基于SiGe HBT工艺的GNSS接收机混频器设计

针对目前国内RFIC发展比较滞后的现状,设计了3款应用于GNSS接收机的基于0.5 μm SiGe HBT工艺的混频器(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),并采用针对混频器的优良指数FOM(figure-of-merit)对这3个混频器进行结构和综合性能比较.3款混频器的供电电压为3.3 V,本振LO输入功率为-10 dBm,其消耗总电流、转换增益、噪声系数、1 dB增益压缩点依次为:Ⅰ)8.7 mA,15 dB,4.1 dB,-17 dBm;Ⅱ)8.4 mA ,10 dB,4.6 dB,-10 dBm;Ⅲ)5.4 mA,11 dB,4.9 dB,-10 dBm.而3款混频器的FOM分别为-57.8、-56.6、-54.3,表明混频器Ⅲ的综合性能最佳,混频器Ⅱ次之,最后为混频器Ⅰ.     

基于CMOS工艺的改进型电流注入混频器

设计了一种改进型电流注入混频器.通过在吉尔伯特混频器电路的本振开关管源极引入电感形成谐振电路,消除了开关管源极寄生电容的影响,降低了混频器电路的闪烁噪声,增大了混频器电路的增益.混频器电路的设计采用SMIC 0.35 μm CMOS 工艺库,本振功率为-3 dBm.仿真结果表明,与改进前的混频器电路相比,当本振功率为-3 dBm时,改进型电流注入混频器电路的增益提高了1.76 dB,IIP3提高2.1 dBm,噪声系数降低了0.5 dB.     

基于SiGe HBT工艺的GNSS接收机混频器设计

针对目前国内RFIC发展比较滞后的现状,设计了3款应用于GNSS接收机的基于0．5μm SiGe HBT工艺的混频器（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ）,并采用针对混频器的优良指数FOM（figure—of-merit）对这3个混频器进行结构和综合性能比较。3款混频器的供电电压为3-3V,本振LO输入功率为-10dBm,其消耗总电流、转换增益、噪声系数、1dB增益压缩点依次为：Ⅰ）8．7mA,15dB,4．1dB,-17dBm;Ⅱ）8．4mA,10dB,4．6dB,-10dBm;Ⅲ）5．4mA,11dB,4．9dB,-10dBm。而3款混频器的FOM分别为-57．8、-56．6、-54．3,表明混频器Ⅲ的综合性能最佳,混频器Ⅱ次之,最后为混频器Ⅰ。     

毫米波单片有源混频器的研制

采用OMMIC 0.18μm GaAs pHEMT工艺,研制了毫米波单片有源混频器.该混频器选用单栅极单端FET混频结构.在中频输出端设计了低通滤波器,以提高LO-IF、RF-IF的隔离度.芯片的尺寸仅为0.95mm×1.85mm.在射频频率为39GHz、输出中频频率为3GHz时,该混频器的变频增益为0.6dB,LO-IF隔离度大于55dB,RF-IF的隔离度大于30dB.     

2 GHz下变频混频器的设计与实现

设计并实现了一个工作于2 GHz的下变频混频器.在混频器的设计与仿真过程中,同时考虑到了压焊线、焊盘、ESD电路的影响.并给出了在电路与版图设计过程中降低高频信号对其它信号影响的方法.测试结果表明,此混频器的增益为0.6 dB,IIP3为6 dBm,噪声系数NF为18.7 dB.     

一种基于准浮栅技术的0.6V,2.4GHz CMOS混频器

讨论分析了准浮栅晶体管的工作原理、电气特性及其等效电路.基于准浮栅NMOS晶体管,对Gilbert混频器电路结构进行改进设计,实现了超低压混频器.基于TSMC 0.25μm CMOS工艺的BSIM3V3模型,采用Hspice对混频器进行了仿真,仿真结果显示,该混频器在0.6V的单电源电压下,仍可以对2.4GHz的正弦信号进行混频,转换增益为-21.8dB,三阶输入截止点的值为34.6dB.     

一种基于衬底驱动技术的超低压模拟混频器

讨论分析了混频器和衬底驱动MOSFET的工作原理.在此技术基础上设计一个低压模拟混频器.基于TSMC 0.25 μm CMOS工艺BSIM3V3模型,采用Hspice对整个电路进行仿真.仿真结果表明,该混频器在1.2V的单电源电压下,可以实现对2.4GHz正弦信号的混频,转换增益为-12.8dB,三阶输入截止点的值为23dB.     

基于肖特基二极管的450 GHz二次谐波混频器

为了在亚毫米波波段进行遥感探测,研制了450GHz的二次谐波混频器.混频器的核心部件是一对反向并联的肖特基二极管,长度为74μm,截止频率高达8THz.在石英基片上搭建悬置微带的匹配电路,并采用一分为二的金属腔体.在二极管的仿真中获得二极管管芯的输入阻抗,然后考虑二极管的封装、匹配电路,仿真得到混频器的单边带变频损耗为8.0dB,所需本振功率为4mW.测试表明,本混频器的单边带变频损耗的最佳值为14.0dB,433~451GHz之间的损耗小于17.0dB,3dB带宽为18GHz,所需的本振功率为5mW.     

一种低电压、低噪声、高增益CMOS折叠式混频器

针对IEEE802.154协议设计了一种工作于2.44GHz的900mV低电压、低噪声、高增益CMOS折叠式混频器,并在混频器的开关级共源节点引入LC回路吸收寄生电容,进一步提高了混频器的主要性能.在chartered0.18tanCMOS工艺下采用SpectreRF进行仿真,仿真结果表明:该混频器的转换增益高达18.6dB,单边带噪声系数(SSB NF)仅为7.15dB,输入/输出三阶截断点(IIP3/OIP3)为-8.77/9.88dBm,功耗为52mW.     

一种用于超高频RFID阅读器的正交下变频混频器的分析与设计

分析了共用跨导级的正交下变频混频器的性能,包括电压转换增益、线性度、噪声系数和镜象抑制比,分析表明其在电流开关模式下比传统的Gilbert混频器对具有更好的性能.设计并优化了一个基于共用跨导级结构的用于超高频RFID阅读器的正交下变频混频器.在915MHz频段上,该混频器测得12.5dB的转换增益,10dBm的IIP3 ,58dBm的IIP2和17.6dB的SSB噪声系数.芯片采用0.18μm 1P6M RF CMOS工艺实现,在1.8V的电源电压下仅消耗3mA电流.     

A low-voltage folded-switching mixer in 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS

Scaling of CMOS technologies has a great impact on analog design. The most severe consequence is the reduction of the voltage supply. In this paper, a low voltage, low power, AC-coupled folded-switching mixer with current-reuse is presented. The main advantages of the introduced mixer topology are: high voltage gain, moderate noise figure, moderate linearity, and operation at low supply voltages. Insight into the mixer operation is given by analyzing voltage gain, noise figure (NF), linearity (IIP3), and DC stability. The mixer is designed and implemented in 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology with metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors as an option. The active chip area is 160 /spl mu/m/spl times/200 /spl mu/m. At 2.4 GHz a single side band (SSB) noise figure of 13.9 dB, a voltage gain of 11.9 dB and an IIP3 of -3 dBm are measured at a supply voltage of 1 V and with a power consumption of only 3.2 mW. At a supply voltage of 1.8 V, an SSB noise figure of 12.9 dB, a voltage gain of 16 dB and an IIP3 of 1 dBm are measured at a power consumption of 8.1 mW.     

A 51 to 65 GHz Low-Power Bulk-Driven Mixer Using 0.13 $mu$m CMOS Technology

A low-voltage and low-power down-conversion bulk-driven mixer using standard 0.13 $mu$ m CMOS technology is presented in this letter. To work on a low supply voltage and low power consumption applications while maintaining reasonable performance, the bulk-driven technique is selected in this V-band mixer design. The mixer has a conversion gain of $0 pm 1.5$ dB from 51 to 65 GHz with low supply voltage of 1 V and low power consumption of 3 mW. To our knowledge, the MMIC is the highest frequency CMOS bulk-driven mixer to date with good conversion gain and low power consumption among the recently published active mixers around 60 GHz.      

A 5.25-GHz low-power down-conversion mixer in 0.18-μm CMOS technology

A 5.25 GHz low voltage, high linear and isolated mixer using TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS process for WLAN receiver was investigated. The paper presents a novel topology mixer that leads to better performance in terms of linearity, isolation and power consumption for low supply voltage. The measuring results of the proposed mixer achieve: 7.6 dB power conversion gain, 11.4 dB double side band noise figure, 3 dBm input third-order intercept point, and the total dc power consumption of this mixer including output buffers is 2.45 mW from a 1 V supply voltage. The current output buffer is about 2 mW, the excellent LO-RF, LO-IF and RF-IF isolation achieved up to 37.8, 54.8 and 38.2 dB, respectively.     

用于蓝牙收发机的低电压CMOS Gilbert混频器

对已报道的Gilbert混频器工作在低电压时存在的问题进行了分析,在此基础上,描述了利用改进的低电压设计技术,用于2.4GHz蓝牙收发机的上混频器/下混频器的设计.利用适用于低电压工作的负反馈与电流镜技术提高上混频器的线性度;而通过采用折叠级联输出,增加了低电压时下混频器的设计自由度,从而降低了噪声,提高了转换增益.基于0.35μm CMOS工艺技术,在2V电源电压下,对电路进行了仿真.结果表明:上混频器消耗的电流为3mA,输入三阶截距点达到20dBm,输出的信号幅度为87mV;下混频器消耗的电流为3.5mA,得到的转换增益是20dB,输入参考噪声电压是6.5nV/ Hz,输入三阶截距点为4.4dBm.     

A Single Transistor‐Level Direct‐Conversion Mixer for Low‐Voltage Low‐Power Multi‐band Radios

A CMOS direct‐conversion mixer with a single transistor‐level topology is proposed in this paper. Since the single transistor‐level topology needs smaller supply voltage than the conventional Gilbert‐cell topology, the proposed mixer structure is suitable for a low power and highly integrated RF system‐on‐a‐chip (SoC). The proposed direct‐conversion mixer is designed for the multi‐band ultra‐wideband (UWB) system covering from 3 to 7 GHz. The conversion gain and input P1dB of the mixer are about 3 dB and ?10 dBm, respectively, with multi‐band RF signals. The mixer consumes 4.3 mA under a 1.8 V supply voltage.     

超低压CMOS混频器比较设计及特性分析

讨论并设计了基于PMOS衬底驱动技术和CMOS准浮栅技术的两种超低压CMOS混频器电路,并对混频器的特性进行了比较分析。在电源电压为O．8V,本征频率和射频频率分别是20MHz、100MHz和1GHz、2,4GHz的输入正弦信号时,衬底驱动混频器的转换增益为-17.95dB和-8．5dB,三阶输入截止点的值为33.2dB和28．4dB;在0．6V的单电源电压下,输入正弦信号分别为频率为20MHz、100MHz和1GHz、2．4GHz时,准浮栅混频器的转换增益为-14．23dB和-21．8dB,三阶输入截止点的值为35．9dB和34．6dB。仿真结果比较显示,衬底驱动混频器具有更高的转换增益,而准浮栅混频器具有更好的频域特性和低压特性。而且它们在频率较低时的性能更好。     

A Low Voltage Mixer With Improved Noise Figure

A 5.2 GHz low voltage mixer with improved noise figure using TSMC 0.18 $mu$m CMOS technology is presented in this letter. This mixer utilizes current reuse and ac-coupled folded switching to achieve low supply voltage. The noise figure of the mixer is strongly influenced by flicker noise. A resonating inductor is implemented for tuning out the parasitic components, which not only can improve noise figure but also enhance conversion gain. A low voltage mixer without resonating technique has also been fabricated and measured for comparison. Simulated results reveal that flicker corner frequency is lowered. The measured results show 4.5 dB conversion gain enhancement and 4 dB reduction of noise figure. The down-conversion mixer with resonating inductor achieves 5.8 dB conversion gain, ${-}16$ dBm ${rm P}_{{rm 1dB}},$ ${-}6$ dBm ${rm IIP}_{3}$ at power consumption of 3.8 mW and 1 V supply voltage.      

A low-power oscillator mixer in 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology

A downconversion double-balanced oscillator mixer using 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology is proposed in this paper. This oscillator mixer consists of an individual mixer stacked on a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The stacked structure allows entire mixer current to be reused by the VCO cross-coupled pair to reduce the total current consumption of the individual VCO and mixer. Using individual supply voltages and eliminating the tail current source, the stacked topology requires 1.0-V low supply voltage. The oscillator mixer achieves a voltage conversion gain of 10.9 dB at 4.2-GHz RF frequency. The oscillator mixer exhibits a tuning range of 11.5% and a single-sideband noise figure of 14.5 dB. The dc power consumption is 0.2 mW for the mixer and 2.94 mW for the VCO. This oscillator mixer requires a lower supply voltage and achieves a higher operating frequency among recently reported Si-based self-oscillating mixers and mixer oscillators. The mixer in this oscillator mixer also achieves a low power consumption compared with recently reported low-power mixers.     

A low voltage current mode CMOS integrated receiver front-end for GPS system

This paper presents a low voltage, 1.6 GHz integrated receiver front-end which is implemented by the standard 0.35 μm, 3M2P CMOS technology. The receiver consists of a transconductance low noise amplifier (G_m-LNA), a down conversion current mode mixer and a voltage-controlled oscillator using accumulation-mode MOS varactor (A-MOS VCO). A current mode mixer is used to reduce the supply voltage to 1 V. A specially designed G_m-LNA converts RF input voltage to RF input current for the current mode mixer. This could eliminate an unnecessary I–V, V–I conversion and reduce the non-linearity contribution. Moreover, a low voltage A-MOS VCO, with a good phase noise and wide tuning frequency range, is used to generate a required oscillating frequency for the receiver. The integrated receiver front-end has a measured power conversion gain of 11.4 dB, an input referred third-order intercept point (IIP₃) of 6.1 dBm, and a noise figure of 5.87 dB. The measured total power consumption is 40.9 mW with 1 V supply.     

A K-band down-conversion mixer with 1.4-GHz bandwidth in 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS technology

A low power and low voltage down conversion mixer working at K-band is designed and fabricated in a 0.13/spl mu/m CMOS logic process. The mixer down converts RF signals from 19GHz to 2.7GHz intermediate frequency. The mixer achieves a conversion gain of 1dB, a very low single side band noise figure of 9dB and third order intermodulation point of -2dBm, while consuming 6.9mW power from a 1.2V supply. The 3-dB conversion gain bandwidth is 1.4GHz, which is almost 50% of the IF. This mixer with small frequency re-tuning can be used for ultra-wide band radars operating in the 22-29GHz band.