弱P型碲镉汞材料和陷阱模式光导探测器

窄禁带碲镉汞(HgCdTe)为电子和空穴混合导电的多载流子体系材料,特别是对于弱p型材料,由于电子和空穴的迁移率相差大约两个数量级,更容易受到少数载流子电子的干扰,因此单一磁场的霍尔测试无法区分迁移率较低性能较差的n型材料和p型材料.通过变温变磁场的霍尔测试对两种碲镉汞材料的磁输运特性进行了测试区分.另外对由弱p型材料...     

"弱P型"和低迁移率n型碲镉汞体材料的迁移率谱研究

详细分析了两类碲镉汞(HgCdTe)材料的磁输运特性,并以此寻找两类材料的有效筛选方法.窄禁带HgCdTe是一种电子和空穴混合导电的多载流子体系材料.特别是"弱p型"材料,由于电子的迁移率比空穴的大两个数量级(b=μ/hμ≈102),更容易受到少数载流子(电子)的干扰,因此通过单一磁场的霍尔测试无法区分性能很差的低迁移...     

液相外延碲镉汞中砷离子注入与激活表征研究

As在HgCdTe材料中具有较小的扩散系数,可以形成较为稳定的结构,广泛应用于HgCdTe的p型掺杂。在p-on-n型碲镉汞红外探测器的制备中As掺杂是重要的制备方法。针对在制备过程中存在无法精确测量As激活率的问题,提出采用低温弱p型退火辅助差分霍尔测试的方法,获得了载流子浓度分布,从而通过与SIMS测试结果对比得到长、中波液相外延HgCdTe样品中As的激活率,并分析了退火等工艺对As掺杂后激活率的影响。     

基于二种载流子体系的HgCdTe材料的霍尔电压与载流子浓度关系

利用二种载流子体系的霍尔系数公式导出该体系下霍尔电压与二种载流子浓度p/n之间的公式及曲线。分析了不同p/n值时霍尔电压值与材料导电类型的关系,确定了适合采用一种载流子体系材料及二种载流子体系材料霍尔系数公式的空穴浓度范围。     

基于二种载流子体系的HgCdTe材料的霍尔电压与载流子浓度关系

利用二种载流子体系的霍尔系数公式导出该体系下霍尔电压与二种载流子浓度 p/n 之间的公式及曲线。分析了不同 p/n 值时霍尔电压值与材料导电类型的关系,确定了适合采用一种载流子体系材料及二种载流子体系材料霍尔系数公式的空穴浓度范围。     

Au掺杂碲镉汞气相外延生长及电学性能

采用气相外延技术生长Au掺杂的Hg_(1-x)Cd_xTe薄膜材料,利用范德堡法对薄膜材料进行电学性能表征.通过变温霍尔测量,分析了常规Au掺杂p型薄膜的霍尔系数和霍尔迁移率随温度的变化,利用二次离子质谱(SIMS)分析薄膜中Au的纵向分布趋势.讨论了三种反常p型薄膜的霍尔系数和霍尔迁移率随温度的变化.通过变磁场霍尔测量,分析了具有反型层Hg_(1-x)Cd_xTe薄膜的迁移率谱,证实了由于表面电子、体电子以及体空穴混合导电造成的反常霍尔性能.     

富汞热处理对碲镉汞电学性能的影响

对用液相外延(Liquid Phase Epitaxy,LPE)方法生长的碲镉汞(HgCdTe)材料进行了闭管富汞热处理,并研究了不同的热处理时间和热处理温度对其电学性能的影响。通过对HgCdTe材料进行富汞热处理可以有效降低材料内的缺陷尺寸、密度以及位错密度,并可完成材料由p型到n型的转变。工艺中,低温热处理对HgCdTe材料的电学性能有较大影响。研究发现,随着低温热处理时间的持续增加,HgCdTe材料的载流子浓度会明显增加。而当低温热处理温度在210℃~250℃范围内变化时,保持低温热处理时间不变,热处理后HgCdTe材料的载流子浓度会在一定范围内波动(无明显变化)。通过对HgCdTe器件进行I--V曲线测试以及最终的组件测试发现,热处理后载流子浓度在1×1013~1×1014 cm-3范围内的HgCdTe芯片具有很好的测试结果。     

1.3μm的n型和P型InGaAsP材料的少数载流子寿命的测量

少数载流子寿命τ是一项重要的材料参数,有利于鉴别电子—空穴复合性质。本文报导1.3μm波长的四元有源层τ的测量。该层是由液相外延生长的,其n型和P型的掺杂浓度均在10~(17)～10~(19)cm~(-3)范围。所有测量是在无p-n结的双异质结内进行。采用氩离子倾腔和锁模激光器在低激励的条件下测量衰减时间。对半绝缘Fe掺杂的衬底上单独外延生长的样品,测最它的霍尔系数来确定载流子浓度。在300K时,寿命与载流子密度的依赖关系是τ≈26(10_(18)/p)~(1.2)ns和τ≈     

光通信基础知识(六)

异质结发光器件前面我们介绍了半导体发光器件的发光原理:在半导体p-n结附近的p型区一侧,由于正向偏置注入大量的电子,在p型区它们是少数载流子,很容易和该区的多数载流子空穴产生复合,以光的形式辐射出多余的能量,其结果,一对电子空穴消失了,一个新的光子产生了。也就是说,导带中的电子“掉进”价带的空穴中,电子和空穴“复合”     

富汞热处理对碲镉汞电学性能的影响

对液相外延方法(LPE)生长的碲镉汞(HgCdTe)材料进行了闭管富汞热处理,并研究了不同的热处理时间和热处理温度对碲镉汞材料电学性能的影响。HgCdTe材料经过富汞热处理后可以有效降低材料内的缺陷尺寸和密度。该方法不仅可以降低材料内的位错密度,而且还可以完成材料P型到N型的转变。工艺中的低温热处理对HgCdTe材料的电学性能有较大影响。研究发现,随着低温热处理时间的持续增加,HgCdTe材料的载流子浓度会明显增加。而当低温热处理温度在210℃~250℃范围内变化时,若保持低温热处理时间不变,则热处理后HgCdTe材料的载流子浓度在一定范围内波动,且无明显变化。通过对HgCdTe器件进行I-V曲线测试以及最终的组件测试,发现热处理后载流子浓度在1E13~1E14cm^-3范围内的HgCdTe芯片就可以得到很好的测试结果。     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

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