浅析钢铁冶炼机械设备的故障诊断及处理措施

钢铁行业生产过程往往是极具封闭性的系统模式,多种工序之间衔接若是出现了问题或者某一环节设备零件不能正常运行,都会直接影响钢铁冶炼过程。文章主要围绕现阶段钢铁冶炼机械设备故障诊断的实际情况、目前有效展开钢铁冶炼机械设备故障诊断的主要方法研究、当前钢铁冶炼机械设备故障诊断的技术工艺、常见钢铁冶炼机械设备故障诊断的科学处理措施四个主要方面展开了论述与分析。     

包头混合稀土矿开发利用过程中Th元素走向与分布研究

通过对包头混合稀土矿开发利用过程系统考察,以放射性核素Th作为特征因子,按照采选、钢铁冶炼、稀土冶炼三大流程研究Th的走向与分布,形成包头混合稀土矿开发利用Th平衡图。     

钢铁冶炼新技术与耐火材料研究

在钢铁冶炼的过程中少不了耐火材料的使用和消耗,而随着各项新技术在钢铁冶炼过程中的应用,对于耐火材料的应用和消耗也随之增加和减少,而本文的主要研究内容在于各项钢铁冶炼新技术的介绍,及其对于耐火材料的影响和质与量的对比。     

互联网战略下加快钢铁冶金多尺度研究再思考

多尺度理论是研究过程工程的科学方法,课题组运用多尺度理论对钢铁冶炼问题进行了前期研究与工业实践,在国家互联网战略背景下进一步深化思考钢铁冶炼工艺与产品质量间多尺度关系研究的重要性。分析认为,基于中国钢铁研究发展需要,未来钢铁冶炼过程中的现象与本质间多尺度关系基础研究可以为钢铁行业智能化发展提供必要支撑。     

浅谈钢铁冶炼节能环保技术发展方向

结合我国目前的钢铁冶炼技术现状以及钢铁冶炼行业节能环保现状,并根据目前钢铁冶炼过程中的节能环保技术,总结出目前钢铁冶炼节能环保技术的发展方向,为以后的钢铁工业提供一定的借鉴意义。     

自动化仪表在转炉炼钢过程中的现场应用

目前钢铁市场竞争日趋激烈,这就倒逼钢铁生产企业转型升级,所以如何在激烈的市场竞争中既能生产出高质量的钢材,又能降低冶炼过程中的成本已成为钢铁冶炼行业研究的课题。     

钢铁产品冶炼中砷含量的控制措施探析

钢铁产品在冶炼的过程中,各种成分的含量的多少对钢铁产品的质量具有决定性的作用,尤其是砷的含量,如果超出规定的范围,将会对钢铁产品的性能产生一定的影响。本文以此为研究内容,对砷含量对钢铁性能的影响,钢中砷对钢材性能的影响,以及钢铁产品冶炼中砷含量的有效控制措施进行探究和分析。     

转炉低铁水消耗冶炼工艺思考研究

对于从事钢铁冶炼生产的企业来讲,合理控制冶炼过程中的铁水消耗总量具有明显的必要性。钢铁冶炼的生产过程如果要得以顺利开展,则必须充分确保冶炼原料的供应充足性。在此前提下,企业目前针对转炉冶炼生产环节应当严格控制铁水消耗比例,有效促进转炉低铁水消耗模式下冶炼工艺技术手段的创新。     

渣钢铁电炉炼钢供氧技术优化

针对渣钢铁电炉炼钢单枪供氧强度不高,造成电炉冶炼时间长、电耗高等现状,通过一系列的工业试验对渣钢铁电炉冶炼的炉壁氧枪、供氧参数等进行了优化和研究。试验结果表明:与原渣钢铁电炉炼钢供氧技术相比,单炉冶炼时间缩短35min,吨钢冶炼电耗降低78.03kWh,吨钢耗氧量增加14.62m3。     

电子探针分析技术在钢铁冶炼工艺研究中的应用

摘自《上海金属钢铁分册》,1984年第4期印祥麟的文章。电子探针自问世后,除对金属和非金属材料的微观组织和形貌等有了深入理解外,近年用它来研究钢铁冶炼工艺方面也日益广泛展开。本文是一篇介绍应用电子探针分析技术研究氧气转炉炼钢的成渣过程中石灰溶解的机制、石灰用于铁水炉外脱硫的反应机制以及冶炼过程中炉衬材料的熔蚀机制等的文章。 1.氧气转炉炼钢成渣过程的研究     

Theoretical modelling of gas-liquid two-phase flow in a vertical and straight pipe

This paper treats the theoretical analysis to obtain the flow characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase mixtures in a vertical and straight pipe. The system of equations governing the gas-liquid two-phase flow field is based upon the multifluid model. The transitions of the gas flow pattern from bubbly to slug flows as well as from slug to churn flows are introduced into the system of the above governing equations. In order to confirm the validity of the present theoretical model, the flow characteristics calculated on the basis of this model have been compared with experimental data measured by changing the pipe diameter and the submergence ratio. As a result, it has been found that the present theoretical model built up in this investigation gives good fit to the measured data. We believe that the simplicity of this pump can make it possible to transport molten iron/steel between different refining processes. But, we also note that the experiments have been performed on a cold model using an air-water system     

流化床处理粉铁矿工艺研究

评述了流化床处理粉铁矿的工艺,根据流化床反应器在工业中的应用实际,分别评述了流化床磁化焙烧生产铁精矿,流化床预热粉铁矿并低预还原度还原后添加到铁浴熔池,流化床生产直接还原铁(DRI)和碳化铁(Fe3C)作电炉炼钢原料,多级流化床生产较高预还原度DRI供熔融气化炉终还原冶炼铁水等工艺中流化床反应器的应用.     

Performance Optimization and Efficient Application of Highly Reactive Iron Coke: Research Progress and Future Trend

Iron coke has emerged as a promising raw material for low-carbon ironmaking. However, the structure and properties of iron coke are still obstacles to practical application in blast furnaces, especially the strength of iron coke. Herein, investigations on the preparation and properties of iron coke are reviewed and an integrated system for the performance optimization and efficient utilization of iron coke is proposed. First, the characteristics of different preparation processes for iron coke are compared; then the advantages and limitations of the three processes are summarized. Afterward, the evolution mechanism of iron coke strength and the catalytic mechanism of Fe on the gasification reaction of iron coke are explored in depth. In addition, the coupling mechanism of iron coke gasification and iron ore reduction is analyzed and discussed. The influence of iron coke on the melting–dropping properties of blast furnace charge and the mathematical simulation of using iron coke in the blast furnace are analyzed and summarized. Finally, a comprehensive strategy for the performance optimization of iron coke and its efficient application in the blast furnace is proposed, in which the sequence slicing 3D reconstruction method is applied to analyze the relationship between microstructure and performance of iron coke.     

熔融还原工艺发展现状与评析

简要介绍了几种主要熔融还原技术的发展概况和工艺特点，对其进行了对比，并对已成熟的COREX和HIsmelt工艺进行了比较和评析。     

PROPERTIES AND FEATURES OF DIRECT REDUCED IRON

The blast furnace process is still the predominant method for primary iron production. However, the disadvantages inherent to the process led to the development of alternative processes such as the mini blast furnace process, smelting reduction process, and direct reduction process. Many of these alternative processes are still under development. However, direct reduction processes have reached some level of commercial applicability and are considered to be the most developed alternative ironmaking route. It is coke-less and environmentally friendlier when compared to the blast furnace process. In addition, direct reduced iron has a well-defined chemical composition when compared with steel scrap and has efficient melting properties in the electric arc furnace. Consequently, there is a great increase in the demand for direct reduced iron in electric arc steel making. These attractive features have led to an increase in worldwide production of direct reduced iron, which is currently approaching 50 million tons. Thus, direct reduced iron is gaining more importance. Hence, this article summarizes the basic properties and features of direct reduced iron.     

含碳球团-铁浴熔融还原炼铁法与COREX法的能耗比较

通过计算机模拟计算,研究了含碳球团高温快速预还原＋铁浴终还原炼铁法、含碳球团竖炉预还原＋铁浴终还原炼铁法和含碳球团铁浴一步炼铁法这３种工艺流程的能耗,并与ＣＯＲＥＸ法进行比较。结果表明：含碳球团＋铁浴终还原炼铁法比ＣＯＲＥＸ法的耗煤量和耗氧量低。另外,还介绍了高含碳球团的优点,认为高含碳球团有一定的应用前景     

Reduction behaviour of agglomerated iron ore nuggets by devolatisation of high-ash,high-volatile lignite coal for pig iron production

High-quality coking coals all over the world are gradually approaching extinction. These days, steel industries are trying to focus more on the utilisation of non-coking grades of coal. The present work involving high-ash, high-volatile lignite coal can be used indirectly in iron-making processes. Direct use is not possible due to low amount of carbon and high value of ash. High ash content leads to huge sulphur content, and this leads to high cost involvement in secondary processes. On the other hand, huge amount of iron ore fines are generated during mechanised mining, sizing, screening, transportation, beneficiation and sintering processes. Iron ore nuggets are formed from inferior quality iron ore fines using suitable binders with the applied pressure. Mechanical properties of iron ore nuggets are also assessed through shatter and abrasion test. A furnace was designed, to indirectly utilise high-ash, high-volatile lignite coal, for pre-reduction iron ore nuggets. Iron ore nuggets were partly reduced by CO, H₂ and fine carbon produced from volatilisation of coal. Optimized pre-reduced nuggets, having high mechanical stability was directly charge in the raising hearth furnace for pig iron production.     

智能化钢铁制造流程信息物理系统的设计研究

 现代钢铁制造流程是集成烧结、球团、焦化、炼铁、炼钢和轧钢等多工序过程的耗散结构体系。钢铁制造流程是在物质流、能量流和信息流协同运行的条件下,完成一系列复杂的冶金过程和转变。探讨了对钢铁制造过程物理本质以及运行特征的认识和研究,提出了现代钢铁制造流程物理系统的设计理念和方法。阐述了流程工程动态精准设计体系在钢铁冶金工程设计中的应用,讨论了智能化钢铁制造流程的系统层次和构建理念。着重论述了钢铁制造流程信息物理系统的内涵和架构,提出了静态物理系统与信息系统集成、耦合、协同的设计理念和方法,论证了现代钢铁制造流程信息物理系统的智能化设计思路、程序和应用实践。     

钢铁工业不同流程对耐火材料发展的影响

耐火材料的主要服务对象是钢铁工业，钢铁工业不同的工艺流程使用着不同的耐火材料，平炉的逐步被淘汰，模铸比的迅速减少，将使所用的耐火材料产量大幅度下降，甚至被淘汰。而冶金新技术、新流程的出现和发展，又推动了新型耐火材料的技术进步。本文叙述了钢铁工业不同流程对耐火材料发展的影响。     

Influences of non-stoichiometry on thermodynamics and kinetics of iron oxides reduction processes

Abstract

Non-stoichiometry influences both the thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of the iron oxide redox processes. The thermochemical data of iron oxide redox reactions in various textbooks are not consistent, and the kinetic characteristics are not well understood because of the non-stoichiometry. To clarify such confusions, some famous thermodynamic data are compared, and highly precise experimental work conducted for verification. It is shown that the thermodynamic data for the pure iron oxide reduction reactions from JANAF agree well with the experimental results; the eutectoid temperature of iron oxides was proven to be 576°C; Dieckmann’s defect model of magnetite was proven in good agreement with the experimental results only at high oxygen activities but not low oxygen activities; and the dependences of iron deficiency on Δwt-% (weight loss ratio) and Fe²⁺% (ferrous ratio) were calculated and experimentally verified in pure iron oxides reduction processes.