航空用钛合金的研究与应用进展

钛合金以其比强度高、耐腐蚀性好等特点在航空航天领域得到了广泛的应用。从高强钛合金（Ti-1023，Ti-15-3，（-21S，BT22，TB10）、高温钛合金（Ti-6242S，Ti-1100，IM1834，B136，Ti-60）、阻燃钛合金（Alloy C，BTT-1，BTT-3，Ti-40）和损伤容限钛合金（Ti-6Al-4VELI，Ti-6-22-22S，TC21）4个研究领域重点介绍了国内外航空用钛合金的研究和应用现状，分析了各领域典型航空用钛合金的成分、组织性能等特点，并提供了钛合金发展的方向。     

航空用新型低成本钛合金显微组织与损伤容限性能关系研究

利用扫描电镜对某新型航空用Ti—A1-Mo—Cr—Zr系低成本钛合金的双态组织、片层组织及网篮组织3种典型显微组织特征和裂纹扩展过程进行了观察和分析,并对具有不同类型显微组织的合金进行了拉伸、断裂性能和疲劳性能的检测。结果表明：该新型Ti—A1-Mo—Cr—Zr系高性能低成本钛合金在不同显微组织下均具有良好的强度-塑性-韧性-疲劳性能的匹配。其中,双态组织的该合金具有最高的强度和塑性,但损伤容限性能较低（断裂韧性稍低,疲劳裂纹扩展速率高）;网篮组织的该合金具有良好的断裂韧性和疲劳强度,疲劳裂纹扩展速率与双态组织的水平相当;片层组织的该合金具有最为优异的损伤容限性能（最低的疲劳裂纹扩展速率和最高的断裂韧性）,但疲劳极限、强度和塑性稍低于双态组织和网篮组织的该合金。     

钛合金的界面相

近年来,国外采用了先进的实验手段和技术,对钛合金特别是对Ti-6A1-4V合金相变及动力学的研究作了大量的工作。随着对钛合金断裂和疲劳过程研究工作的迅速发展,在α-β钛合金中,α相和β相之间的界面相问题又引起了重视。国内对Ti—6A1—4V合金组织与性能的关系及相变过程进行了许多工作。同时,也开展了对界面相的研究。我们在研究TC4合金组织和性能的关系时得出:经(α—β)区上部温度缓     

TC4ELI钛合金低周疲劳性能研究

研究了具有网篮组织的TC4ELI钛合金材料在不同应变幅值下的低周疲劳性能,给出了TC4ELI钛合金在低周疲劳下的循环应力-应变曲线,拟合出循环应变硬化指数、循环强度系数以及应变-寿命特征系数,并通过光学显微镜进行金相分析,通过扫描电镜进行断口形貌分析。结果表明,TC4ELI钛合金呈现出循环软化的特性;距离疲劳断口1.5 mm处的组织形态与断口处无明显变化,疲劳裂纹以穿晶方式扩展直至断裂;随着应变幅值增大,韧窝变大变深,韧性断裂特征变得更加显著。     

热处理工艺对Ti-6Al-4V ELI合金厚截面锻件力学性能的影响

针对截面厚度达200 mm的损伤容限型Ti-6Al-4V ELI合金锻件,开展了β热处理工艺和准β热处理工艺试验,对比分析了热处理工艺对锻件强度、塑性、断裂韧度、疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响。研究结果表明,随着第一重退火温度从Tβ+15℃升高到Tβ+30℃、Tβ+60℃,锻件塑性下降明显。经准β工艺热处理后,锻件的β晶粒尺寸较小,塑性明显优于β热处理工艺。强度、断裂韧度和疲劳裂纹扩展速率对β热处理温度不敏感。为达到良好的强度-塑性-韧性的综合性能匹配,Ti-6Al-4V ELI合金厚截面锻件宜采用较低热处理温度(如Tβ+15℃)的β热处理工艺或准β热处理工艺。     

损伤容限型TC4-DT合金疲劳裂纹扩展速率的数学描述

测试了损伤容限型TC4-DT合金的裂纹扩展速率。通过数据分析和线性或非线性拟合得到了3种疲劳裂纹扩展速率的数学描述公式。通过对描述结果的误差分析，得到了描述板材疲劳裂纹扩展速率的理想描述公式。     

表面机械处理对Ti-54M合金高周疲劳性能的影响

Ti-54M合金是美国由TIMET（Ti-5A14V-0．6Mo-0．4Fe）合金发展而来的一种α＋β两相钛合金,其切削加工性（切割速度和切割工具寿命）可与Ti-6A14V合金相媲美。该合金用电子束冷床炉单次熔炼制得,可以混合少量的Ti-6A1-4V合金或其他含有元素Mo、V和Fe的合金。除了原材料的弹性性能之外,Ti-54M合金的切削加工性能优于Ti-6Al-4V合金。     

钛合金粉末热等静压数值模拟及性能研究

利用大型的有限元软件MSC.MARC对钛合金粉末在热等静压(HIP)条件下的变形和致密化规律进行研究,并以典型的TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)粉末为原材料,以数值模拟为工艺指导,进行TC4粉末材料热等静压成形试验,全面分析了热等静压成形的钛合金材料的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明:粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V微观组织均匀细密,主要有片状α相和相间β相组成,在颗粒与颗粒的交界处,有等轴α相组织的存在,这种特殊的微观组织导致粉末冶金Ti-6Al-4V材料具有不低于锻件的力学性能。     

损伤容限型钛合金TA15 ELI 43 mm厚板组织与性能

研究了TA15 ELI合金43mm厚板双态组织和片层组织的室温拉伸性能、断裂韧性KIC以及疲劳裂纹扩展速率da／dN等损伤容限性能。讨论了显微组织对该合金损伤容限性能的影响。结果表明，相对双态组织而言，该合金片层组织在较少损失拉伸强度的前提下，提高了合金的断裂韧性，降低了合金的疲劳裂纹扩展速率，具有更好的损伤容限性能。     

TC4-DT钛合金高周疲劳行为研究

对TC4-DT钛合金的高周疲劳性能及断口形貌进行了研究。结果表明：TC4-DT钛合金的S-Ⅳ曲线（应力比R=-1）不出现呈水平线的疲劳极限，10^7次不被破坏的条件疲劳极限为550MPa，置信度为95％；疲劳裂纹源均出现在试样的表面，疲劳裂纹扩展区较大说明材料具有较高的断裂韧度；疲劳裂纹扩展区由许多解理小刻面组成，解理面上可见疲劳条带及二次裂纹，以解理断裂为主；断裂区断口表面由许多互相连接的凹坑所组成，主要表现为韧窝断裂。     

Acceleration of Electricity Reform Brings Benefit to Big Electricity Users,Aluminum Manufacturers Can Save Costs Up to Several Hundred Million

<正>Recently the National Commission of Development and Reform again assembled experts to solicit opinions,and discussed new electricity reform program.According to information disclosed by experts attending the meeting,in the future electricity reform will undergo top-down design,possibly a     

Qinghai's Aluminum Processing Capacity to Rise at the End of the Year

正Since the release of Implementation Opinions on Carrying out‘Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Resolving Serious Production Overcapacity Conflicts’,according to the actual situation of industry,Qinghai has focused on electrolytic aluminum,cement,ironsteel(including iron alloy and silicon carbide),     

Recent Trends in China's Copper Scrap Market-Part Ⅱ

<正>2.Tianjin Scrap Metal Market In Tianjin,we mainly visited Jinghai Ziy Town scrap market and Binhai New Area’some copper scrap enterprises and enterprise using copper scrap.In Ziya we felt the coppe scrap market was particularly deserted,mos copper scrap enterprises in the town wer closed,industry insiders said in 2012 the plac here was bustling with activity.According to     

Shanghai Clearing House to Roll out Renminbi-denominated Copper Clearing Operations in Free Trade Zone

正Clearing House Financial Markets Co.,Ltd.(Shanghai Clearing House)General Manager Xie Zhong told the media recently at the briefing of the international symposium of"Reform Deepening and Mechanism Innovation of the Post-crisis Kerb Market",Shanghai Clearing House will explore the feasibility of carrying out bond business in     

Development and Application of New Materials for Copper Processing in China

正After over 60 years of developmnt,a system for RD and production of copper processing materials has already taken shape in China.After the reform and opening-up,the application of copper processing materials has gradually expanded from the military industry to civil field.The annual output of copper     

China’s Mineral Exploration Market Downturn Causes Decline of Investment in Bauxite

<正>According to a survey report conducted recently by China Geological Survey Development Research Center,in the first half of 2014,China’s mineral exploration market continued to decline,with the investment in exploration of non-fuel minerals dropping by13.7%and drilling workload dropping by21.7%.According to statistical analysis of the Center,     

Chinalco and China National Administration of Coal Geology Jointly Built Guangxi Rare Earth Industrial Base

正On June 3,Chinalco and China National Administration of Coal Geology signed cooperation agreement for strategic cooperationcooperation agreement between Chinalco Guangxi Nonferrous Rare Earth Development Company and Xuzhou Jin Shi Pengyuan Rare Earth Material Factory.According to the agreement,both sides would jointly support Chinalco Guangxi Nonferrous Rare Earth Development Company and Xuzhou Jin Shi Pengyuan Rare Earth Material Factory to carry out comprehensive cooperation covering rare     

Aluminium Production by Province or City in 2014

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Fabricated Copper Production by Province or City in 2014

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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