东方红<5>型内燃机车风源系统改进

东方红5型机车的风源系统由空压机、总风缸、空气干燥器及电控部件组成,作用是为机车的制动机和其他的辅助用风设备提供压缩空气。通过对东方红5型内燃机车风源系统的介绍,并结合对机车近几年该系统的故障统计,找出故障根源,根据目前的检修水平,确立改造方案,通过实施取得了预期的效果,从而为下一步对老型机车实施技术改造提供了依据。     

浅析润滑型活塞式空压机改装为无润滑空压机的必要性与方法

压缩机根据工作原理分为容积型压缩机、速度型压缩机.容积型压缩机是靠减少工作容积,使气体间距变小,增加单位容积内的分子数,来提高气体压力.包括活塞式、螺杆式、膜式压缩机.活塞式空压机是活塞式压缩机的一种.本文以4L-20/8润滑型活塞式空压机改装为无润滑型活塞式空压机为例,阐述其改装的必要性与方法.     

浅析润滑型活塞式空压机改装为无润滑空压机的必要性与方法

压缩机根据工作原理分为容积型压缩机、速度型压缩机.容积型压缩机是靠减少工作容积,使气体间距变小,增加单位容积内的分子数,来提高气体压力.包括活塞式、螺杆式、膜式压缩机.活塞式空压机是活塞式压缩机的一种.本文以4L-20/8润滑型活塞式空压机改装为无润滑型活塞式空压机为例,阐述其改装的必要性与方法.     

莱钢3200m3高炉无计划停煤操作实践

莱钢型钢3#高炉由于天元气体空压机停电造成氮气压力低,煤粉无法正常喷吹,停煤70min。停煤后通过停氧减风降低冶炼强度、调整焦炭负荷等措施稳定炉况;空压机恢复后快速加风,恢复喷煤富氧,最终平稳过渡,没有对炉况造成大的波动。     

CAFH化学过滤器在ZH型离心式压缩机上的应用

分析铜冶炼生产环境中空气含有大量浓度较高的腐蚀性气体、导致ZH型多级离心压缩机主要零部件腐蚀的问题,介绍CAFH化学过滤器的主要性能、结构原理以及在空压机上的应用,可以有效除去进入空压机空气中的SO2等腐蚀性气体,保证机组的正常运行。     

浅谈压缩风系统的节能

结合株洲冶炼厂的实际,提出了压缩风系统节能的意见:合理选择供气压力、调整空压机配置、适当增大管径、提高设备冷却效果、杜绝泄漏、平衡用气等。     

BB65t机车用C1200型空压机积碳原因

C1200型空压机是BB65t机车空气系统的关键部件,是机车所用压力空气的提供机械,压力空气主要用于机车制动、百叶窗开启、鸣笛、雨刷等方面。积碳是空压机在高温、高压环境下常见现象之一,空压机的积碳主要发生在进排气阀,影响空气的进气、排气通畅性,严重制约着空压机的效率发挥,影响整个空气系统的作用发挥,最终影响机车的安全运行。阐述了C1200型空压机积碳发生的机理、产生的原因及可能造成的危害,并针对BB65t机车的使用环境、该空压机的工作情况,对积碳问题提出了相应的预防措施和解决方法。     

DH-80透平空压机叶轮冲蚀的修复

ＤＨ—８０透平空压机是为我厂万立空分配备的压缩机,其空气流量为５９０００ｍ３／ｈ,低速轴转速为７６８５ｒ／ｍｉｎ,高速轴转速为９４２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ,排气压力为０．５５ＭＰａ（表）。但该机组运行不久就发现三级轴瓦振动较高,以后又逐渐增高,最后振动超过１００ｕｍ,被迫停机检修。１空压机振动高的原因１９９３年停机拆检后,发现空压机三级叶轮入口已发生严重冲蚀,且叶片在入口部位均被冲蚀下去近１０ｍｍ,严重影响了转子的动平衡,造成空压机叶轮振动升高。为找到空压机叶轮叶片被冲蚀的原因,我们检查了空压机冷却器,发…     

隔膜压缩机的故障分析及排除方法

涟钢冷轧气体保护站的隔膜压缩机自2005年投入使用以来,多次出现工作气缸不工作,压力和流量满足不了生产需求的现象。通过对该种隔膜压缩机的结构与工作原理进行分析,阐述了工作缸不工作,压力和流量满足不了要求的排除方法,为以后的检修中快速排除故障提供依据。     

空压机排气管及储气罐异常振动的解决

1问题的捷出由于空压机二级排气温度过高、对排气管道产生较大的轴向、径向热应力作用，以及因地理条件限制，储气罐与空压机安装距离难以按设计要求进行安装，空压机运转后，活塞式空压机产生的气流脉冲衰减不足而引起的排气管与储气罐和空压机二级缸体共振，再加上对排气热应力补偿不足所产生的轴向、径向推力，导致排气管、二级缸支承脚、储气罐异常振裂。易门矿务局三家厂矿、风山矿现使用的1—100／8、ZD12—100／8车在机均因卜怵匝因多次分牛储气罐立承脚与罐体接触处、排气管道、二级缸支承脚根裂事故。2膨胀节的性能及特点三家厂矿…     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

IQ and ego-resiliency: Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness.

The constructs of intelligence and ego-resiliency are discussed. The personality implications of "pure intelligence" and "pure ego-resilience" were identified. Intelligence (IQ) was indexed by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS—R) and ego-resiliency by an inventory scale. Residual scores measuring "pure intelligence" and "pure ego-resilience" were correlated with the items of the observer based California Q-sort, used to describe participants. Persons relatively high on ego-resilience tend to be more competent and comfortable in the "fuzzier" interpersonal world; persons defined primarily by raw IQ tend to be effective in the "clearer" world of structured work but tend also to be uneasy with affect and less able to realize satisfying human connections. Gender differences exist in the relations of ego-resilience and intelligence and in their adaptive relevance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Conserving and retaining equalities and inequalities through observation and correction.

Investigated the effects of modeling and corrective feedback on the conservation of equalities and inequalities, with items spanning 3 stimulus dimensions (length, number, and 2-dimensional space). Ss were 48 kindergartners (24 boys, 24 girls). Brief observation of a model, briefer correction training (joining positive feedback with verbal rule provision), and the combination of observation and correction were all successful in producing learning and, without further training, transfer and retention of conservation. Unlike the controls (who also never correctly answered any equality items), the trained experimental Ss gave evidence of spontaneously generalizing their new learning to a task that required nonverbal behavior to manifest conservation. (17 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，