VN-APIT: virtual nodes-based range-free APIT localization scheme for WSN

As an important supporting technology, the localization technology has become the basis of the practical applications of wireless sensor networks for information acquisition and processing. APIT (approximate Point-In-Triangulation) localization scheme is widely used for localization estimation in wireless sensor networks due to the advantages of the high localization accuracy and easy to deploy. However, there are some inherent defects caused by the uneven distribution of sensor nodes in APIT scheme. To overcome the problem, in this paper a novel virtual nodes-based range-free localization scheme, i.e., VN-APIT, is proposed to improve the APIT scheme. By rationally deploying virtual nodes in sensor network according to the proposed VN-APIT test theory, VN-APIT localization scheme can determine independently that whether a target node is inside or outside the triangle formed by three certain anchor nodes. Therefore, it will not subject to the effect of the density and distribution of sensor nodes and there is no the problem of the In-to-Out error and the Out-to-In error in VN-APIT scheme. Simulation evaluation shows that the proposed VN-APIT scheme is more robust and has a lower average localization error (ALE) than the conventional APIT scheme.     

基于博弈论的井下监测网QoS路由算法研究

构建煤矿井下无线视频监控系统可有效弥补有线监控系统的不足,以无线多媒体传感器为网络节点设计了煤矿井下无线视频监控系统,针对传感器存在潜在的自私性特点,引入博弈理论思想,建立一种无线多媒体传感器网络QOS路由的博弈模型,并将其融入到路由协议中,提出了一种博弈路由协议,仿真实验表明能够有效均衡节点能量消耗,克服传感器自私性...     

基于ZigBee煤矿井下无线传感器节点设计

针对目前煤矿井下有线监控系统存在的问题,在此设计了一种无线传感器节点,其特点是无线的、移动性强、可靠性高、低功耗、实时性强等,能够实时监测煤矿井下的环境参数,包括温度、湿度和瓦斯浓度,并将采集到的信息通过ZigBee无线传输方式进行发送。以CC2430作为无线网络处理器,负责建立网络和传输数据,采用SHT11温湿度传感器和MJC4／3．0L瓦斯浓度传感器采集煤矿井下数据,用CC2591芯片作为无线发送前端,增强无线发送功率;软件架构采用Z-Stack协议栈,它是基于一个轮转查询式操作系统。最后通过实验测试表明,该无线传感器节点能实时准确地采集环境参数,有效地实现实时监测煤矿井下的环境情况。     

应用三维弹簧系统模型的锚节点部署优化

为使随机部署的三维无线传感器网络中锚节点的分布更加合理,提高未知节点定位精度,针对锚节点部署进行优化。通过构建弹簧系统模型,将锚节点抽象为通过弹簧相连接的点,使部分锚节点在合力作用下进行伸缩运动,达到提高网络性能的目的。当锚节点部署优化完成后,应用近似三角形内点测试( APIT)和DV-HOP( Distance Vector-hop)算法测试优化前后的节点定位精度。仿真结果表明,三维空间下的锚节点经过弹簧系统模型的部署优化后,锚节点网络覆盖率和定位覆盖率均得到了提高,网络平均连通度有所提升,且定位精度显著提高。     

Probabilistic routing protocol for a hybrid wireless underground sensor networks

A wireless underground sensor network (WUSN) is defined as a network of wireless sensor devices in which all sensor devices are deployed completely underground (network sinks or any devices specifically for relay between sensors and a sink may be aboveground). In hybrid wireless underground sensor network (HWUSN), communication between nodes is implemented from underground‐to‐air or air‐to‐underground, not underground‐to‐underground. This paper proposes a novel hybrid underground probabilistic routing protocol that provides an efficient means of communication for sensor nodes in HWUSN. In addition, signal propagation based on the shadowing model for underground medium is developed. The proposed routing protocol ensures high packet throughput, prolongs the lifetime of HWUSN and the random selection of the next hop with multi‐path forwarding contributes to built‐in security. Moreover, the proposed mechanism utilizes an optimal forwarding (OF) decision that takes into account of the link quality, and the remaining power of next hop sensor nodes. The performance of proposed routing protocol has been successfully studied and verified through the simulation and real test bed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

SGDD: self‐managed grid‐based data dissemination protocol for mobile sink in wireless sensor network

The reduction of energy consumption in order to increase network lifetime is one of the most major challenges in the design of wireless sensor networks. During data dissemination, the sensors that are located in the sink's neighborhood are responsible to relay data to the other nodes; hence, their energy is exhausted expeditiously. Therefore, the idea of utilizing mobile sinks can be so advantageous to decrease energy consumption during data dissemination process. In this paper, we propose self‐managed grid‐based data disseminating protocol for mobile sink in wireless sensor networks by using the idea of constructing a virtual grid. In self‐managed grid‐based data disseminating protocol, sink and nodes map their geographical position to a virtual location. In order to increase the performance, we have employed a cell head for each grid cell. Cell heads are selected based on two parameters, centralization and residual energy. Our data dissemination protocol is simple and has low overhead to construct and maintain. Also, we have presented a new method for sink location update, which leads to the least cost in data transfer. Simulation results illustrate that by utilizing hierarchical functionality and determining an optimal size for grid cells, energy consumption is decreased, which leads to increasing network lifetime. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于信号幅度衰减测距的水下定位方法

无线传感器网络中节点规模大、能量有限、可靠性差、随机部署,无线模块的通信距离有限,虽然运用全球定位系统是个很好的选择,但是其体积大、成本高、能耗多而且需要基础设施,不适用于低成本、自组织的无线传感器网络。通过研究发现,基于信号幅度衰减测距的水下定位方法不仅能够满足无线传感器网络节点定位的要求,而且其成本较低,易理解及操作,精度高。     

Probabilistic Forwarding Decision Scheme for Reliable Geocasting in Wireless Sensor Networks

Geocasting is an important communication service in wireless sensor networks. Most of the existing geocasting protocols assume that sensor nodes and the area of interest have accurate location information. However, this assumption is unreasonable if localization systems or schemes cannot work well. This study proposes an efficient probabilistic forwarding decision scheme for reliable geocasting in virtual coordinate-based wireless sensor networks. The proposed scheme uses directional code and hop distance to identify sensor node’s location. The sensor node determines a direction-based probability and a distance-based probability derived from its directional code and hop distance, respectively. The sensor node depends on the two probabilities to determine its ultimate forwarding probability. Simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme outperforms the pure direction-based forwarding scheme in packet delivery ratio though it occurs more packets. Results also show that the direction-based probability significantly dominates the geocasting performance.     

基于改进DV-Hop的无线传感器网络节点定位算法

针对DV-Hop距算法定位误差大的难题,提出一种改进离估计误差,并利用DV-Hop的传感器节点定位算法。首先修正知节点与信标节DV-Hop算法对节点进行定位;然后对进V-Hop算法定位误差行校正,最后在Matlab 2012平台上对算法性能进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明,本文算法可以较好地克服DV-Hop算法存在的不足,提高了传感器节点的定位精度。     

基于ANT技术的矿井安全预警系统设计

为了实现矿井的安全生产,避免矿井事故的发生,设计了一种基于ANT技术的矿井安全预警系统,主要是针对井下瓦斯浓度的安全预警。系统由传感器节点、中心节点、监控中心计算机及后台软件组成。通过对井下工作区域部署无线传感器网络,将通道采集到的数据以多跳形式传输到中心节点,然后通过无线传输网络传回监控中心,实现对矿井安全生产环境的实时监控。     

基于ZigBee的煤矿监控网络节点设计

针对矿用监控设备采用有线方式传输信号存在的弊端,煤矿实时监控采用基于Zigbee的无线传感器网络技术.根据无线传感器网络工作原理和节点体系架构,设计了以CC2430为核心的传感器网络节点.该节点装置能够完成瓦斯浓度监测、井下人员的实时信息采集和定位等,并详细给出了这种传感器节点的硬件设计和软件流程.     

BSLPSDN: Base station location privacy via software-defined networking (SDN) in wireless sensor networks

Base station's location privacy in a wireless sensor network (WSN) is critical for information security and operational availability of the network. A key part of securing the base station from potential compromise is to secure the information about its physical location. This paper proposes a technique called base station location privacy via software-defined networking (SDN) in wireless sensor networks (BSLPSDN). The inspiration comes from the architecture of SDN, where the control plane is separated from the data plane, and where control plane decides the policy for the data plane. BSLPSDN uses three categories of nodes, namely, a main controller to instruct the overall operations, a dedicated node to buffer and forward data, and lastly, a common node to sense and forward the packet. We employ three kinds of nodes to collaborate and achieve stealth for the base station and thus protecting it against the traffic-analysis attacks. Different traits of the WSN including energy status and traffic density can actively be monitored by BSLPSDN, which positively affects the energy goals, expected life of the network, load on common nodes, and the possibility of creating diversion in the wake of an attack on the base station. We incorporated multiple experiments to analyze and evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm. We use single controller with multiple sensor nodes and multiple controllers with multiple sensor nodes to show the level of anonymity of BS. Experiments show that providing BS anonymity via multiple controllers is the best method both in terms of energy and privacy.     

无线传感器网络节点的辅助式定位方法

节点定位是无线传感器网络的一个重要研究内容。针对传感器网络内所有节点物理位置都未知的情况，文中提出一种利用已知的外界参考信号源来对网络内传感器节点进行定位的方法，并建立了基于TDOA、TOA及AOA的定位估计模型。尽管参数测量有误差，但所提出的方法能够提供有效的位置信息及一定的精度，而且基于AOA的定位模型并不增加传感器节点的成本和复杂度。仿真实验结果表明，该方法能对节点进行有效的定位。     

基于RSSI的精确室内定位算法

无线传感器网络的关键问题是实现节点的精确定位。为了解决基于RSSI的无线传感器网络三角形质心定位算法在有些情况不适用的问题,本文提出一种新型的基于RSSI的精确室内定位算法,此算法提出了虚拟信标节点的概念并用此来修正未知节点位置。实验表明,该算法具有较高的定位精度,能满足大多数的应用场合,具有一定的实用价值。     

传感网络中基于移动信标的网格扫描定位算法

节点定位是传感网络最基本的技术之一,对此提出一种基于移动信标的网格扫描定位算法(Mobile Beacon Grid-Scan,MBGS)。该算法在网格扫描定位算法基础上,利用一个移动信标巡航整个传感区域,产生大量的虚拟信标,提高网络信标覆盖率,然后普通节点利用这些信标信息减小其可能区域(Estimative Rectangle,ER),并把新可能区域网格坐标质心作为其最新估计坐标。仿真结果表明,与Bounding Box、质心定位算法以及传统的网格扫描定位算法相比,MBGS定位方法的定位精度更高,算法性能更加稳定。     

A Tracking-Based Target Locating Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

1　IntroductionAwirelesssensornetworkisusuallycomposedofhundredsorthousandsofsensorsequippedwithcomputation ,sensingandcommunicationdevices,whicharecoordinatedinadistributedmodeinordertomonitoracertaingeographicalregionandcollectinformationontheirsurroundings[1 ] .Thecollecteddataisthenusedtoanswervariousqueries.RecentadvancesinMEMS ,wirelesscommunications,anddigitalelectronicshavemadepossiblethecheapandfastdeploymentofsensornetworks[2 ] .Suchadhoc,self organizingsensornetworksarereceivingin…     

基于ZigBee的机车无线定位方法研究

本文以设计一个机车无线定位管理系统为目的,首先介绍了时下主流无线定位技术,分析了它们的优点和缺点,讨论了其在机车定位应用方面的局限性,并在此基础上提出了基于对称双边到达时间测距算法和最小二乘定位算法的车站机车精确定位方法。证明了该方法对由于无线定位设备晶振频率差异导致的测量误差有较高的鲁棒性,具有比其他定位方法都高的定...     

WSN中节点定位方法的改进

无线传感器网络节点位置信息的获取非常关键。首先考虑节点分布问题提出了一种新的节点分布模式,并改进定位算法,将节点定位过程主要分为一级定位和二级定位。一级定位采用基于优先值阈值的质心定位算法,并将一级定位的节点作为新锚节点参与二级定位。二级定位使用基于优先值阈值的DV-Hop最小二乘定位算法。Matlab仿真结果证明,提出的节点分布模式利于节点定位,一级定位算法降低了计算量,并与二级定位算法一起提高了定位精度。     

基于无线传感器网络的煤矿安全监测系统的研究与设计

提出了应用于矿井安全监测和人员定位的无线传感器网络解决方案,以取代传统矿井安全监测系统的总线式数据传输和RFID定位,具有节点布置简易,方便移动,不易损坏,定位精度高以及成本低廉等优势。测试结果表明．基于CC2430的无线传感器网络解决方案和基于RSSI测距的改进APIT定位算法,完全满足矿井安全监测和人员定位的要求。     

无线传感器网络混合定位技术研究

在大规模复杂无线传感器网络中往往采用多种节点定位技术,在此结合现有无线传感器定位技术的现状,提出了一种混合定位技术以实现不同定位方法之间的互补。一方面利用RSSI定位弥补TDOA定位覆盖范围小的缺点;另一方面将测距信息引入到非测距定位DV—Hop算法中,用RSSI测距模型来提高DV-Hop算法中定位节点与信标节点间有效距离的精度。实验结果表明,该混合定位技术实现了TDOA,RSSI以及DV-HOP等定位技术的融合,有效地提高了复杂大规模无线传感器网络的节点定位精度。