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滤饼的孔隙结构是影响煤泥水过滤效果的关键因素,但煤泥滤饼孔隙结构测量中存在滤饼结构易损坏和煤颗粒与孔隙难区分的难题。为了深入研究煤泥水压滤滤饼孔隙结构特征,建立了煤泥滤饼固化装置与方法,利用偏光显微镜研究了入料中-0.074 mm粒级含量、过滤压力对煤泥滤饼孔隙结构的影响。结果表明:随着入料中-0.074 mm粒级含量增加,滤饼孔径、孔面积和孔隙率降低速率变缓,孔隙孔径分布范围变窄,孔隙构成中的小孔径孔隙所占比例增加,孔隙截面边界分形维数变大,滤饼孔隙截面边界更曲折,孔隙结构更复杂;煤泥水过滤压力增加主要压缩滤饼中的大孔径孔隙,过滤压力越大,滤饼孔隙压缩越严重,滤饼孔隙率越低,孔隙截面边界分形维数越大,滤饼孔隙边界越曲折,孔隙结构越复杂。 相似文献
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为了研究浓度和粒度对细粒煤滤饼结构的影响,对不同条件下的细粒煤进行真空过滤脱水,并采用电子显微镜和计算机图像处理技术对形成的滤饼进行孔隙结构分析,得到滤饼的孔隙率和分形维数,结合过滤速度、滤饼水分和干滤饼密度分析滤饼结构对过滤脱水的影响规律。结果表明:随着煤浆浓度的增加,滤饼的孔隙率减小,从而使过滤速度减小,滤饼水分和密度增大。同一滤饼从底层到上表面,孔隙率减小,分形维数增大。同时物料粒度越细,滤饼分形维数越大,孔隙率越小,特别是当粒度为-0.045mm时,滤饼孔隙率只有5%左右,给细粒煤过滤脱水带来了很大的困难。 相似文献
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通过真空过滤试验考察了颗粒粒度对过滤速度的影响,使用X射线计算机断层扫描技术获取滤饼的微观结构细节,分析颗粒性质对滤饼孔隙结构的影响,并对孔隙度、孔径分布、连通性、迂曲度等一系列关键孔隙结构参数进行了定量表征。结果表明:当平均粒径从10μm增加到60μm时,其过滤速度明显增大,滤饼多孔介质的孔隙率由41.15%增大到50.27%,孔隙平均直径从19.27μm增大到31.15μm。此外,入料颗粒粒度较细时,滤饼孔隙连通性较差,流体运移的路径明显减少,导致过滤脱水困难。而且随着颗粒粒度的增大,滤饼孔隙的迂曲度显著下降,滤液通过滤饼孔道的阻力也随之减小,从而改善过滤效果。 相似文献
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建立滤饼复杂微观孔隙结构特征与宏观渗流行为的相关关系是解决煤泥脱水困难的重要基础。为了真实、精确、直观地表征滤饼孔隙结构特征并建立其孔-渗关系模型,选取煤泥复杂组分中的精煤、石英、高岭石和蒙脱石4种主要矿物为研究对象,分别对其进行加压过滤试验并对其滤饼样品进行CT扫描成像,构建三维数字滤饼并提取孔隙网络模型,最终实现了滤饼孔隙结构的三维显示和定量表征,深入对比分析了经典KC方程和双重分形渗透率模型在滤饼渗透率计算方面的局限性,基于分形理论、Hagen-Poiseulle定律和Darcy定律,结合低场核磁共振技术引入束缚水饱和度和孔隙形状分形维数,对现有分形渗透率模型进行修正,建立了滤饼微观渗透率预测模型,结果表明:煤泥滤饼中矿物成分非常复杂,各个矿物所形成的滤饼具有明显的特征差异,精煤和石英脱水效果最佳,精煤滤饼的孔径分布以大孔为主,但内部存在一定量的孤立小孔,连通性一般,孔隙迂曲度最低,石英滤饼孔隙率最大,连通性最高,但迂曲度较大;蒙脱石和高岭石所形成的滤饼,孔隙数量极少,而且多由10μm以下的细孔所组成,迂曲度较大,连通性也较差,脱水十分困难;煤泥滤饼以狭窄条状分布为主,且孔径较小... 相似文献
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为了解决煤泥水过滤速度慢、滤饼水分高和卸饼难的问题,基于滤饼孔隙结构的调控,提出了煤泥水分段过滤的工艺。利用煤泥水过滤装置和煤泥滤饼孔隙测量装置,研究了煤泥水分段过滤对滤饼水分、成饼时间、脱水速率和滤饼孔隙结构的影响。研究结果表明:与混合过滤相比,煤泥水分段过滤的滤饼水分低、成饼时间短和脱水速率大,且随着煤泥中-0.074 mm粒级含量的增加,煤泥水分段过滤对滤饼水分、成饼时间、脱水速率的影响先快速增加,达到最大后降低,影响最大的位置在-0.074 mm粒级含量20%~40%;煤泥水分段过滤减少了-0.074 mm粒级对大孔隙的填充,导致滤饼中孔径小于4μm的孔隙含量变化不大,孔径4~50μm的孔隙含量显著减少,孔径大于50μm的孔隙含量明显增大,滤饼的孔隙率增大。 相似文献
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气压过滤的降水机理研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
详尽介绍了气压过滤在压气吹干阶段的脱水机理,研究结构表明,压气吹干对降低滤饼水分是有效的,其降水机理主要有:空气置换作用,界面作用和压缩作用,不同粒度物料所需的最佳吹干条件不同,应根据实验确定。 相似文献
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针对离心过滤和机械压滤过程中煤粒成饼机理的差异,采用分层取样法分析对比了煤泥离心过滤与机械压滤两种不同过滤方式形成的滤饼内部的粒度及水分分布特点,基于沉降理论探讨了离心过滤和机械压滤的成饼过程,并分析了入料级配对离心过滤过程中滤饼粒度分布的影响。结果表明:机械压滤形成的滤饼中,颗粒粒度和滤饼水分沿滤饼厚度的方向无显著变化,而离心过滤形成的滤饼中,颗粒粒度和滤饼水分沿滤饼厚度的方向存在较大变化,距离滤网越近,滤饼层颗粒的平均粒度越粗、水分越低;入料级配对离心过滤的滤饼层粒度的径向分布及脱水效果影响显著,随着入料平均粒度的减小,上述径向分布差异呈现缩小的趋势;沿着滤饼厚度的方向,压滤滤饼中的过滤比阻分布是相对均匀的,在理论分析中可近似为常数,而离心过滤的滤饼层的过滤比阻分布具有非均匀性,影响比阻分布的因素具有复杂性。 相似文献
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《Minerals Engineering》2003,16(2):135-144
In solid–liquid separation the knowledge of solids packing structure is important to control permeability and dewaterability. In particular, cakes formed in filtration are often represented by the composition in coarse and fine particles. In this work cakes were modelled by mixing a bed of coarse (spheres) and fine (kieselguhr of three types and kieselgel) particles with a wide size distribution, in order to obtain beds with different proportions of plate and rod-like particles. Size ratio of glass beads to kieselguhr particles were in the range 23–30. Porosity and permeability were measured for a range of large particle fraction in the mixture from 0 up to 1.0. The fractional porosity of each particle fraction was introduced as a parameter. The approach proposed in this work was also successfully applied to different published filtration data. It was found that (1) the presence of more than 10% of fines in the coarse granular bed significantly reduces the cake permeability; (2) to improve cake permeability the volume fraction of filter aid in suspension must be at least 50–60% of total solid volume; (3) obtained data may be used to control the porosity of a mixture, if the fractional porosity of large and small particles is known or to estimate mixture tortuosity. 相似文献
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滤饼的可压缩性与滤饼比阻的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在对表层过滤特性和沉降的关系进行深入研究的基础上,明确了滤饼都是可压缩性的,其可压缩性分为两大类:滤饼中的颗粒位移或迁移和团聚颗粒的变形,由于它们被压缩机理不同,所以与有关因素的关系也不同,分析和论述了主要关系。 相似文献
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This paper presents a DEM study of cake formation and growth in sedimentation and filtration processes with constant flow rate or pressure. The liquid flow is assumed to be one-dimensional and the motion of particles is three-dimensional. Various forces are included to determine the motion of particles, including the particle–particle contact forces, the van der Waals force and the particle–fluid interactions such as buoyancy, drag and lift forces. The effects of the material properties of particles and liquid and the operational conditions are examined. The structures of cakes are also analysed and the relationship between cake porosity and interparticle force is quantified. The microscopic analysis demonstrates that these variables affect the process and the cake structures through their effects on the gravity or cohesive force, which competes in controlling the formation of a cake. 相似文献
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《Minerals Engineering》2006,19(10):1084-1097
A computer model was developed to simulate the cake formation and growth in cake filtration at an individual particle level. The model was shown to be able to generate structural information and quantify the cake thickness, average cake solidosity, filtrate volume, filtrate flowrate for constant pressure filtration or pressure drop across the filter unit for constant rate filtration as a function of filtration time. The effects of particle size distribution and key operational variables such as initial filtration flowrate, maximum pressure drop and initial solidosity were examined based on the simulated results. They are qualitatively comparable to those observed in physical experiments. The need for further development in simulation was also discussed. 相似文献
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煤炭浮选过程中,滤饼水分严重影响了煤泥质量。为了降低滤饼水分含量,分析了加压过滤机入料的粒度组成,研究了不同压滤压力、压滤时间、入料浓度对煤泥水脱水效果的影响,并进行了压滤动力学分析。试验结果表明,加压过滤机入料中-0.074 mm粒级含量为70.42%,不利于煤泥水的脱水;煤泥水脱水速率随压滤压力增大而增大;在压滤压力为0.3 MPa、压滤时间为120 s、入料浓度为400 g/L的最佳条件下,滤饼水分可降至22.60%。此试验结果为选煤厂煤泥水压滤脱水工艺优化提供了数据支撑。 相似文献