数字调制系统码间干扰分析

通信系统中引起误码的主要因素是噪声和码间干扰。主要针对频带传输系统包括多进制调制系统如何能消除码间干扰问题进行了分析，提出了无码间干扰传输系统的传输函数应满足的条件、最高码元传输速率与系统带宽之间的关系以及不同调制系统的频带利用率。     

无线通信中的空时分组码

空时分组码技术结合信道编码、调制和天线分集技术,当发送天线一定时,他的解码复杂度正比于发送速率,在3G标准中,该技术有着重要的地位。对空时分组码及相关知识进行了介绍,并对可变速率的空时分组码设计进行了探讨,最后展望了空时分组码技术的应用前景。     

On Space–Time Coding With Pulse Position and Amplitude Modulations for Time-Hopping Ultra-Wideband Systems

In this work, we propose novel families of space-time (ST) block codes that can be associated with impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) communication systems. The carrier-less nature of this nonconventional totally real transmission technique necessitates the construction of new suitable coding schemes. In fact, the last generation of complex-valued ST codes (namely, the perfect codes) cannot be associated with IR-UWB systems where the phase reconstitution at the receiver side is practically infeasible. On the other hand, while the perfect codes were considered mainly with quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and hexagonal (HEX) constellations, IR-UWB systems are often associated with pulse-position modulation (PPM) and hybrid PPM-PAM (pulse-amplitude modulation) constellations. In this paper, instead of adopting the classical approach of constructing ST codes over infinite fields or for the perfect codes), we study the possibility of constructing modulation-specific codes that are exclusive to PPM and PPM-PAM. The proposed full-rate codes are totally real, information lossless, and have a uniform average energy per transmit antenna. They permit to achieve a full diversity order with any number of transmit antennas. In some situations, the proposed schemes have an optimal nonvanishing coding gain and satisfy all the construction constraints of the perfect codes in addition to the constraint of being totally real. Simulations performed over realistic indoor UWB channels showed that the proposed schemes outperform the best known codes constructed from cyclic division algebras.     

Simplified receiver design for STBC binary continuous phase modulation

Existing space-time codes have focused on multiple- antenna systems with linear modulation schemes such as phase- shift keying and quadrature amplitude modulation. Continuous phase modulation (CPM) is an attractive scheme for digital transmission because of its constant envelope which is needed for power efficient transmitters. Recent research has shown that space-time coded CPM can achieve transmit diversity to improve performance while maintaining the compact spectrum of CPM signals. However, these efforts mainly combine space- time coding (STC) with CPM to achieve spatial diversity at the cost of a high decoding complexity. In this paper, we design space-time block codes (STBC) for binary CPM with modulation index h = 1/2 and derive low-complexity receivers for these systems. The proposed scheme has a much lower decoding complexity than STC CPM with the Viterbi decoder and still achieves near-optimum error performances.     

Advances in constant envelope coded modulation

An overview is given of recent advances in constant envelope combined coding and modulation. Modulation codes and trellises are discussed, and major classes of trellis modulation codes are described. Continuous phase modulation is defined, and concatenations of phase codes and convolutional codes are examined. The ultimate capability of phase modulation coding and the size of CPM trellis codes are addressed. Implementation issues are considered     

Enhanced architecture for residue number system-based CDMA for high-rate data transmission

This paper presents an advanced architecture for residue number system (RNS)-based code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system for high-rate data transmission by combining RNS representation, phase shift keying/quadrature amplitude modulation (PSK/QAM) and orthogonal modulation. The residues obtained from a fixed number of bits are again divided into spread code index and data symbol for modulation. The modulated data symbol is spread using the indexed orthogonal codes and transmitted through a communication channel. The proposed system uses a lower number of orthogonal codes than conventional RNS-based CDMA and the performance is comparable. The computational complexity of the proposed system is compared against alternative schemes such as M-ary CDMA and conventional RNS-based CDMA. The modified system is simulated extensively for different channel conditions and the results are discussed.     

高效LDPC码及OFDM在遥测系统中的应用研究

对LDPC编码技术和OFDM调制技术在PCM/FM遥测系统中的应用进行了研究,提出一类具有线性编码复杂度的QC LDPC码,建立LDPC OFDM的PCM/FM系统模型.仿真结果表明,把LDPC编码技术和OFDM调制技术结合起来应用于PCM/FM遥测系统中可以提高系统的可靠性和频带利用率,有利于高速率数据传输的实现.     

Multilevel coding for multiple-antenna transmission

The application of powerful coding for transmission over multiple-input/multiple-output channels is discussed. The authors emphasize that as an immediate consequence of the mutual information chain rule, multilevel coding (MLC) constitutes the optimum coded modulation scheme. On the other hand, simple bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) is only a convenient alternative for the case of two transmit and one receive antennas when combined with orthogonal space-time block codes. Starting from MLC, the authors further propose a hybrid coded modulation scheme, which favorably combines the advantages of MLC and BICM.     

Multiresolution broadcast for digital HDTV using jointsource/channel coding

The use of multiresolution (MR) joint source-channel coding in the context of digital terrestrial broadcasting of high-definition television (HDTV) is shown to be an efficient alternative to single-resolution techniques, which suffer from a sharp threshold effect in the fringes of the broadcast area. It is shown how matched multiresolution source and channel coding can provide a stepwise graceful degradation and improve the behavior, in terms of coverage and robustness of the transmission scheme, over systems not specifically designed for broadcast situations. The alternative available for multiresolution transmission through embedded modulation and error correction codes are examined. It is also shown how multiresolution trellis-coded modulation (TCM) can be used to increase coverage range. Coding results and simulations of noisy transmission are presented, and tradeoffs are discussed     

Evaluating the performance of turbo codes and turbo-codedmodulation in a DS-CDMA environment

Turbo codes have received great attention due to their outstanding performance. Unfortunately, a high performance is associated with large transmission delays, prohibiting an application for speech transmission. Hence, the aim of this paper is the comparison of turbo codes employing short interleavers with convolutional codes in terms of bit error rate performance and computational effort. Additionally, a pragmatic approach of bandwidth-efficient turbo-coded modulation is considered. Analyzing the structure of the transmitter and receiver, interesting results are presented concerning the design of the mapper. Furthermore, a new very simple soft-output demodulation algorithm is derived. In order to compare turbo codes with convolutional codes under realistic conditions, both are embedded in a direct sequence (DS) code division multiple access system. Besides this comparison, a compromise between a high coding gain (low code rate) and high direct-sequence spreading is worked out, including the consideration of the turbo-coded modulation scheme. Simulation results indicate that turbo codes with small block interleavers do not outperform conventional convolutional codes. Furthermore, it is shown that for coherent demodulation, low code rates and low DS spreading is superior to high code rates and high DS spreading     

Trellis-coded modulation with bit interleaving and iterativedecoding

This paper considers bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) for bandwidth-efficient transmission using software radios. A simple iterative decoding (ID) method with hard-decision feedback is suggested to achieve better performance. The paper shows that convolutional codes with good Hamming-distance property can provide both high diversity order and large free Euclidean distance for BICM-ID. The method offers a common framework for coded modulation over channels with a variety of fading statistics. In addition, BICM-ID allows an efficient combination of punctured convolutional codes and multiphase/level modulation, and therefore provides a simple mechanism for variable-rate transmission     

A New High Rate Differential Space-Time-Frequency Modulation for MIMO-OFDM

In this paper, we propose a new differential space-time-frequency （DSTF） modulation for MIMOOFDM system with four transmit-antennas and arbitrary receive-antennas, which can improve the transmission rate since it can adopt high order quadrature amplitude modulation （QAM） modulation. Our proposed DSTF scheme embeds some full diversity full rate （FDFR） quasi-orthogonal space-time codes （QOSTBC） with QAM modulation into the frequency intervals and adopts the differential modulation in both time and frequency domains. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DSTF scheme can improve transmission rate greatly. Compared with the conventional differential unitary space-time modulation （DUSTM）, it can get better transmission performance in high transmission rate for MIMO-OFDM system.     

Permutation modulation

A class of codes and decoders is described for transmitting digital information by means of bandlimited signals in the presence of additive white Gaussiau noise. The system, called permutation modulation, has many desirable features. Each code word requires the same energy for transmission. The receiver, which is maximum likelihood, is algebraic in nature, relatively easy to instrument, and does not require local generation of the possible sent messages. The probability of incorrect decoding is the same for each sent message. Certain of the permutation modulation codes are more efficient (in a sense described precisely) than any other known digital modulation scheme. PCM, ppm, orthogonal and biorthogonal codes are included as special cases of permutation modulation.     

一种脉冲间隔编码的实现方法

脉冲编码主要有重频编码、周期编码、脉冲间隔编码(PCM编码)及伪随机码4种码型样式,各种脉冲编码中脉冲间隔编码的应用最为广泛。文中以基础频率为5～50 Hz、1～12 bits可变码位的脉冲间隔编码为研究对象,对脉冲间隔编码的特点及生成机理进行分析,并通过实际的硬件、软件设计讨论其实现方法,最终给出几种脉冲间隔编码的输出结果。     

Investigation of signal-code structures based on 3D error-locating codes

The signal-code structures based on 3D generalized error-locating codes are investigated. Data transmission over a q-ary optical channel with erasure and errors of decoding and a channel using 64-level quadrature amplitude modulation is discussed. The theoretical estimates of the erroneous decoding probability, as well as simulation results, are presented.     

Concatenated space-time block coding with trellis coded modulation in fading channels

Trellis coded modulation (TCM) is a bandwidth efficient transmission scheme that can achieve high coding gain by integrating coding and modulation. This paper presents an analytical expression for the error event probability of concatenated space-time block coding with TCM which reveals some dominant factors affecting the system performance over slow fading channels when perfect interleavers are used. This leads to establishing the design criteria for constructing the optimal trellis codes of such a concatenated system over slow flat fading channels. Through simulation, significant performance improvement is shown to be obtained by concatenating the interleaved streams of these codes with space-time block codes over fading channels. Simulation results also demonstrate that these trellis codes have better error performance than traditional codes designed for single-antenna Gaussian or fading channels. Performance results over quasi-static fading channels without interleaving are also compared in this paper. Furthermore, it is shown that concatenated space-time block coding with TCM (with/without interleaving) outperforms space-time trellis codes under the same spectral efficiency, trellis complexity, and signal constellation.     

Phase/frequency modulation employing Reed Muller codes

A combined phase/frequency modulation technique employing Reed Muller (RM) codes is described. The performance of the combined coding and modulation RM code is presented. It is shown that this technique gives asymptotically ~4.8 dB coding gain in comparison with an uncoded transmission     

带宽有效传输的GF(q)上LDPC编码设计

以Davey(1998)提出的Monte-Carlo方法为基础的、适用于二进制PSK调制的二进制LDPC(Low-Density Parity-Check,低密度奇偶校验)码的最优化理论已经在相关文献中得到了验证。但由于q进制星座没有旋转对称性,因而限制了Davey的方法的应用。本文提出了应用在准正规编码类型上的一种有效的Davey型Monte-Carlo最优化编码设计方法。应用这种方法,可直接将GF(q)上的最优LDPC编码和任意的q进制调制结合起来,获得很高的带宽效率。本文采用MQAM和MPSK调制机制与准正规LDPC编码相结合的若干实例来论证该设计方法。     

串行级联LDPC码及其传输性能分析

提出了一种简化的LDPC译码算法,以减小译码算法的复杂度.以非规则LDPC码作为内码,串联一个高码率规则LDPC码作为外码,可降低或消除错误平层.将此串行级联LDPC码在M-QAM调制信道上进行了仿真分析,结果表明其性能优于RS码,可有效利用带宽,同时保证数据可靠传输.     

Codes for zero spectral density at zero frequency (Corresp.)

In pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) digital transmission systems line encoding is used for shaping the spectrum of the encoded symbol sequence to suit the frequency characteristics of the transmission channel. In particular, it is often required that the encoded symbol sequence have a zero mean and spectral density vanishing at zero frequency. We show that the finite running digital sum condition is a necessary and sufficient condition for this to occur. The result holds in particular for alphabetic codes, which are the most widely used line codes.