. Usually, highly efficient white OLEDs are designed by combining three phosphorescent emitters for the colors blue, green, and red. However, this procedure is not ideal as it is difficult to find sufficiently stable blue phosphorescent emitters. Here, a novel approach to meet the demanding power efficiency and device stability requirements is discussed: a triplet harvesting concept for hybrid white OLED, which combines a blue fluorophor with red and green phosphors and is capable of reaching an internal quantum efficiency of 100% if a suitable blue emitter with high‐lying triplet transition is used is introduced. Additionally, this concept paves the way towards an extremely simple white OLED design, using only a single emitter layer.     

Extracting Light from Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Stamped Bragg Gratings

In this paper, we describe a method for increasing the external efficiency of polymer light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) by coupling out waveguided light with Bragg gratings. We numerically model the waveguide modes in a typical LED structure and demonstrate how optimizing layer thicknesses and reducing waveguide absorption can enhance the grating outcoupling. The gratings were created by a soft‐lithography technique that minimizes changes to the conventional LED structure. Using one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional gratings, we were able to increase the forward‐directed emission by 47 % and 70 %, respectively, and the external quantum efficiency by 15 % and 25 %.