基于级联调制器和四波混频效应的24倍频微波信号的光学生成

提出了一种基于级联马赫-曾德尔调制器 (MZM)和半导体光放大器(SOA)的24倍频微波信号 光学生成方案,具有覆盖频段高、杂波抑制效果好等优点。在本方案中,低频微波信号分别 通过两个级联 MZM对连续光源进行调制,调节直流偏置使两个MZM均工作在最大偏置点,以抑制奇数阶光分 量;进一 步调节两个MZM的调制深度,并结合可调谐电相移器(TEPS)和可调谐光相移器(TOPS)引入相 移,完全抑 制第2个MZM输出的±2阶光分量和光载波,得到±4阶光分量;再经过SOA发生四波混频(FWM )效应,形成±12 阶光分量;滤波后拍频可以获得24倍频微波信号。最后,搭建了实验和仿真系统,分别以11．0GHz,11.5GHz和12.0GHz的微波信号为驱动,得到间隔为264、276GH z和288GHz的±12阶光边带,有效验证了方案的可行性。     

一种新的微波/毫米波产生方法

提出一种新的微波/毫米波光产生方法,将激光脉冲入射到单模光纤FP腔中,激发腔中的两个本征模,利用两本征模相位失谐与光外差方法得到微波/毫米波信号,得出单模光纤FP腔结构参数与微波/毫米波信号频率间的关系表达式。数值计算表明：调制频率为25 MHz的脉冲激光入射到单模光纤FP腔时,可得到频率为2.083 GHz的微波信号。通过调节FP腔内的双折射强度,可得到从微波到毫米波的信号。该方案只需一个激光光源,成本低、可靠性高、稳定性好。     

基于分布反馈注入锁定的连续可调光子微波倍频实验研究

提出了一种基于注入锁定分布反馈式(DFB)激光器的双波长差频微波/毫米波信号产生方案。方案利用正弦波光信号通过半导体光放大器(SOA)进行非线性展宽,产生高阶分量,然后注入到两个DFB激光器后进行锁定放大,产生频率连续可调的倍频信号。在实验中,注入的正弦波光信号频率为1.25GHz,得到20～40GHz频率范围内1.25GHz的任意自然数倍的连续可调微波信号,其最高倍频数为32。     

An Approach to the Measurement of Microwave Frequency Based on Optical Power Monitoring

A novel approach to the measurement of microwave frequency based on optical power monitoring is proposed and demonstrated. The microwave signal with its frequency to be measured is modulated on two optical carriers with their wavelengths set at one peak and one valley of the spectral response of a sinusoidal filter. The modulation is performed by a Mach-Zehnder modulator that is biased to suppress the optical carriers. A mathematical expression relating the optical powers from the two wavelength channels and the microwave frequency to be measured is developed. By simply monitoring the optical powers at the outputs of the two wavelength channels, the microwave frequency can be evaluated. A proof-of-concept experiment is implemented. Frequency measurement with good accuracy for microwave signals at different power levels is realized.     

基于单个偏振调制器和光交错滤波器的八倍频微波信号产生研究

提出并实验验证了一种采用单个偏振调制器(PolM)的八倍频微波信号光学产生方法。PolM在大信号调制下产生多个高阶光边带,通过调节偏振控制器(PC)和检偏器,仅获得偶数阶光边带;合理调节其调制指数(射频信号功率),使得二阶边带被完全抑制,四阶边带功率明显高于六阶及其它高阶边带。采用光交错滤波器进一步抑制光载波及六阶边带,仅保留四阶边带,经光电探测器(PD)拍频获得八倍频微波信号。仿真方案选用25GHz和50GHz信道间隔的光交错滤波器,充分利用光交错滤波器的周期滤波特性,在4个频段范围内获得了连续可调的八倍频微波信号。实验结果和理论分析有效验证了所提出方案的可行性。     

Microwave frequency measurement with improved measurement range and resolution

An approach is proposed and demonstrated to improve the measurement range and resolution of a microwave frequency measurement system. Two optical wavelengths are modulated by a microwave signal in a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM). The optical output from the MZM is sent to a dispersive element to introduce different chromatic dispersions, leading to different microwave power penalties. A fixed relationship between the microwave power ratio and the microwave frequency is established. The microwave frequency is estimated by measuring the microwave powers. A new measurement range is defined with an improved measurement range and resolution. Analysis is performed and confirmed by an experiment.     

基于级联MZM的压缩感知微波光子测距雷达（特邀）

提出了一种基于级联马赫-曾德尔调制器(MZM)的微波光子压缩感知雷达测距系统。在发射端,利用双平行马赫-曾德尔调制器(DPMZM)产生中心频率和带宽四倍频的线性调频(LFM)信号;在接收端,对回波信号进行去斜处理,并利用级联的MZM实现去斜信号和伪随机序列(PRBS)在光域上的混频。通过低通滤波器(LPF)后,利用低速模数转换器(ADC)采用较低的速率对该混频信号进行亚奈奎斯特采样,然后在后端利用正交匹配追踪(OMP)算法对去斜信号进行重构。仿真和验证性实验结果表明,在数据压缩比为8时,该系统可以利用较少的观测值精确恢复去斜信号的频率值,测距误差不超过2 cm。除此以外,该系统降低了雷达中数据采集、存储和信息处理的压力,突破了传统奈奎斯特采样理论的瓶颈。     

基于双平行MZM调制器和四波混频效应的高倍频微波信号的光学生成

提出了一种基于双平行Mach-Zehnder调制器(DPMZM ) 和半导体光放大器(SOA ) 的四波混频(FWM ) 效应的 24 倍频微波信号光学生成方案,具有覆盖频段高、系统结构简单 和 频谱纯度较高等优点。在本方案中,低频率的微波信号 通过 DPMZM 对光源进行调制,调节直流偏置点使 DPMZM 的两个子 MZM 和主 MZM 均偏置在最大传输点,抑制 所有 奇数边带,进一步调节两个子 MZM 的调制深度和移相器的相移,完全抑制光载波和二阶边带,得到±4阶光边带;再经 过 SOA 发生FWM效应 , 产生±12 光边带,经过光电探测器拍频后可获得 24 倍频的微波信号。最后,通过仿真实验, 以 10GHz 的微波信号为驱动信号,得到了 240GHz 的微波信号,验证了方案的可行性。     

Microwave photonic notch filter with complex coefficient based on four wave mixing

A microwave photonic notch filter with a complex coefficient is proposed and demonstrated based on four wave mixing (FWM). FWM effect of two single-frequency laser beams occurs in a highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF), and multi-wavelength optical signals are generated and used to generate the multi-tap of microwave photonic filter (MPF). The complex coefficient is generated by using a Fourier-domain optical processor (FD-OP) to control the amplitude and phase of the optical carrier and phase modulation sidebands. The results show that this filter can be changed from bandpass filter to notch filter by controlling the FD-OP. The center frequency of the notch filter can be continuously tuned from 5.853 GHz to 29.311 GHz with free spectral range (FSR) of 11.729 GHz. The shape of the frequency response keeps unchanged when the phase is tuned.     

Analysis of segmented traveling-wave optical modulators

A simple and comprehensive modeling approach is developed for analyzing the frequency response of segmented traveling-wave optical modulators. The approach is based on the microwave transmission (ABCD) matrix theory. The case study for a GaAs traveling-wave Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) verifies this analysis approach with excellent agreement to the reported experimental results; the analyses for the quantum-well-based MZMs and electroabsorption modulators indicate that the segmented traveling-wave design can provide much better bandwidth than the lumped-element or the continuous-traveling-wave counterparts, with a few decibels penalty in the electrical-to-optical (E/O) conversion gain if low-loss optical waveguides are available. Meandered transmission line design, which provides more design freedom, is also analyzed using this modeling approach.     

Photonic Generation of Chirped Microwave Pulses Using Superimposed Chirped Fiber Bragg Gratings

A novel approach to generating linearly chirped microwave pulses in the optical domain based on spectral shaping and linear frequency-to-time mapping is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed system, the spectrum of a femtosecond pulse generated by a mode-locked fiber laser is spectrum-shaped by an optical filter that consists of two superimposed chirped fiber Bragg gratings (SI-CFBGs) with different chirp rates. The SI-CFBGs form a Fabry-Perot cavity with a cavity length linearly dependent on the resonance wavelength, thus a spectral response with an increased or decreased free spectral range is generated. A chirped microwave pulse with the pulse shape identical to the shaped spectrum is obtained at the output of a high-speed photodetector thanks to the frequency-to-time mapping in a dispersive device. The proposed technique is experimentally demonstrated, a linearly chirped microwave pulse with a central frequency of 15 GHz and a chirp rate of 0.0217 GHz/ps is experimentally generated.     

多种调制格式微波信号的光学产生方案

提出了一种基于偏振调制器（PolM）和Sagnac环级联的多调制格式微波信号的光学产生方案。理论分析了PolM在基带编码信号的驱动下产生偏振键控（PolSK）信号的基本原理,Sagnac环中嵌有两个马赫增德尔调制器（MZM）,分别对顺时针和逆时针传输的PolSK信号进行独立调制。通过合理调整两个MZM的驱动信号,实现了幅移键控（ASK）、频移键控（FSK）和相移键控（PSK）微波信号的产生。在仿真实验中,产生了比特率为2 Gbit/s的40 GHz ASK信号、20/40 GHz FSK信号和20 GHz PSK信号,同时验证了比特率和载波频率的宽带可调谐性。Sagnac环结构提升了系统的稳定性,并且针对每种调制格式的微波信号,在不改变链路结构的情况下其比特率和载波频率都可以通过控制基带编码信号和MZM的射频驱动来进行独立且灵活的调谐。     

Optical frequency comb with tunable free spectral range based on two Mach-Zehnder modulators cascaded with linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating and phase modulator

An approach for generating optical frequency comb (OFC) with tunable free spectral range (FSR) is proposed. Two Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) driven by phase-shifted sinusoidal signals are cascaded to generate OFC with plentiful comb lines and the FSR controlled by the drive frequency. Subsequently, a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (LCFBG) and a phase modulator (PM) are used to increase the comb FSR by a particular integer multiple. Therefore, by simultaneously controlling the drive frequency of MZMs, the dispersion amount of the LCFBG and the drive signal of the PM, an OFC with desired FSR can be achieved.     

光学外差法产生微波信号特性的研究

采用光学外差技术产生微波信号,是利用两个光信号之间的频率差,这个频率差就是微波信号的频率.光信号的一些参数变化会影响产生的微波信号,针对偏振、初相位、谱线宽度等影响因素,进行了深入的理论分析与推导,并对推导的结果进行仿真,得到了随着这些参数的改变导致所产生的微波信号特性的一些变化规律.

Abstract：

A microwave signal produced by optical heterodyne technology is based on the frequency deviation of two optical signals, which is the frequency of the microwave signal. Some optical parameters can affect the generated microwave signal, and for these influencing factors, such as polarization, initial phase, and line width, analysis and derivations are conducted. And the results of the derivation are simulated, and the relationship between the changes of microwave signal and these parameters is obtained.     

基于级联外调制器的六倍频微波信号的光学生成技术研究

提出并实验验证了一种基于级联偏振调制器(Po lM)和双平行马赫-曾德尔调制器(DPMZM)的六 倍频微波信号的光学生成方法。PolM在射频(RF)信号调制下,会产生多个光边带,通过调 节偏振控制 器(PC)和检偏器仅获得奇数阶边带,然后通过DPMZM,其中一子MZM调制RF信号,工作在 最大 传输点(MATP),另一子MZM不调制RF信号,从而抑制掉一阶边带,保留三阶边带,经光 电探测器(PD)拍频获得六倍频微波信号。仿真结果表明,在不利用任何光、电滤波器的情况下,调 制器消光比为 理想状态(100dB)时,RF杂散抑制比(RFSSR) 为34dB。即使消光比为非理想状态(30dB)时,生成微波信号的RF SSR仍可以达到21dB。理论分析和实验结果均验证 了方案的可行性。     

双光频梳辅助的微波频率测量方法北大核心CSCD

为实现大频率范围内多微波频率的高精度即时测量,提出了一种基于双光频梳和法布里-珀罗滤波器(Fabry-Perot filter,FPF)的微波频率测量方案。将待测微波信号通过单边带调制加载在一路光频梳上进行频率复制,再将调制后的光信号通过一个法布里-珀罗滤波器进行信道分割。FPF的输出信号和另一路光频梳耦合后通过光解复用器实现信道化接收。通过设置合适的系统参数,可使得每个信道输出的拍频信号在同一窄带中频频段内。基于频率-光功率映射的原理,通过判断信号的存在性即可确定未知信号所处的频率段,实现信号频率的粗估计。通过对目标信道输出的微波信号进行采样、模数变换和信号处理可实现未知信号频率的高精度测量。通过实验仿真验证了所提方案的有效性,频率测量误差在±2.5 MHz内。     

基于可调谐真相移的可调谐光电振荡器

提出一种基于真相移(TPS)实现可调谐光电振荡器( OEO)的方案。只需通过调谐Mach-Zehnder 调制器(MZM)的偏置电压,就可以实现可谐滤波器的频谱响应的改变,即可实现TPS滤波器。 其中,两个抽头的可调谐滤波器是由双光源、双调制器以及叠印光栅来实现。OEO的输出频 率由二抽头可调 谐滤波器的峰值频率决定,而滤波器可调谐,这样就可以实现输出OEO的输出频率可调。 仿真结果表明,输出频率可以实现5～10GHz宽带宽可调谐。     

Chirped Microwave Pulse Generation Based on Optical Spectral Shaping and Wavelength-to-Time Mapping Using a Sagnac Loop Mirror Incorporating a Chirped Fiber Bragg Grating

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an approach to optically generating chirped microwave pulses with tunable chirp profile based on optical spectral shaping using a Sagnac loop filter incorporating a chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) and linear wavelength-to-time mapping in a dispersive element. In the proposed approach, the optical power spectrum of an ultrashort optical pulse is shaped by a CFBG-incorporated Sagnac loop mirror that has a reflection spectral response with a linearly increasing or decreasing free spectral range. The spectrum-shaped optical pulse is then sent to a dispersive element to perform the linear wavelength-to-time mapping. A chirped microwave pulse with the pulse shape identical to that of the shaped spectrum is obtained at the output of a high-speed photodector. The central frequency and the chirp profile of the generated chirped microwave pulse can be controlled by simply tuning the time delay in the Sagnac loop mirror. A simple mathematical model to describe the chirped microwave pulse generation is developed. Numerical simulations and a proof-of-principle experiment are implemented to verify the proposed approach.      

Chirped Microwave Pulse Generation Using a Photonic Microwave Delay-Line Filter With a Quadratic Phase Response

We propose an optical approach to generating chirped microwave pulses using a photonic microwave delay-line filter (PMDLF) with a quadratic phase response. If a chirp-free broadband microwave pulse is inputted into the filter, a chirped microwave pulse is generated thanks to the quadratic phase response of the filter. To design a PMDLF with a quadratic phase response, complex tap coefficients are required, which is hard to implement in the optical domain. In this letter, a PMDLF with equivalent complex coefficients implemented based on a nonuniformly spaced delay-line structure is demonstrated. Since only positive coefficients are required, the filter is easy to implement. A design example is provided. A five-tap PMDLF to generate a chirped microwave pulse with a chirp rate of 13.2 GHz/ns is then experimentally demonstrated.     

基于叠印啁啾光纤布拉格光栅的宽谱微波光子信道化接收方法

提出了利用叠印啁啾光纤布拉格光栅(S-CFBG)实现宽谱微波信号光子信道化接收的方法。利用一个S-CFBG产生光频梳(OFC),接收的微波信号被强度调制器调制到OFC的各个载波上。第二个S-CFBG对不同的边带进行滤波,利用波分复用(WDM)解复用器进行信道分离,实现对宽谱微波信号频率的实时测量。该方法还可以同时检测不同射频(RF)载波上所携带的数据信息,无需传统的电本振源阵列,简化了系统结构。建立了测量范围为0～20GHz,测量精度为0.5GHz的宽谱微波信号信道化接收仿真系统。实现了不同RF频率上携带信息的实时同步检测,并对接收误码性能进行了分析。