基于语料库的英语同义词搭配行为对比研究——以Gain & Obtain为例

用语料库研究方法,从两个层面三个角度对英语同义词gain,obtain在中国学习者语料库和本族语语料库中的搭配行为进行对比发现:在本族语语料库中,同义词的搭配模式存在很大差异;中国英语学习者在使用中没有体现出这些差异,在类联接、搭配词及语义韵方面均与本族语有显著差异.本研究对英语词汇教学有一定的启示作用.     

大学生英语写作中的语义韵问题

语义韵体现了单词与语法之间的微妙关系,它把看似不相关的词汇与语法紧密联系在一起.将中国大学生英语写作中节点词语义韵倾向与本族语语料库中的语义韵倾向进行分析和比较,可以发现并总结出大学生写作中的语义韵问题,从而引起英语教学界对该问题的重视.     

基于语料库的中国英语学习者口语词汇习得研究——以yet为例

基于英语学习者和英语本族语者语料库的研究,采用中介语对比分析的方法,对比分析了英语学习者和英语本族语者在口语中使用yet时的差异,探讨产生差异的原因以及语料库的使用对口语教学的影响.     

中介语语篇中的逻辑连接词使用研究述评

逻辑衔接混乱,文章连贯性差是二/外学习者在写作过程中遇到的主要问题.综观近三十年来众多学者在这一问题上的研究成果可见,以往的研究多是利用计算机辅助分析的方法对学习者语料库和本族语者语料库进行对比,得出有关学习者过度使用或错误使用逻辑连接词的大量数据及实例.本文认为在逻辑连接词使用方面还存在以下问题有待进一步研究,即同等语言水平分析多,不同水平分析少;数据描述多,数据解释不充分;定量分析多,定性分析少;整体描述多,个别分析少等.     

大学英语写作中词块运用研究

本文依托Nattinger和DeCarrico的词块理论,采用对比分析方法,以某高校30篇作文为样本,分析了高分组与低分组学生的词块使用频率以及使用相同功能词块的差异,旨在提出一些促进大学英语写作教学的建议.     

基于词块教学法的词块练习设计

词块教学法是符合人类认知规律的一种行之有效的教学方法,代表着一种新的教学理念.本文专注于基于词块教学法的词块练习设计.本文提出了10种练习设计方案,并且指出了各练习方案所适用的词块类别.     

词块理论下改进英语口语教学的策略

将词块理论应用于英语口语教学,针对教学中存在的问题,从词块输入、真实词块语料的接触、词块产出,以及词块语用功能的利用四个方面提出四点策略,以提高大学生的口语能力,为改进英语口语教学提供参考.     

摒弃"模板"尝试"词块"——大学英语写作教学的有效切入点

从实践角度对模板作文进行了批判,并对词块在大学英语教学的有效性进行了探究,提出在大学英语写作教学中应该尝试以"词块"为主线的教学法.     

论模糊限制语使用的差异——基于COLSEC与COCA的对比分析

文章通过中国学习者英语口语语料库(COLSEC)和美国当代英语语料库(COCA)中的口语子库进行比较,研究中国学习者在英语口语中使用常用模糊限制语的主要特征.经统计检验发现:中国学习者与本族语使用者在模糊限制语的使用上存在显著差异.在程度变动模糊限制语的使用上存在多用和少用两种倾向,而范围变动模糊限制语的使用呈现明显不足的趋势.在缓和型模糊限制语里中国学生偏向超用语气强烈的情态模糊限制语,而直接缓和模糊限制语的表达方式缺乏多样性,对间接模糊限制语中的口语体词语与书面语体词语的使用混淆不清.本文分析解释了形成这些显著差异的原因,对英语口语教学有一定的启示意义.     

基于语料库对relatior和relationship用法的研究

本文运用语料库的方法对比研究中国大学生与英语为母语的国家中relation以及relationship的使用特点.研究结果表明:1)中国大学生在relation和relationship的使用上较之英语为母语的使用者而言,过多的使用relationship一词.2)中国大学生过多的使用relation between A and B以及relationship with sb/sth这两个短语.3)荚语母语使用者更常用relation…to…这一短语,而中国大学生更常用relation between A and B.4)对relationship的使用,英语母语者常用relationship between A and B这一短语,而中国大学生在使用relationship一词时,与之搭配的介词比较多,除了between之外,用with的情况也比较多.这一研究又一次为语料库语言学对于语言学习的帮助提供了佐证,同时也为语言教学提供了一些启示,即在进行近义词的学习时,母语学习者的用法习惯也是非常重要的.了解这一点可以帮助学习更为地道的语言.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Concept of freedom of infection of animal flocks

Totally negative results of epidemiological investigation of random samples do not prove the absence of the infection as the pathogen may be restricted to only a few animals in the herd for a long time. The statement "absence of infection" is critical for such situations. The question is raised, whether the statement "absence of infection" should be generally avoided. Classification of herds and flocks according to the prevalence of the pathogen would be more valid for the implementation of control measures.     

显微维氏硬度测量不确定度评定

对显微维氏硬度测量不确定度进行评定，建立了不确定度计算的数学模型，确定了影响实验结果的各项因素，计算出了各因素的标准不确定度，得出结果的扩展不确定度，并给出最终测量结果的表达式。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.