球磨机内部参数的三因素检测

利用三因素检测方法建立了球磨机外部响应(压力、声响、有用功率）与球磨机内部参数之间关系的数学模型，并对球磨机内部参数进行检测。研究结果表明，采用三因素检测方法能够根据球磨机的适时外部响应直接判断出球磨机内部参数的适时状态， 为球磨机的优化控制奠定了基础。     

球磨机有功功率和磨矿效率影响因素研究

通过对球磨机球料比、介质充填率和磨矿浓度与有功功率和磨矿效率试验,分析了影响球磨机功率和磨矿效率的主要因素,建立了球磨机内部状态（球料比、介质充填率和磨矿浓度）与外部参数（有功功率、磨矿效率）之间的关系,提出了改善磨矿效率的合理操作参数。在一定磨矿条件下磨机有功功率与磨矿效率有明显对应关系,而且是判断磨矿效率的重要参数之一。     

改进LSTM神经网络在磨机负荷参数软测量中的应用

球磨机是用于磨矿的高能耗设备,可靠测量其负荷对优化系统控制和节能降耗意义重大。针对传统磨机负荷参数软测量模型未考虑特征样本间的时间尺度信息,以及筒体振动和振声信号之间蕴含的潜在变量信息难以充分挖掘等问题,提出了基于改进长短时记忆(LSTM)神经网络的磨机负荷参数软测量方法。首先求取磨机筒体振动及振声信号的频谱,然后采用编码神经网络提取特征参数,并使用LSTM神经网络建立软测量回归模型对磨机负荷参数进行检测,最后在实验室小型球磨机上进行实验验证。实验结果表明,该方法具有较高的预测精度以及较好的稳定性。     

利用多元回归分析方法控制球磨机负荷稳定性

分析了影响球磨机负荷稳定性的主要因素,提出了用多元回归分析法控制球磨机负荷稳定性的方法,介绍了检测控制系统的组成。     

基于振动信号分析的球磨机工况检测技术的研究与应用

实时有效的检测球磨机的工作状态,使其稳定的运行在最佳工作点附近对于整个选矿流程的稳定和高效具有极其重要的意义。从系统组成、信号分析和实际应用三个方面,对基于振动信号分析的球磨机工况检测技术的研究与应用进行综合介绍。     

基于EDEM球磨机颗粒的分布与接触特性分析

球磨机是矿山机械中对物料进行粉碎与研磨的主要设备之一。根据球磨机的尺寸与物料的接触参数,采用EDEM软件建立了球磨机离散元计算模型,研究了在不同的物料填充率、转速率以及衬板数量时球磨机内部颗粒接触数占比、颗粒分布情况的变化规律,结果表明：随着填充率、转速率以及衬板数量的增加,球磨机的研磨效率均出现了先增大后减小的趋势。在转速率为75%~85%,填充率为15%~25%,衬板数量在12~16时,球磨机的研磨效率最佳,且改变衬板数量对球磨机内部颗粒的运动特性的影响较小。     

磨音影响因素分析与磨机负荷检测方法综述

介绍了磨机负荷与磨音、磨机电流的关系,简述了球磨机的发声机理,分析了球磨机填充率、筒体转速以及钢球大小等因素对磨音的影响,归纳总结了近年来磨机负荷的检测方法:基于数学模型的软测量方法、磨音法、振动法、功率法、超声波方法和基于神经网络的方法。最后指出多种测量技术融合、采用在线软测量技术及提高磨音电耳的抗噪声性能将是今后磨机负荷的检测发展方向。     

球磨机的动态建模研究

磨矿分级流程模拟仿真系统可实现各种操作条件下的产品粒度在线检测，为操作参数优化提供指导，而球磨机是磨矿分级回路的重要设备单元，因此球磨机的数学模型是该流程仿真系统的基础。借助磨矿动力学与物料平衡有关理论，分析现场实际运行参数与磨机功耗的关系，通过引入选择函数建立球磨机的动态数学模型，基于灰盒神经网络理论建立了磨机功耗预测模型，并利用Matlab的Simulink组件建立了仿真模型，对所建模型进行仿真分析。模型的效验与扰动试验验证了所建模型的有效性与合理性。     

球磨机技术改造经验浅谈

我公司是专门从事设计、制造矿山机械的综合性中型企 业。在对矿山普遍应用的球磨机的设计、改造及生产方面，积累了丰富的经验，除了已形成自己独特的球磨机系列外，还对老式球磨机进行了节能改造，现就有关情况，介绍如下。 １ 给料器的改进 过去球磨机多数采用勺头联合给料器供料，由于勺头粗笨且自重及偏心大，以及挖砂时与沉积矿砂的摩擦和冲击，使球磨机产生周期性的偏心负荷和冲击负荷，电动机在变负荷状态下运行，不仅容量增加且电流波动也大，呈现半周期加速、半周期减速的变速运动。这种周期性的偏心负荷和冲击负荷，对主轴承的磨…     

圆筒型旋流器在平衡两段闭路磨矿负荷中的应用

针对梅山铁矿选矿厂圆筒型旋流器在平衡2段闭路磨矿负荷中存在的不平衡问题,通过对圆筒型旋流器工作原理以及内部浆体流体力学的研究,确定了影响圆筒型旋流器的关键参数,同时结合圆筒型旋流器在生产实践中的应用,初步探索出随着圆筒型旋流器结构参数及工艺参数的变化,2段磨机之间的负荷变化情况,最终实践探索出了最佳的旋流器运行参数,改善了2段磨机负荷和磨矿效果,提高了磨矿效率和磨矿均匀性,使2段闭路磨矿系统处理量相对提高了近30个百分点,达到了预期改造的目的.     

Modeling the RTD of an industrial overflow ball mill as a function of load volume and slurry concentration

The role of residence time distribution (RTD) in the accuracy of milling simulation is well appreciated in literature. Accordingly, the development of models that can accurately predict the RTD at various mill operating conditions would be of considerable benefit to the milling industry. In this paper, a 3-parameter RTD model has been derived using the concept of serial stirred mixers with a dead zone. The model parameters were optimized by minimizing the error between experimental tracer response data and model predictions using a MATLAB algorithm. Based on the optimum values of the model parameters, the mean residence time of slurry was evaluated and the effects of ball load volume and slurry concentration examined. The results revealed that the mean residence time of slurry inside the mill is affected to a larger extent by slurry concentration than the ball load volume. An empirical correlation was developed to predict the mean residence time as a function of slurry concentration, ball load volume and slurry feed rate. Over the range of conditions investigated, the mean residence time was observed to vary linearly with slurry concentration and ball load volume but inversely with feed flow rate. Lastly, a test case of the simulated mill product size distribution using the predicted RTD is presented displaying a close match with experimental data.     

Optimisation of the secondary ball mill using an on-line ball and pulp load sensor – The Sensomag

The ball load and pulp load have a significant influence on the ball mill product size and production capacity. To improve the circuit performance at industrial scale these variables must be tweaked to levels where the plant can get grind and capacity benefits. In most grinding circuits the influence of these variables are not quantified because it is difficult to obtain precise measurements of the pulp load for an industrial scale mill and the conventional method of obtaining ball load measurements that involves crash stops is not attractive. A comprehensive investigation was performed on an industrial scale mill to quantify the effects of both ball and pulp load. A wide range of ball and pulp loads were tested and the findings are reported in this paper. The Sensomag, a sensor developed by Magotteaux, was used to obtain ball and pulp load measurements during the experimental work.     

基于检测球的球磨机磨矿介质运动试验分析

针对球磨机磨矿介质运动信息很难测量的问题,以Φ520mm×260mm试验球磨机为研究对象,基于设计的检测球装置分析了不同转速率工况下磨矿介质运动参数的变化规律,并提出了一种试验验证离散元仿真的方法。研究结果表明,检测球加速度主要介于0-3.3g,球磨机的转速率越大,加速度的波动范围越大,磨矿介质的冲击碰撞越明显;检测球角速度主要介于0-31rad/s,球磨机的转速率越大,角速度的波动范围越大,磨矿介质的研磨作用越明显;检测球试验与离散元仿真的单位质量转动动能累积分布基本一致,说明检测球试验验证离散元仿真是有效的。     

Experimental and simulated instrumented ball in a tumbling mill—A comparison

Tumbling mills play an essential role in modern mineral processing. Because of the nature of the mill, the internal forces make instrumentation of the mill interior difficult. One solution to this problem is the use of an instrumented ball. An instrumented ball, equipped with an accelerometer, rotation rate sensors and a temperature sensor has been built. The instrumented ball and a camera system are used to measure the state of the charge within a laboratory mill. In parallel, a discrete element model (DEM) of the laboratory mill is developed. Using the distributions and moments of the energy terms of the charge, the simulation and experimental results are analyzed and compared. The moments are used to tune the DEM, such that the simulation results are in agreement with the experimental results. The comparison also identifies which aspects require further improvement.     

Experimental analysis of wet mill load based on vibration signals of laboratory-scale ball mill shell

Real-time measurement of the mill load is the key to improve the production capacity and energy efficiency for the grinding process. In this paper, experimental analysis of the wet mill load based on the vibration signals of the laboratory-scale ball mill shell is presented. A series of experiments are conducted to investigate the vibration characteristics corresponding to different grinding conditions such as dry grinding, wet grinding and water grinding. The power spectral density of the vibration signals is systematically interpreted.Experimental results show that the rheological properties of the pulp affect the amplitude and frequency of the vibration signal. The most important conclusion is that the frequency range of the shell vibration of the laboratory wet mill can be divided into three parts, namely natural frequency band, main impact frequency band and secondary impact frequency band. Finally, soft-sensor models between vibration signal and mill operating parameters of mill load are established using genetic algorithm-partial least square (GA-PLS) technology. After more work on industry scale ball mill is done, the soft-sensor modeling based on the mill shell vibration for operating parameters of mill load will improve the performance of the ball mill in the grinding process.     

球磨机精确化装补球方法

用球径精确化理论改进现有选厂球磨机的装补球方法。新的装补球方法提高了磨机生产率及选别指标 ,并降低了球耗和电耗。工业试验证明 ,新方法效果显著且简单易行。     

管磨机料球筛析现象分析

以实现管磨机粉磨系统的优质高产低消耗为目标,在对多家水泥企业进行考察与实验的基础上,分析了管磨机中的料球筛析现象,讨论了管磨机料球筛析现象的形成原理和物料在前后仓的破碎研磨规律,探讨了管磨机出现"跑粗"现象的原因.在此基础上对管磨机研磨体级配、衬板形式、前仓最大球径、平均球径的确定等提出了建议,为优化管磨机工艺参数与结构参数提供参考.     

不同装球制度下球磨机产品粒度组成特性研究

研究了不同粒级的物料在不同的钢球尺寸作用下都存在一个最适宜球径 ,使得其产品粒度特性最好。在此基础上 ,研究了在不同装球制度下磨机产品粒度组成特性 ,得出只有采用与物料各级别相对应的适宜钢球配比组成的装球制度来磨碎 ,其产品粒度组成特性最好 ,为选矿厂根据入磨物料粒度组成而采用相适应的装球制度提供了理论依据