变形介质低渗透油藏的产能影响因素分析及合理压差的确定

实验表明低渗透油藏在渗流时存在启动压力梯度,有些低渗透油藏还具有介质变形的性质。因此在开发低渗透变形介质油藏过程中,启动压力梯度和岩石的强应力敏感性是必须考虑的基本特征。结合具有变形特性的低渗透油藏的产能公式分析产能的影响因素,并为高效地开发低渗油藏确定合理的生产压差。     

柴达木盆地H区路乐河组低渗透油藏油水互驱微观实验研究

为探讨低渗透油藏注水开发过程中油水互驱微观特征,以柴达木盆地H区路乐河组油藏为例,利用薄片观察、扫描电镜、物性分析及压汞实验等,开展油水互驱微观实验模拟综合研究。研究表明:该区储层物性较差,非均质性较强,岩石类型主要为岩屑长石砂岩和长石砂岩,储集空间以原生粒间孔隙为主,孔喉具有分布宽、分选较差、分布类型多且分散等特征。单相流体实验中原油在岩石内流动具有非达西渗流特征,启动压力梯度随渗透率的增加而降低,但相关性较差,增加压力梯度可使单相油渗流特征达到线性流。油驱水过程为非均匀驱替过程,油藏的微观非均质性强烈,原始含油饱和度较低;水驱油沿一两个通道快速突进,无水采油期短,水驱油效率低,增加压力可实现一定范围内增加水驱油效率,但效果并不明显;残余油主要有绕流形成的残余油、油膜残余油、边缘角隅的残余油等三种,其各自具有不同的形成机理。     

酒泉盆地窟窿山泥砾岩储层特征及成因研究

酒泉盆地青西油田泥砾岩储层中发育的次生孔隙和裂缝系统构成了油藏主要储集空间和渗流通道。储层综合评价及成因分析表明,泥砾岩储层中的次生溶孔和裂缝不但对储层储集性能有较大程度的改善,而且显著改善了储层渗流能力。成岩及构造作用的不均性使得储层物性特征差异悬殊。浊积扇砾石成分和粒径的变化是控制储层孔缝类型及其组合的主要因素。自生胶结物的溶蚀、交代以及碎屑颗粒的差异（选择性）溶蚀是提高储层物性的主要成岩作用。喜山构造作用形成的北西向逆断层对油气成藏控制作用明显,北东向调节断层进一步造成裂缝系统差异性发育。     

低渗油藏渗流特征及开发对策研究（增刊）

注入压力高、吸水能力下降快是低渗油藏注水开发面临的难题。通过分析深层低渗油藏压敏、水敏、油水粘度比、相渗等因素对渗流特征的影响,获得油藏开发过程中储层物性及流体渗流变化规律;利用油藏工程原理及数值模拟技术,研究了裂缝方位、注入量、渗透率及注水时机对裂缝扩张注水效果的影响,证明裂缝扩展注水技术能够大幅度提高低渗油藏采出程度。研究成果对 改善低渗油藏注水开发效果具有重要指导意义。     

低渗油藏渗流特征及开发对策研究:以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷M油藏为例

注入压力高、吸水能力下降快是低渗油藏注水开发面临的难题。通过分析深层低渗油藏压敏、水敏、油水黏度比、相渗等因素对渗流特征的影响,获得油藏开发过程中储层物性及流体渗流变化规律;利用油藏工程原理及数值模拟技术,研究了裂缝方位、注入量、渗透率及注水时机对裂缝扩张注水效果的影响,证明裂缝扩展注水技术能够大幅度提高低渗油藏采出程度。研究成果对改善低渗油藏注水开发效果具有重要指导意义。     

应用灰色模型的超低渗油藏产能评价

灰色模型是一种有较高预测精度、所需要的原始数据少、并且计算过程简单的方法,这种方法是对现有的数据进行生成、开发、并找出有价值的信息,达到对所研究系统的生产动态、规律等的正确评价和有效监控。超低渗油藏的渗流过程与一般油藏有很大的不同之处,低渗油藏在实际生产时的压差只有大于某一个数值的时候,流体在储层中才能流动,这说明低渗油层具有启动压力,其渗流过程是属于低速非线性渗流。通过对岩芯分析表明,这种现象与储层岩石的物性有关系。收集华庆地区元284井区长6储层基础数据进行初步分析,在全面认识储层的基础上,建立产能评价灰色模型。再应用Matlab和灰色模型相结合对特低渗储层进行产能评价计算,并对计算结果进行分析。     

低渗透油藏水平井试井分析及应用

水平井试井分析是水平井渗流理论的一个重要应用。为了高效开发低渗透油藏,最大限度地提高低渗透油藏的采收率,在前人理论基础上对低渗透水平井试井进行了详细研究,详尽分析了水平井试井的物理模型、数学模型、流动段的划分及其曲线特征,最后用低渗油田实测资料进行了验证。     

峰后破裂岩石加、卸载围压过程渗流特性的试验

针对岩石裂隙面因加、卸载围压环境而引起渗流特性的改变,采用自行研制的温度-应力-渗流多场耦合岩石三轴试验系统,开展峰后破裂岩石加、卸载围压过程的渗流试验,研究峰后岩石裂隙在不同围压加、卸载路径下的非线性渗流特征。为了量化裂隙岩石非线性渗流过程,采用Forchheimer公式对水力梯度与渗流流量之间的关系进行拟合分析,将峰后破裂岩石渗流过程划分为线性Darcy流阶段与非线性Darcy流阶段,引入非线性影响因子E,作为区分达西流与非达西流的临界点。对比加、卸载围压过程中相同渗透压力下的裂隙渗流流量与裂隙渗透性,分析产生渗流差异性的发生机制。研究表明:峰后破裂岩石在围压的加载过程中,其渗流主要表现为非线性特征,裂隙的渗透性随围压增大而逐渐减小。在高围压作用下,虽然裂隙面会产生一定程度的压缩闭合,但存在的少量张拉裂隙会逐渐扩展和连通,可能会引起峰后破裂岩石的渗透性发生改变。当围压从较高水平卸荷后,且裂隙面渗透压力处于较低水平下时,裂隙渗透性没有增加反而减小,表明裂隙面在加、卸载围压和过流冲刷的共同影响下发生了不可逆的变形,导致裂隙面开度的逐步降低。当围压卸载到与加载过程同一水平时,各级渗透压力下的渗流流量均大幅下降,表明裂隙面的渗流能力的恢复存在明显的滞后效应。     

砾岩油藏精细描述技术研究——以雁107断块为例

应用测井、井壁取心和地震叠前信息AVO反演等技术,精细研究砾岩油藏裂缝发育情况。并在沉积微相研究的基础上,结合裸眼测井解释资料,描述砾岩体的分布和隔夹层的变化,重塑了油藏模型。研究成果认为,雁107断块为块状底水砾岩油藏,在此认识基础上实施了注水方式的调整,取得了好的效果。     

大庆西部斜坡稠油渗流规律和增产潜力研究

在高性能实验设备基础上,通过流变性实验和岩芯流动实验,确定了西部斜坡稠油油藏地层流体的非线性渗流特征,但采取降粘措施后转变为线性渗流特征。结合降粘实验参数,采用CMG的STARS数值模拟器建立稠油油藏模型,评价化学降粘增产工艺的增产潜力,最终确定不同类型储层的增产潜力范围,增产潜力评价方法可以指导增产改造工艺优选。     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

China rare earth market review

正November 1~10,2014Chinese rare earth market was still inactive.Demand for rare earth products was weak.Consumers took a wait-and-see attitude for lower price.As it was an off season for rare earth products,it was expected that prices of rare earth could continue turbulence at the bottom in short terms.Due to a sharp drop,demand for rare earth from downstream recovered.Affected by new energy vehicles,wind powder and energy-efficient appliances,production of rare earth permanent     

China rare earth market review

正August 1~10,2014 There was some good news in rare earth industry recently.Restructuring plans of rare earth groups led by Baotou IronSteel Group and Xiamen Tungsten Group respectively have been approved by MIIT.And rare earth storage policy,which had been expected for a very long time,has been launched officially.Pushed by the good news,rare earth price started to rebound since August 5.Price of didymium oxide and dysprosium oxide rose about 1% to 2%,averagely.About 10% of     

China rare earth market review

正July 1~10,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industry and slow transactions,rare earth market remained weak and price of rare earth products continued to decline.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,     

New energy vehicle:an opportunity for rare earth magnets

<正>Extracted from Securities Guide 1.Popularity of new energy vehicles—an irresistible market trend1.1 Progress of new energy vehicles Chinese Premier Li Keqiang said recently on a visit to Xi'an BYD Autos that new energy vehicles,especially new energy bus,can lessen environment and noise pollution.He encouraged the use of new     

Brief news

正Corun invested another 50 million yuan in power battery for HEV Hunan Corun announced on 27 June that they had signed the cooperation agreement to jointly built Corun(Shaoxing)Autos Power Battery System Co.,Ltd.in Shaoxing Binhai New City.According to the announcement,total registered