Industrial Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of P-RE Weathering Steel

 The corrosion behavior of low carbon steel (CS), P bearing steel (PS) and P RE weathering steel (P REWS) exposed for two years in Jiangjin of China was investigated. The results showed that during 2 year exposure test, corrosion data of the experimental steels followed the bilogarithmic equation, and the average corrosion depth of PS and P REWS was decreased by 195% and 282% respectively compared with that of CS. Scanning electron microscope, electrochemical impedance spectroscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope were used to characterize the corrosion products. The research results showed that P in steel could promote the formation of an amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide layer near the substrate. The addition of RE could effectively increase the charge transportation resistance of rust.     

Preparation of Y-H3PW12O40/TiO2 and La-H3PW12O40/TiO2 by hydrothermal method and its photocatalytic activity for dinitrotoluene decomposition

A series of mesoporous materials （H3PW12O40/TiO2, Y-H3PW12O40/TiO2 and La-H3PW12O40/TiO2） were prepared by a modified sol-gel-hydrothermal route, which realized the load and modification of H3PW12O40 at the same time. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum （UV-Vis） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The XRD and FT-IR results displayed that the catalysts had uniform anatase phase and the primary Keggin structure of H3PW12O40 remain intact. Nitrogen ad-sorption-desorption analysis suggested that suitable doping of rare earth elements could increase the specific surface area from 177.9 m2/g （H3PW12O40/TiO2） to 229.5 （1 wt.%Y-H3PW12O40/TiO2） or 236.1 m2/g （1 wt.%La-H3PW12O40/TiO2）. Results of UV-Vis spectra showed that the band of the 1 wt.%Y-H3PW12O40/TiO2 and 1 wt.%La-H3PW12O40/TiO2 have an obvious redshift compared with the H3PW12O40/TiO2. Additionally, the composites were used as heterogeneous photocatalysts to the degradation of dinitrotoluene （DNT）. It is the first time that polyoxometalate （POM） is applied in the degradation of explosive wastewater.     

Synthesis and photocatalytic performance of europium-doped graphitic carbon nitride

Europium-doped graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized by an easy method and characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy （UV-Vis DRS）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, photolu- minescence spectra （PL） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The effect of dopant concentration on the rate of photocata- lytic degradation was investigated through degrading methylene blue aqueous solution. The results indicated that the europium-doped samples all possessed increased photocatalytic activity and the optimal europium content was 0.38 wt.%. Moreover, a possible photo- catalytic mechanism for the europium-doped graphitic carbon nitride was proposed.     

Moderate concentration of citric acid for the formation of LaMn03 and LaCo03 nano-perovskites

Stoichiometric LaMnO3 and LaCoO3 nanoparticles were synthesized via calcination of a dried solution, containing molar ratio of La（NO3）3＋6H20/[Mn（NO3）2-4H20 or Co（NO3）2-6H20]=1 and citric acid as disperser at temperature range of 600-900 ℃for 5 h. The role of organic additive concentration, which was 0.0, 1.0, 2.5 and 5 times of the total number of moles of the nitrate ions, was investigated on phase formation, morphology, extent of crystallization and particle size of the products. Products were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and Wansmission elec- tron microscopy （TEM） analysis. The tendency of lanthanum ion toward manganese cation was observed to be more than to cobalt cation for the formation of LaBO3 （B： Mn or Co） perovskite phase. A spongy product was formed on perovskite phase formation or in the pres- ence of citric acid. A constructive or destructive effect was observed for the organic disperser on perovskite phase formation, which de- pended on mole of the citric acid.     

La和Ce对两种细菌抗性的影响及其细胞壁的红外光谱分析

研究了稀土元素对细菌抗性及细胞壁结构的影响。用抑菌圈法测定了硝酸镧和硝酸铈对枯草芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌抗性的影响,并用傅里叶变换红外光谱研究了细菌细胞壁的结构。适当浓度(150 mg/L~200 mg/L)硝酸镧和硝酸铈可以缩小这两种细菌对0.135%升汞、9%苯酚、75%乙醇和80万单位/毫升青霉素溶液的抑菌圈,抑菌圈变小表明细菌抗性增强,红外光谱显示硝酸镧和硝酸铈影响了酰胺的C=O伸缩振动(称酰胺Ⅰ峰),表明细菌细胞壁肽聚糖结构受到了影响。细菌抗性的改变可能与细胞壁肽聚糖结构受到影响有关。     

Preparation of Nd_2O_3 nanorods in SDBS micelle system

Well-crystallized Nd2O3 nanorods were prepared in the aqueous solution containing neodymium nitrate, sodium hydroxide（dissolved in ethanol） and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（SDBS）. One dimensional nanorods of neodymium hydroxide were synthesized first, which was then placed at different temperatures（600 and 800 ℃） in a calcar for 10 h to form Nd2O3 nanorods. The morphology and crystal structure of the products were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, field emission transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrometry. By using SDBS micelles as a template, this method manufactured uniform morphology of hexagonal one-dimensional neodymium oxide nanorods with a diameter ranging from 20 to 70 nm. The length of the nanorods increased with prolonged reaction time.     

极薄氧化物/6H-SiC结构的电学和光学性质研究

研究了湿化学法（120 ℃硝酸氧化,还有低温湿法氧化过程和高温退火组合）制备的极薄氧化物/6H-SiC结构的电学和光学性质。用深能阶暂态光谱学（电荷版）分析了电界面性质,用傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱考察了极薄氧化物/6H-SiC结构的光学性质。发现界面缺陷结构的强转换依赖于应用的技术条件。     

Structural and electrical transport properties of a rare earth double perovskite oxide：Ba2ErNbO6

The double perovskite oxide barium erbium niobate,Ba2ErNbO6(BEN) was synthesized by solid state reaction technique.Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction pattern of the sample showed cubic(Fm3m) phase at room temperature.Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed two primary phonon modes of the sample at around 387 and 600 cm–1.Raman spectrum of the sample taken at 488 nm excitation wavelength showed four primary strong peaks at 106,382,747 and 814 cm–1.Lorentzian lines with 10 bands were used to fit the Raman spectrum.A group theoretical study was performed to assign all the Raman modes.Impedance spectroscopy was applied to investigate the ac electrical conductivity of BEN in a temperature range from 303 to 673 K and in a frequency range from 100 Hz – 1 MHz.The dielectric relaxation mechanism was discussed in the frame work of permittivity,conductivity,modulus and impedance formalisms.The complex plane plot of the impedance data was modeled by an equivalent circuit consisting of two serially connected R-CPE units,(one for the grain and the other for the grain boundary),each containing a resistor(R) and a constant phase element(CPE).The R-CPE units were used to incorporate the non-ideal character of the polarization phenomenon instead of an ideal capacitive behaviour.The relaxation time corresponding to dielectric loss was found to obey the Arrhenius law with activation energy of 0.85 eV.The frequency dependent conductivity spectra followed the Jonscher power law.The Cole-Cole model was used to investigate the dielectric relaxation mechanism in the sample.     

Optical property of SmAlO3 applied as 1.06μm laser absorbing material

SmAlO3 powders were successfully synthesized through the citrate sol-gel combustion method. The phase evolution of the prepared powders were characterized using thermal gravimetric （TG） analysis, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. X-ray diffraction （XRD） was applied to examine the purity of the powders. The re-flective properties of SmAlO3 with changing temperatures were investigated by ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer （UVPC） specular reflection spectrum. The results displayed that pure SmAlO3 phase with preferable reflectivity at 1.06μm could be obtained at 900 oC for 2 h. Furthermore, the reflectivity of SmAlO3 at various temperatures from-40 to 500 oC transformed within ±0.1%, and all maintained below 1%at 1.06μm. The absorbance of SmAlO3 in the resin solution was 2.134 and the moral absorption coefficient was about 384.8 in the work. The study indicated that SmAlO3 powders may be a promising kind of heat resistant absorb-ing material for 1.06μm laser defense, which could be further applied to laser absorbing coatings with a wide range of temperatures.     

化学组分对微波合成堇青石-铁氧体基红外复合陶瓷结构与性能的影响

以堇青石(Mg2Al4Si5O18)、Fe2O3、MnO2、CuO和Co2O3为原料,通过微波加热合成堇青石-铁氧体基红外复合陶瓷材料,利用X射线衍射、红外光谱仪、热重-差热分析等手段分析该复合陶瓷的物相组成与结构、辐射率及热稳定性,研究名义成分对复合陶瓷材料结构与性能的影响。结果表明:该复合陶瓷中的铁氧体为混合型尖晶石结构。铁氧体含量(质量分数,下同)为10%时,随原料粉末中Fe2O3含量增加或MnO2含量减少(即Fe2O3与MnO2的质量比增大),Mn3+尖晶石相含量减少,但Fe2O3与MnO2的质量比对复合陶瓷辐射率的影响较小;w(Fe2O3):w(MnO2)的值为3:1时,随铁氧体含量增加,堇青石的衍射峰向小角度方向偏移,堇青石的晶面间距增大,陶瓷材料的辐射率相应增加;当铁氧体含量为30%时,300℃下复合陶瓷在8~14μm波段的红外辐射率达0.80~0.89。此外,微波加热合成的堇青石-铁氧体基红外陶瓷热稳定性较好,可在1300℃高温环境下使用。     

Effect of rare earth addition on Cu-Fe/AC adsorbents for phosphine adsorption from yellow phosphorous tail gas

Phosphine(PH3) is a highly toxic air pollutant,commonly produced in phosphorous chemical industry.But it has received less research attention due to its handling difficultly.CO is the main content of the phosphorous chemical industry tail gas,the concentration of which is always more than 80 vol.%,and it can be the feed gas to produce various valuable products such as formate,oxalate,and methanol and so on.But,PH3 is one of the important barriers,which is harmful to the following chemical process.In order to make use of the tail gas,PH3 should be removed firstly,and CO should be covered in the whole purified procedure at the same time.In this work,the modified activated carbon(MAC) was used as the adsorbent to separate PH3 from the mixture tail gas.Series of MAC adsorbents were prepared for the adsorption of PH3,which loaded Cu-Fe and Ce(La),or separately.The PH3 adsorption capacities,chemical and physical properties of MAC were all investigated.The results showed that over 99% PH3 adsorption efficiency was achieved when used MAC adsorbents.The removal efficiency and PH3 adsorption capacity of the Cu-Fe-Ce/AC(20:1:0.4) were both much higher than those modified activated carbons.The maximum PH3 adsorption capacity was 71 mg of PH3/g of MAC on the Cu-Fe-Ce/AC,which were much higher than literature data using CuO only for adsorbing hydride gases.     

Preparation and Easy-Cleaning Property of Rare Earth Composite Ceramic

Rare earth and far-infrared mineral composite materials were added to ceramic glazes to prepare easy-cleaning ceramic. The morphology of easy-cleaning ceramic was observed by SEM. The influence of easy-cleaning ceramic on water surface tension and contact angles of water were investigated. Through calculation of ceramic surface free energy and observation of oil drop on ceramic surface in water, the easy-cleaning mechanism of rare earth composite ceramic was studied. It is found that the rare earth composite ceramic can make water surface tension decrease. The surface free energy and the polar component of rare earth composite ceramic are increased. The rare earth composite ceramics have the easy-cleaning property.     

Effects of flaky rare earth oxide additives on the high temperature performance of nickel electrodes

Effects of flaky rare earth oxide additives including Er2O3,Tm2O3,and Yb2O3,Lu2O3 on high temperature and high rate discharge performance of nickel electrodes were investigated.The discharge efficiency at 0.2C reached 96% at 60 oC for electrodes with 1 at.% flaky rare earth oxides.The high rate discharge performance for electrodes with flaky rare earth oxides were improved significantly,for example,discharge efficiency at 5C improved from 50% to 70%.The results showed that the end charging potential of the ...     

Influence of rare earth elements on corrosion behavior of Al-brass in marine water

The corrosion behaviors of Al-brass in stagnant and flowing marine water as a function of combinative rare earths (Ce and La) ad-dition were investigated by electrochemical techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was demon-strated that RE elements could make the corrosion product layer more protective and strengthen the cohesion between the film and matrix in stagnant seawater. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) anal...     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of surface layers of 30CrMnSiA steel plasma nitrocarburized with rare earth addition

The pulse plasma nitrocarburizing for 30CrMnSiA steel was conducted at 560 °C for 8 h in mixed gases of N2:3H2 and different flow rates of rare earths (RE) addition. Effects of rare earths (RE) addition in the carrier gas on the surface morphology, phase structure and mechanical properties of the nitrocarburized layer were characterized by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microhardness testing and wear testing, respectively. The results showed that the surface phase structures changed from dual phases ε-Fe2-3N(C) and γ’-Fe4N(C) to phase Fe3C and incipient nitrides, and the nitrocarburized surface hardness value decreased slightly from 756 to 681 HV0.1 with the RE addition increasing in the carrier gas, and the corresponding morphology of the nitrocarburized surface was granular nitride group (diameter 0.8-1.5 μm) and compact-fine Fe3C stick and patch (mean size 100-300 nm), respectively. The wear resistance of the experimental steel could be improved remarkably by plasma RE nitrocarburizing. The nitrocarburized layer with Fe3C phase formed in the mixed gases of N2:3H2 and flow rate of 0.5 L/min RE addition showed the lowest friction coefficient and the narrowest wear track.)     

Effect of impurity ions on preparation of novel saponifier for rare earth extraction

Magnesium bicarbonate,prepared by the carbonation of magnesium hydroxide slurry,was used as a novel saponifier to eliminate the ammonia nitrogen pollution in the rare earth extraction separation process.The effect of impurity ions introduced by system on the carbonation reaction of magnesium hydroxide was studied in the work.The results showed that the presence of Ca2+ could lead to side reactions so as to reduce the conversion rate of magnesium hydroxide,and a small number of rare earth ions would have great influence on the carbonation reaction.What’s more,there was no influence on carbonation reaction with the low concentration of Na+or Mg2+,the conversion rate of magnesium hydroxide could reach above 96%.This paper showed a practical theory which could provide scientific guidance for the preparation of novel saponifier in rare earth extraction separation process.     

Effect of Rare Earth on Fuel Activation of Far Infrared Ceramic

This work relates to a new type of ceramic with far infrared rays emitting function for improving fuel efficiency, and more particularly for enhancing the combustion efficiency. According to the far infrared rays absorption properties of fuel, some rare earth is added to the ceramic to radiate some far infrared rays with special wavelength. And the effect of rare earth on the fuel activation of the ceramic was investigated.. It is shown that the rare earth cooperates with the ceramic improving the far infrared rays radiation ability. The radiance can reach 90%. With the device of the invention, the double bonds between carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon fuel are broken down to form smaller hydrocarbon molecules lowering the volatilization point thereby enhancing the combustion efficiency. According to the test results,the fuel consumption rate is improved by 4.4%. At the same time, deleterious gas output is reduced obviously to achieve energy conservation and prevent environmental pollution.     

钇基稀土对E36钢板显微组织及冲击性能的影响

运用扫描电镜及能谱等分析手段研究了钇基稀土对E36钢中夹杂物的变质作用以及对显微组织和冲击性能的影响.研究表明,钇基稀土改善了E36钢的显微组织,减少了珠光体的片间距和含量.加入钇基稀土后,E36钢的冲击断口由典型的解理断口变为准解理+韧窝型断口,韧窝中细小球状的稀土夹杂是其转变的主要原因.加入少量的钇基稀土显著改善了E36钢的冲击韧性,尤其是低温冲击性能.在-60℃情况下,E36Re钢的纵向冲击功较E36钢提高了33.5%,横向冲击功提高了113.7%.并且,钇基稀土显著改善了E36钢纵横向冲击性能的差异性,未加稀土E36钢的纵、横冲击比均大于1.70,-60℃条件下达到2.77,而E36Re钢的纵、横冲击比为1.51~1.73.     

Effect of Rare Earth Phosphate Composite Materials on Cleanout Oil-Dirty Property of Ceramics

The ceramics with cleaning easily up oil-dirty property were prepared by doping enamel slurry with rare earth elements phosphate composite materials, and then the influence mechanisms of rare earth elements phosphate composite materials on the cleaning easily up oil-dirty property of ceramic were studied by testing the surface tension and contact angle of water, latex stability inside of ceramic product. Results that the ceramic doped enamel slurry with rare earth phosphate composite materials can reduce obviously the surface tension and contact angle of water, and make latex more stable, and so the ceramics possess excellent cleanout oil-dirty property.