基于速率约束的OFDM中继链路能效最优资源分配策略

该文研究解码转发(DF)模式的OFDM中继链路的能效最大化资源分配问题。与现有典型的固定速率最小化发射功率或无约束最大化能效算法不同,该文考虑电路功率消耗的前提下,将问题建模为以最大化系统能效为目标,同时考虑用户最小速率需求、源节点S和中继节点R各自总发射功率约束下的联合子载波配对和最优功率分配问题。证明了速率和功率联合约束条件下中继链路全局能效最优解的唯一性,在此基础上提出一种低复杂度联合最优资源分配策略。仿真结果表明,该文所提方案能够在最小速率和S/R节点最大发射功率约束下自适应分配功率资源,实现系统能效最优,并能够降低链路的中断概率。     

OFDMA中继网络基于效用的资源分配

研究半双工正交频分复用（OFDMA）中继网络的资源分配。解决动态子信道分配,自适应功率分配,传输策略选择和中继选择的联合优化问题。为了公平利用中继用户的资源,把中继用户所能帮助的最大子信道数和每个子信道的功率设为常量。在此基础上,提出贪婪算法以最大化总效用。当算法每次分配资源时,把资源分配给潜在效用增长最大的用户。仿真结果表明所提算法与固定的资源分配策略相比,能更高效地利用资源,并且改善了用户间的公平性。     

基于能效优化的用户调度与资源分配算法

该文针对多用户OFDMA移动通信下行系统,提出了基于能效优化的用户调度和资源分配方法。所提方法在满足用户服务质量(QoS)要求的前提下,以最大化系统能效为准则建立优化模型,假设在发射端完全已知信道状态信息(CSI)的情况下,充分利用系统内在的分集,给出了用户调度与速率分配的策略,有效地提高了系统的能量使用效率。仿真结果表明,所提算法的性能在较低复杂度前提下能够取得接近最优算法的性能。     

基于区分业务的OFDM跨层动态资源分配算法

跨层设计是目前比较流行的、有效的无线系统设计方法.本文针对多业务(实时业务和非实时业务)正交频分复用(OFDM)系统,提出了一种跨层结构的动态资源分配算法.该算法不仅在物理层上考虑信道状态信息和功率限制条件,而且在MAC层上针对不同类型业务采取不同的调度策略:(1)对于高优先级的实时业务,采用最大化容量的OFDMA策略,在频域上最大限度地利用多用户分集提高频谱效率,在时域上通过时隙的分配来保证时延边界;(2)对于低优先级的非实时业务,在频域上采用基于比例公平的OFDMA策略,在时域上尽力而为地分配时隙.仿真结果表明,与传统的单层资源分配算法相比,所提算法能够在保证不同业务服务质量(QoS)的前提下,大幅度地提高系统性能.     

基于OFDMA/TDM系统的跨层资源分配算法

研究了OFDMA/TDM系统的资源分配问题,基于最差信道用户优先原则,提出了一种新的跨层资源分配算法CRRA(Cross-layer Radio Resource Allocation)及其简化算法S-CRRA(Simplified CRRA).该算法利用用户数据队列长度动态变化的特性和多用户分集策略以实现在满足用户服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)的基础上最大化系统吞吐量,并且将频谱和功率分配分开进行以降低计算复杂度.仿真结果表明,CRRA算法和S-CRRA算法在系统吞吐量上基本一致,两者较已有的OFDMA/TDM系统资源分配算法能提高10%-24%的系统吞吐量.     

基于无线中继网络的OFDMA-MIMO资源分配算法研究

无线中继技术与OFDMA-MIMO技术相结合,能够大大提高系统的性能,是一种极具潜力的技术。本文结合无线中继网络中OFDMA的帧结构,以轮询调度算法和贪婪算法为参考,提出了多天线下的OFDMA无线中继网络的比例公平资源分配算法;并和无中继的OFDMA系统及单天线下的OFDMA无线中继网络资源分配算法相比较。通过仿真表明本文提出的资源分配算法在考虑每个用户数据速率的同时能够大大提高系统的传输速率,满足用户的多种业务需求。     

OFDMA系统基于QoS保证和最大最小公平性准则下的动态资源分配

正交频分多址(OFDMA)技术以其更高的频谱效率和抗多径衰落特性成为高速无线通信网络的候选标准。兼顾效率和公平性是OFDMA系统资源分配亟待解决的问题。本文研究了OFDMA系统中的无线资源分配问题,既要保证QoS用户的最小速率要求,同时“尽力而为”用户之间必须满足最小速率最大化公平性(max-min fairness)准则;该资源分配问题可以表述为一个系统总功率约束下的子载波分配和功率控制的混合离散型优化模型,这是难解的NP-hard问题,穷举搜索的代价是极其巨大的。针对该非凸模型,本文设计一个拉格朗日松弛的优化算法,该算法中采用修正的椭球算法求解对偶问题。算法具有多项式时间复杂度,且与子载波数目呈线性增长关系。仿真结果表明,该算法能近似最优地满足用户QoS及最大最小公平性要求。      

比例速率约束下OFDMA系统近似最优的资源分配算法

中继协作OFDMA系统以及非中继OFDMA系统,在比例速率公平性约束下的无线资源分配问题,是含非线性等式约束的混合离散型优化问题,很难得到满足实时性要求的近似最优算法。该文分别基于这两种系统在速率公平性约束下的等价优化模型,提出拉格朗日松弛的联合优化算法。算法的关键在于OFDMA系统的渐进强对偶性,这个性质使得多项式时间算法的设计成为可能。该文算法的复杂度与系统载波数目成线性关系;仿真结果表明,算法的性能极好地逼近最优分配方案性能。     

AF中继下行链路系统的能效资源分配方案

为最大化放大转发中继系统的下行链路总能效,结合系统的电路功率,提出了一种基于能效的中继选择和功率分配联合方案.为降低复杂度,采用分步式次优化方案,利用虚拟直传信道增益得到中继选择方法,并将中继系统转换为单跳系统;然后利用凸规划得到最优功率分配.此外,为适应不同的用户分布,提出联合小区呼吸机制的分配方案.仿真结果表明,所提次优联合方案逼近最优值,联合小区呼吸的方案可适应不同的用户分布并进一步提升能效.     

基于对偶分解的OFDMA系统资源分配算法

该文针对多业务OFDMA系统资源分配问题,建立了考虑业务服务质量、数据到达、系统约束的最优化问题。分析了不同业务的速率约束、延时约束和队列长度之间的关系,并利用对偶分解方法将原问题分解为若干独立子问题,分别得到了最优资源块与最优功率分配规则,进而提出了基于对偶分解的最优资源分配算法。仿真结果表明,该算法在业务违反概率较低、公平性较好、算法复杂度略有上升的情况下,可以实现非实时业务吞吐量最大化。     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

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正Communications—VLSI Researches and industries of telecommunications have been growing rapidly in the last 20 years and will keep their high growing pace in the next decade.The involved researches and developments cover mobile communications,highway and last-mile broadband communication,domain specific communications,and emerging D2D M2M communications.Radio communication steps into its