多孔TiB2+Al2O3/NiAl基复合材料的研究

采用自蔓延高温合成技术制备NiAl/Al2O3 TiB2多孔复合材料,Ni-Al体系的反应产物的相组成主要为NiAl;Ni、Al、B2O3和TiO2组成的反应体系在进行燃烧合成反应之后,生成物主要是NiAl、Al2O3和TiB2,表明燃烧过程中很短的时间内反应能完全充分地进行;加入10Al 3TiO2 3B2O3→5Al2O3 3TiB2颗粒增强体系后,反应合成的多孔产物的孔径减小,孔洞间的连通性增强,孔隙度升高。     

机械合金化制备Al2O3/Mo5Si3粉末研究

以MoO3粉、Mo粉、Si粉和Al粉为原料,利用机械合金化制备了具有纳米晶组成的Al2O3/Mo5Si3复合粉体,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、激光粒度分析仪(LPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对Al2O3/Mo5Si3复合粉体的形成以及在球磨过程中的粉体演变进行分析和表征.结果表明:球磨10h后,原料粉末发生反应生成了A...     

熔铸法制备Al_2O_3/金属复合涂层微观组织的研究

采用Fe2O3+Cr2O3+Al和Ni O+Al双层预涂覆结构,利用自蔓延熔铸法在碳钢基体上制备Al2O3/金属复合涂层,研究涂层与基体结合界面处的微观形貌、结合状态、涂层组织以及元素的分布。结果表明:涂层由α-Al2O3、FeNi、Cr、Al Ni3、Fe-Cr组成;复合涂层与基体紧密结合,无明显的缝隙或者孔洞存在,在界面处存在明显的元素扩散;涂层中主要有等轴晶、柱状晶、树枝晶以及板条状组织,各元素在界面处分布较均匀,但在涂层中部,金属元素发生了偏聚;延长保温时间,金属元素的偏聚程度加剧。     

不锈钢基体上制备Al2O3涂层的研究

在核反应堆液态Li-Pb包层中,涂层的研究和发展是重要的内容.由于Al2O3涂层高电阻率的特性及与液态Li-Pb有良好的兼容性,所以成为陶瓷涂层中的最佳候选材料之一.采用射频磁控溅射法,在奥氏体不锈钢基体上制备了Al2O3涂层,并且研究了分别于800和1000℃进行热处理时温度对涂层的相组成、表面形貌、界面组织及绝缘电阻率的影响.结果表明,Al2O3涂层组织致密、均匀.经1000℃热处理后主要组成相为具有高温热稳定性能的α-Al2O3和少量的γ-Al2O3.不锈钢基体与Al2O3涂层层间界面结合良好可能是由于经退火处理后出现新生FeAl相,提高了涂层与基体的结合强度;涂层电阻率在1×1012～1×1014Ω·cm,绝缘性能良好.     

铝基TiC–TiB2自蔓延高温合成复合涂层的组织性能研究

以Ti粉、石墨粉、B₄C粉、聚四氟乙烯粉(polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE)为原料, 采用反应熔覆技术, 结合自蔓延高温合成与真空消失模鋳造法, 在ZL205A铝合金表面制备出TiC-TiB₂复合涂层, 研究了固溶温度对基体和TiC-TiB₂涂层显微组织、硬度和热稳定性的影响, 为制备高耐磨性铝合金提供新的研究方向。结果表明: Ti-C-B₄C-PTFE体系的绝热温度的远大于1800 K, 自蔓延高温合成反应可自发进行; 通过真空消失模铸造ZL205A铝合金, 引发自蔓延高温合成反应, 在基体表面可形成TiC-TiB 2复合涂层。固溶热处理后TiC-TiB₂复合涂层表现出良好的热稳定性, 硬度为HB 285, 20 N载荷作用下的质量损失量为49.7 mg, 相对减少了90%, 大大提高了ZL205A铝合金表面的耐磨性。     

原位反应合成致密Al2O3p-TiCp/Al复合材料

本文采用高能球磨、原位反应合成及热压技术制备了致密的Al2O3p-TiCp/Al复合材料,并用XRD、SEM以及EDAX等手段分析了复合材料的相组成、显微组织.结果表明:Al-TiO2-C三元体系在热压反应烧结后,可制得致密度较高的Al2O3p-TiCp/Al原位复合材料,其显微组织中Al2O3和TiC颗粒尺寸为1μm左右,分布均匀.高能球磨有利于增强颗粒细化弥散分布和反应进行完全.     

纳米NiAl2O4圈层包覆Al2O3复合粉末的制备

采用高温氧化的方法制备出纳米NiAl2O4圈层包覆Al2O3粉体.在纳米Al2O3粉体表面包覆一层金属Ni,在1 350℃高温下焙烧Ni/Al2O3复合粉体得到纳米NiAl2O4圈层包覆Al2O3粉体.利用TEM对Ni/Al2O3复合粉体进行观察,发现Ni/Al2O3复合粉体颗粒呈球形,大小为50～60 nm;Ni/Al2O3复合粉体的DTA分析结果表明,Ni/Al2O3复合粉体在900和1 300℃时有新相生成,经XRD检测,新相分别为NiO和NiAl2O4.     

Mo(Si,Al)2的自蔓延高温燃烧合成

研究了Mo(Si，Al)2的自蔓延高温燃烧合成反应过程以及产物的生成机制。研究结果表明：Al部分取代MoSi2结构中的Si，不但对反应体系的热效应有影响，同时还对燃烧波前端的蔓延速度、反应体系的燃烧模式以及产物的结构有影响。这可以从Mo-Si-Al系自蔓延合成过程中反应体系的传质传热过程的改变得到较好的解释。Mo(Si，Al)2的自蔓延燃烧合成机制与MoSi2相同，都是经过溶解析出过程直接由反应物得到产物。     

Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂上CO选择氧化本征反应动力学

采用浸渍法制备了用于CO选择氧化的Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂,研究了CO在Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂床层上的CO选择氧化本征动力学.结果表明,在消除内外扩散的条件下,CO在Ru-La2O3/Al2O3催化剂床层的本征反应是一个表面反应控制的一级反应,反应的活化能为76.24kJ/mol.     

Ti_3AlC_2自蔓延高温合成中组织分析

用燃烧波淬熄法及借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析仪(EDS)研究了Ti3AlC2自蔓延高温合成(SHS)中的显微组织变化,淬熄试样保留了未反应区、预热区、燃烧波前沿、反应区、产物区。试验结果表明,Ti3AlC2自蔓延高温合成机理为溶解-析出-熔化-包晶机制:一方面,Ti和C向Al熔液中溶解,最终导致Al3Ti析出;另一方面,随着C向Ti中扩散,最终导致TiC从Ti-Al-C熔体析出;当温度超过Al3Ti的熔点后,Al3Ti熔化,促使Al3Ti和TiC发生包晶反应生成Ti3AlC2。最终的产物中除了大量的Ti3AlC2外还存在少量Al3Ti和Ti,这与试验使用了较粗的Ti粉有关。     

CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3转光玻璃的合成及荧光性质

X射线衍射研究表明CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3体系的玻璃化温度在1025℃附近。荧光光谱和ESR谱研究表明,在CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3玻璃体系中存在着Eu2 和Eu3 两种价态离子。316,360,379,394,413,462和532nm锐线激发峰和592,616和650红区发射峰分别对应Eu3 的f-f激发跃迁和5D0-7FJ(J=1,2,3)跃迁发射;351nm和427nm宽带激发峰和蓝区发射分别对应Eu2 的5d-4f激发跃迁和发射。     

Vitrification and Crystallization Behavior of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-Cr2O3 System

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - The effect of basicity and Cr2O3 content on vitrification of the CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-Cr2O3 system during a melt-quenched process and the...     

Wettability of silicon carbide ceramic by Al2O3/Dy2O3 and Al2O3/Yb2O3 systems

Wettability is an important phenomenon in the liquid phase sintering of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics. This work involved a study of the wetting of SiC ceramics by two oxide systems, Al₂O₃ /Dy₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ /Yb₂O₃, which have so far not been studied for application in the sintering of SiC ceramics. Five mixtures of each system were prepared, with different compositions close to their respective eutectic ones. Samples of the mixtures were pressed into cylindrical specimens, which were placed on a SiC plate and subjected to temperatures above their melting points using a graphite resistance furnace. The behavior of the melted mixtures on the SiC plate was observed by means of an imaging system using a CCD camera and the sessile drop method was employed to determine the contact angle, the parameter that measures the degree of wettability. The results of variation in the contact angle as a function of temperature were plotted in graphic form which showed that the curves displayed a fast decline and good spreading. All the samples of the two systems presented final contact angles of 40° to 10° indicating their good wetting on SiC in the argon atmosphere. The melted/solidified area and interface between SiC and melted/solidified phase were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their crystalline phases were identified by X-ray diffraction (DRX). The DRX analysis showed that Al₂O₃ and RE₂O₃ reacted and formed the Dy₃Al₅O₁₂ (DyAg) and Yb₃Al₅O₁₂ (YbAg) phases. The results indicated that the two systems had a promising potential as additives for the sintering of SiC ceramics.     

Al_2O_3La_2O_3Y_2O_3/Cu复合材料的电弧侵蚀特性研究

采用喷射沉积和内氧化法制备出Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu复合材料,研究该材料在直流20 V/20 A的工作条件下触点的电弧侵蚀特性,并与Al2O3/Cu材料进行了对比分析.利用电子天平、扫描电镜等方法分析电弧侵蚀后触点的质量变化和表面微观结构.结果表明,通过添加Y2O3、La2O3稀土氧化物颗粒,可有效降低触头材料的材料转移量.Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu材料的抗熔焊性和抗烧损性优于Al2O3/Cu材料的性能.在直流阻性负载条件下Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu阳极触头表面形成凹坑,阴极触头表面形成凸起,触点表面显示出浆糊状凝固物和喷发坑等电弧侵蚀形貌特征.     

Viscosity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-B2O3 slags

The viscosity of CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ slags with 8% MgO and 4% B₂O₃ is investigated over a broad range of composition, by means of a simplex-lattice experiment design. For slag of basicity 6–8 in the upper left region of the local simplex, with 15–25% Al₂O₃, 8% MgO, and 4% B₂O₃, the viscosity is high: 9.4–26.4 P over the range 1500–1530°C. Displacement of the slags of basicity 5–8 to the lower region of the local simplex ensures high fluidity in the given range of Al₂O₃ concentration: the viscosity is 1.5–6.1 P over the range 1500–1530°C.     

Research on Glass Forming Ability of Er2O3 -Al2O3 -B2O3 -SiO2 System

The glass forming range of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was explored, and the effect of the content of Al2 O3 and Er2 O3 on glass-forming region was experimentally examined. It is shown that the region of glass formation range expends when the content of Al2O3 is changed from 15% to 20%, while it shrinks when the content of Er2O3 is changed from 20% to 30%. At the same time, the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was also discussed using a value of β, which is an indication of crystallization tendency of glasses, calculated from thermo-analysis data. It is found that the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3- SiO2 glasses is poor, while the glasses network may be enhanced when Al2O3 is added to the system, the glass forming ability being heightened. In addition, the crystallization temperatures of the rare earth glasses were determined using differential thermal analysis technique. The Er2O3-Al2O;-B2O3-SiO2 glass samples were heat treated at 1000,1100 and 1260℃ respectively. The results show that it is the Er2O3 phase that separates out from the glasses after crystaline heat treatment, and it is tiered up in glasses, as detected through XRD and SEM. This indicates that the phase separation occurs when the glasses are heated, Er3 being mainly distributed in the boron rich phase, then separated out from glasses, while the silicate rich phase remaining glassy state.     

Stability of Fluorine-Free CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-Na2O Mold Fluxes

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - B2O3 and Na2O are key components of fluorine-free mold fluxes for continuous casting, but both are highly volatile, which affects the flux stability....     

X射线荧光光谱法测定Dy_2O_3及其杂质Eu_2O_3,Gd_2O_3,Tb_4O_7,Ho_2O_3,Er_2O_3和Y_2O_3

当前稀土应用范围越来越广,尤其Dy2O3和金属Dy其出口量不断增大．Dy2O3中所含杂质总量通常在0．1％～5％之间,该范围内的测定方法以XRFR为合适,快速、准确、无破坏．1实验部分1．l原理本法采用粉末直接压片法制样,在各元素分析线峰位上测量X射线强度,根据待测元素的X射线荧光光谱强度与含量的定量关系,选择相应的数学模型,由计算机自动计算出待测成份含量．1．2仪器和试剂荷兰飞利浦PW—1400顺序式X射线荧光光谱仪;康柏486计算机;电动小型油压机;万分之一精度分析天平．DyZO399．999％;EnD3,GdD3,ThAn,HoAn,ErD3…     

Solid-phase reactions of Ta2O5 with Ga2O3 and In2O3

Conclusions Using the techniques of DTA and x-ray phase analysis, a study was made of the reactions between Ta₂O₅ and M₂O₃ (M = Ga or In), and the phase compositions of the relevant binary systems were determined. The existence was confirmed of stable compounds of composition MTaO₄ and eutectoidally decomposing phases containing 7.5–12.5 mole % M₂O₃. MTaO₄ are dielectrics, whose room-temperature _v is of the order of 10¹⁰ -cm. The temperature dependence of _v of MTaO₄ was investigated in the range 293–873°K and their energies of activation for conductivity were calculated. The melting points, pyknometric densities, dielectric losses, and relative dielectric permeabilities of MTaO₄ were determined.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 2 (110), pp. 69–73, February, 1972.     

镁砂中Fe2O3、Al2O3、P2O5、TiO2的联合测定

镁砂产品检验中,采用碱熔融法共同预处理样品,在同一母液中,联合测定铁、铝、磷、钛的含量,缩短了检测时间。通过分别控制各元素的显色酸度,各元素线性良好,测得的Fe2O3、Al2O3、P2O5、TiO2的相对标准偏差分别小于1.11%、2.78%、4.84%、5.88%。实验结果表明,方法的准确度和精密度都较高。