关于进一步深化农村综合改革若干问题的理性思考

我国农村综合改革已进入极为关健的时期.为今后更加积极、稳妥地推进农村改革进程,农村综合改革中有三个重要问题需要进一步探讨:首先是深化农村综合改革的逻辑基点;其次是深化农村综合改革的方向定位;最后是深化农村综合改革应该遵循的一般性原则及特殊性原则.     

安徽农村综合改革实效性的评价体系建构

以安徽省农村综合改革实效性和评价标准为视角,结合国内外、省内外相关地区的经验,剖析了新一轮农村综合改革的必要性以及改革理念与目标宗旨,借以考察改革中的主要政策举措的实效性,科学建构并全面评价了农村综合改革成效的指标体系.结果表明,通过6个1级指标、23个2级指标、106个3级指标的量化处理建构的指标体系,既能检测某一单项改革(如农村义务教育改革)的实效性,同时又可以进行综合改革实效性的总体评价.     

浅谈农村改革发展综合试验区建设中农村资金投入农村社会保障工作的创新

自农村改革发展综合试验区在信阳开展试点以来,全市上下齐心,积极开展工作。河区采取多种举措,先行先试,大胆创新农村的资金投入体制机制,有力地促进了全区农村改革发展试验区建设,创建了全省首家金融服务大厅,其主要做法受到省委书记徐光春．副省长刘满仓及市委,市政府主要领导的肯定,并被省委办公厅,市委、市政府办公室典型报道。     

从扶贫资金结构分析贵州省农村公共服务不足

实施公共服务是农村改革的新政策,能够使农民能够得到教育,医疗,设备等公平的服务.而这些服务都需要政府的扶持和资金的供应,所以说资金对于发展农村的公共服务.乃至提高农民综合的生活水平是至关重要的.本文从贵州省扶贫资金结构来分析农村公共服务的不足.     

"云浮模式":我国农村发展的第三条道路

农民进了城,"洗脚上岸""搬家上楼"之后,谁来务农?农村怎么办?广东省云浮市的农村综合改革模式被认为是有别于"珠三角"和"长三角"的农村发展第三条道路.4月26日,在北京举行的"云浮模式"新闻发布会上,中国农村研究院院长徐勇教授指出,云浮的经验不仅适用于地方,而且具有全国推广的普遍意义.     

农小语文课程资源的开发与利用

随着新一轮课程改革热浪的冲击,开发与利用课程资源就成了当前教育教学的重要任务.农村小学的资源不及城镇学校优越,但同时也具有一些城市学校不具备的优势,语文教师如何发挥地区优势、充分开发和利用课程资源,提高学生的语文综合素养是农村小学语文课改中一个值得探究的课题.     

加强农村师范生大学物理实验创新能力培养的探讨

针对多数农村师范生实验技能较弱的情况,通过改革传统的大学物理实验教学,建立新的实验教学体系,采用启发式、讨论式教学方法,增加实验室开放,采用新的实验考核办法,使学生实验技能得以锻炼,实验综合素质得以提高,培养了其实验创新能力.     

农村公共医疗卫生事业的自主多元化探索——以河南濮阳县西辛庄村的民生医院为例

农村公共卫生医疗体制的改进与完善是我国医疗体制改革的重点和难点,也是解决当前"三农"问题的一个重要环节.这个问题的解决需要新的改革发展思路,要结合农村地区的实际社会经济状况探索新的道路.河南省濮阳市西辛庄村创办的民生医院就是立足农村现实而进行的农村公共医疗创新实践,并在总体上取得了成功,具有重要的现实意义.通过对西辛庄民生医院发展现状的综合考察、分析,有助于我们深刻认识现阶段我国农村基层医疗卫生事业存在的问题,思考其合理、有效的解决之道.     

浅谈农村中小学音乐教育的现状与改善对策

随着我国中小学音乐课程改革的不断深入,一个突出的问题出现在我们面前：那就是在我国教育事业蒸蒸日上,不断提倡素质教育的同时,农村中小学音乐确成为我国中小学音乐课程改革及素质教育工作整体推进的＂瓶颈＂,其主要原因为：社会各层对农村音乐教育还不够重视,农村中小学专职音乐教师稀缺,师资力量非常薄弱,教学设施落后,学生差异性过大,这些不利因素直接影响着我国音乐课程改革的顺利实施,也严重制约了素质教育在农村中小学校的深化,本文通过笔者对我国农村中小学教育的现状进行实地调查研究,对我国农村中小学教育现状进行分析与阐述,     

面向流域治理的农村"费补共治"型环境政策研究——以白洋淀为例

随着农村环境问题日渐突出,生态脆弱的流域农村环境治理更应重视,针对农村污染特点的农村环境政策手段比其他治理手段更强有力.首先提出面向流域治理的农村环境政策制定的必要性,并分析了白洋淀流域农村环境污染的特点;然后提出了由政府、农民和第三方合作的"费补共治"型政策的制定思路,对收费要适度、奖补要充分的原则进行了经济分析;在调研的基础上,设计了流域农村环境政策综合评价指标体系,采用综合指数法进行综合评价,对不同类型村庄进行了政策对比分析;最后提出实施面向流域的"费补共治"型农村环境政策的保障措施.     

重庆高校推进产学研合作的案例分析

以重庆大学、重庆邮电大学和重庆理工大学为例,剖析重庆高校推进产学研合作的基本模式,已经取得的突出成绩,分析总结其基本经验.从完善政策法规体系、强化经济调控、建立组织机构、加强中介建设及开展国际产学研合作等方面,提出了深入推进重庆高校产学研合作的对策建议.     

Benzimidazole resistance in cyathostomes in horses in the Ukraine

The efficacy of treatment with cambendazole was tested in 1-year-old horses on a farm in Dubrovka, Ukraine. Thirty-five horses were treated. Their egg output was compared on the day of treatment and 14 days later with that of 33 untreated horses. Before treatment the mean number of eggs g-1 faeces was 614 in the controls and 766 in horses that had been treated. After 14 days the mean egg output in the controls was 580 and in the treated horses 369. This means a reduction of 54.5%. Only cyathostome larvae could be cultured from faeces collected after treatment. It can be concluded that benzimidazole resistance in cyathostomes is present in the Ukraine.     

Apoptosis in experimental myocardial infarction in situ and in the perfused heart in vitro

We report the appearance of apoptotic cells in experimental myocardial infarction (rabbit heart) in in situ and in vitro preparations. Apoptosis was recognized by intravital staining with Hoechst 33342 (Ho342), by nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and by DNA laddering. A steady rise in the relative number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes (apoptotic index) was noted in in situ preparations. Apoptosis was first noted 6 h after the onset of ischemia with its highest value occurring after 72 h. Apoptotic nuclei were absent in remote areas of the left and right ventricles. Apoptotic nuclei within the infarcted area showed diminished intensity of Ho342 fluorescence. Three days after ischemia, a border zone adjacent to the infarcted area consisting of apoptotic macrophages was recognized. A novel finding was the appearance of apoptotic cardiomyocytes in the isolated perfused ischemic heart. Occurring as early as 50 min after the onset of ischemia, a high apoptotic index was present adjacent to the ligature placed around the coronary artery. This observation provides the opportunity to selectively examine factors leading to apoptosis in the ischemic heart under controlled experimental conditions.     

Fractures in childhood in Khartoum

A prospective study of fractures in 231 children received at Khartoum North Teaching Hospital(KNTH) was carried out for a period of six months. The incidence of child fracture rated as one per day, then it increased from the age of 5 years onwards in boys and between 6 and 8 years in girls. Most injuries were sustained during the day time, especially between late afternoon and sunset. 82% of injured children presented to a medical facility, while 18% were taken to native healers first. Non-road traffic accidents accounted for 84% of the fractures mainly due to sports, domestic injuries and falls; whereas road traffic accidents were 16% and occurred mainly in pedestrians. Forty three percent of the fractures needed only first aid and splintage while 42% needed closed reduction. Thirty one percent of all patients were treated as inpatients. The long bones were affected in 91% of all fractures, the commonest site being the distal end of the forearm (26%), followed by supracondylar fracture of the humerus (15.6%). In the upper limb, left-sided fractures predominated. The epiphyseal injuries were 3.5% of all fractures, mainly at the distal radial epiphysis. Boys were commonly affected between 13-15 years of age. Open fractures constituted 9.8% of the series and were mainly due to traffic accidents in town dwellers, the most vulnerable bones were those of the leg and foot. Pathological fractures accounted for 2.2% and were due to bone cysts and osteogenesis imperfecta. The problem of child safety and the preventive measures need to be more stressed.     

Heatstroke in runners in Oklahoma

It is a common opinion that general surgery is the first step for whoever approaches a surgical discipline, and that whoever practices training in general surgery should learn the rudiments of each surgical branch. The role of microsurgery in the training of the general surgeon has not been well-established. Clinical applications of microsurgery in general surgery are few and are rarely required, and have been connected strictly to restricted indications. However, we think that microsurgery could be very useful to the general surgeon because it allows the execution of experimental research on rats, the only possibility permitted by law. In these studies the microsurgeon can perform many times and in a short time the same surgical operation, thus improving his skill, and easily getting familiarity with surgical instruments and sutures.