Analysis of Helix Slow Wave Structure for High Efficiency Space TWT

This paper describes the analysis of helix slow-wave structure (SWS) for a high efficiency space traveling wave tube that is carried out using Ansoft HFSS and CST microwave studio, which is a 3D electromagnetic field simulators. Two approaches of simulating the dispersion and impedance characteristics of the helix slow wave structure have been discussed and compared with measured results. The dispersion characteristic gives the information about axial propagation constant (Beta). Which in turn yields the phase velocity at a particular frequency. The dispersion and impedance characteristics can be used in finding the pertinent design parameters of the helix slow-wave structure. Therefore a new trend has been initiated at CEERI to use Ansoft HFSS code to analysis of the helix slow wave structure in its real environment. The analysis of the helix SWS for Ku-band 140W space TWT has been carried out and compared with experimental results, and found is close agreement.     

A Simple and Accurate Analysis of Conductivity Loss in Millimeter-Wave Helical Slow-Wave Structures

Electromagnetic field analysis of a helix slow-wave structure was carried out and a closed form expression was derived for the inductance per unit length of the transmission-line equivalent circuit of the structure, taking into account the actual helix tape dimensions and surface current on the helix over the actual metallic area of the tape. The expression of the inductance per unit length, thus obtained, was used for estimating the increment in the inductance per unit length caused due to penetration of the magnetic flux into the conducting surfaces following Wheeler’s incremental inductance rule, which was subsequently interpreted for the attenuation constant of the propagating structure. The analysis was computationally simple and accurate, and accrues the accuracy of 3D electromagnetic analysis by allowing the use of dispersion characteristics obtainable from any standard electromagnetic modeling. The approach was benchmarked against measurement for two practical structures, and excellent agreement was observed. The analysis was subsequently applied to demonstrate the effects of conductivity on the attenuation constant of a typical broadband millimeter-wave helical slow-wave structure with respect to helix materials and copper plating on the helix, surface finish of the helix, dielectric loading effect and effect of high temperature operation – a comparative study of various such aspects are covered.     

行波管电镀铜螺旋线高温处理后变色问题的实验分析

对行波管螺旋线电镀铜工艺进行了描述和分析,从实验上阐明了烧氢后螺旋线表面颜色变化的原因。实验分析表明,Ni-Cu合金化反应是导致颜色变化的主要原因,而合金化的结果使表面电导率、热导率大大降低,因此,电镀铜工艺不适合于行波管螺旋线的表面处理。在此基础上,对螺旋线镀铜工艺的其他技术方案进行了评述。     

螺旋线行波管慢波系统的综合热分析法

该文提出了一种研究螺旋线行波管慢波系统散热性能的综合分析方法。该方法以一定的预备实验为前提条件,利用理论公式推算出接触处的界面热阻率,使用仿真软件进行精确的模拟研究。该方法可以准确的反映慢波系统的散热性能,可以降低实验成本,节约材料,节省实验时间。通过对采用氧化铍夹持杆、氮化硼夹持杆和镀铜螺旋线的慢波组件的研究,验证了该方法的一致性和可行性。     

K频段自适应前馈行波管放大器设计

空间通信系统高保真转发对大功率行波管放大器的线性化度提出了更高的要求。针对高频段和大功率应用,基于预失真和前馈线性化技术,设计了一种K频段50 W自适应前馈线性化行波管放大器,介绍了其基本原理和参数,研究了前馈双检波电路结构及并行变步长的组合自适应控制算法。在K频段400 MHz带宽内,实现了输入功率20 dB大动态调整情况下失真信号自适应对消抑制,在相对于单载波饱和输出功率回退3 dB点,三阶交调小于-35 dBc,验证了前馈线性化技术在线性度改善方面的巨大优势。     

应用于行波管的新一代高压电源设计

介绍了一种应用于行波管的高压开关电源电路,采用降压电流馈入型全桥变换电路,可有效降低高压变压器漏感对效率的影响。试验结果证明该电路能达到高可靠、高效率的要求。     

Numerical design of a 100 W, 38 dB gain,W-band multi-section serpentine waveguide vacuum electronic TWT

The serpentine waveguide circuit is a robust beam-wave interaction circuit for W-band TWTs. Here presented the electromagnetic properties and design methodology for W-band multi-section SWG traveling wave tube. Cold-test (in absence of electron beam) numerical design performed theoretically and further optimized/validated with standard simulation code to predict the dispersion, interaction impedance, ohmic-loss and small-signal gain. Numerical simulation for the quarter wave transformer couplers with SWG circuit geometry shown the return-loss less than −20 dB for the 5% frequency band. Later, in systematic manner, hot-test (in presence of electron beam) numerical design performed for multi-section TWT by using standard particle-in-cell 3-D simulation code. The three section, 60 periods SWG TWT predicted peak radiation power 130 W at target frequency 94 GHz, 39.5 dB saturated gain, 5.3% instantaneous 3-dB frequency bandwidth, and 6.5% electronic efficiency.     

两种新型微波管慢波结构的高频特性仿真研究

慢波结构是微波管重要的部件,它是电子注与高频场相互作用进行能量交换以实现微波振荡或放大的场所。随着对微波管性能越来越高的要求,微波管慢波结构的效率和性能要求也随之提高。文中首先分析了如何求解微波管慢波结构的高频特性,并在此基础上使用了HFSS以及CST MWS等软件对两种新型微波管慢波结构(环杆慢波结构、折叠波导慢波结构)的高频特性(色散特性、耦合阻抗)进行了初步的仿真研究,并通过对结果的分析比较了两个结构的特性。     

行波管自动测试设备控制与保护系统

介绍了一种行波管自动测试设备控制与保护系统,系统采用工业控制计算机(简称工控机)作为主控平台,单片机电路作为实时控制与保护下位机,提供行波管高压电源所需的电压基准和调制器所需的定时信号,实现电路各项数据的采样保护.工控机软件采用Visual Basic语言编程,下位机软件采用C语言编程,软件结构模块化设计,通过友好的操作界面对行波管进行自动测试.     

Ka频段250 W连续波行波管发射机研究

针对应用需求,开展了以行波管为核心的发射机研究工作,研制的发射机增益＞70 dB,饱和输出功率达250 W以上,1 dB压缩点输出功率＞160 W,效率达40%,输出功率1 dB压缩点后退7 dB时,三阶交调-35 dB。