含砷酸性废水除砷工艺现状与展望

综述了当前含砷废水主要处理方法如石灰法、石灰-铁盐法、硫化法以及臭葱石法的运行现状和研究动态。通过详细分析含砷酸性废水除砷工艺研究现状，着重探讨了上述除砷技术的反应原理、除砷效果、工艺特点，并对含砷酸性废水未来处理技术的发展趋势及研究方向进行了展望，为有色金属行业清洁高效除砷工艺选择及改进提供参考借鉴。     

含砷废水处理研究进展

在环境污染中,砷是最常见、危害最严重的物质之一,其对水资源的污染是一个全球性环境问题,严重威胁着人类健康,含砷废水的处理一直受到人们的广泛关注.文中总结了近年来含砷废水主要处理方法的原理、特点和应用现状,对吸附法和生物法进行了重点阐述,分析了它们的优势与共性,以期在实际处理过程中提供技术支持和帮助.      

难浸金矿提取冶金预处理方法、研究进展及工业实践

本文论述了国内外难浸金矿提取冶金预处理工艺方法原理、研究进展及工业实践概况。着重讨论了氧化焙烧法、固砷焙烧法、真空挥发脱砷法、化学氧化法（常压及加压氧浸）、细菌氧化法和碳质金矿处理等工艺的适用范围及其优缺点。     

并联循环连续电积脱砷法在云铜的应用

介绍了云铜对铜电解液脱砷过程的研究、试验和实践,分析了并联循环连续电积脱砷法的特点及其应用情况。     

含砷氰化尾矿回填利用污染控制技术试验研究

针对某黄金生产企业含砷氰化尾矿污染特征,开展了搅拌洗涤法、臭氧氧化法、酸化溶砷法、铁盐固砷法等多种无害化方法联合处理试验研究,旨在将该含砷氰化尾矿处理至满足氰渣规范回填利用污染控制要求。结果表明：该含砷氰化尾矿回填利用污染控制技术工艺为压滤调浆搅拌洗涤+臭氧氧化+酸化溶砷+铁盐固砷,最佳参数为原矿浆压滤后加水调浆,矿浆浓度40%,臭氧投加量0.66 g/L,酸化溶砷pH值3、曝气量0.1 m³/h、反应时间2 h,铁盐固砷七水合硫酸亚铁投加量20.0 g/L、反应时间1 h。研究结果为该黄金生产企业含砷氰化尾矿回填利用提供了技术支撑。     

含砷废渣的综合利用研究

针对湖南某地含砷废渣的特点,在查明了渣样矿物性质以及镶嵌关系和赋存状态的基础上,进行了磨矿细度的回收条件试验,在-0.2 mm的磨矿细度下采用磁选-摇床工艺流程处理砷渣,可获得铁精矿和锡精矿;工艺废水采用石灰法处理,可达到国家规定的排放标准.     

溶液中除砷的生化法

利用生化浸出法可以成功地从各种物料中除砷,并找到了使砷转移到溶液中的最佳条件。但是要从废液中提取砷并利用砷仍是一个难题。用存在于液相中的重金属氢氧化物,例如用铁或用天然软锰矿与砷共沉淀都可以促使砷的提取较完全。电解凝聚法也很有前途。利用碱性硫化物废电解液作试剂可以使砷变成铁砷沉锭物。在任何情况下都有一个如何保存所得的铁砷沉淀物废料的问题。     

含砷酸性废水无害化处理及渣形态与稳定性分析

含砷难处理金矿石经过加压氧化预工艺处理后产生含砷和铁均较高的酸性废水,采用两段中和法和针铁矿法对其进行无害化处理并对渣中砷的形态进行分析。结果表明,两段中和法和针铁矿法均可高效去除酸性水中的游离态砷和铁,两者的去除率均超过99.9%。与两段中和法相比较,针铁矿法具有处理出水中砷浓度更低、中和浆液的沉降效果好、渣量小、含砷渣的稳定性高等优势。     

高砷次氧化锌综合回收试验研究

介绍了硫酸焙烧法处理高砷次氧化锌的试验研究,主要探讨了焙烧的温度,时间及硫酸用量对有害元素砷,氟、氯等脱除率的影响,工业试验证明,铅,锌,锗的直收率分别为99％,98％,60％以上,砷的脱除大于90％,氟、氯的挥发率大于95％。     

铜电解液净化脱砷新工艺

总结了萃取法和连续电积法两种铜电解液净化脱砷新工艺的特点，并进行了分析比较。     

含砷金矿细菌氧化提金废渣综合回收砷

以细菌氧化提金废渣为原料,对其中所含的砷进行回收。分别考察了碱用量、浸出温度、液固比和浸出时间对砷浸出率的影响及溶液初始pH、钙砷摩尔比和沉淀时间对砷沉淀率的影响。通过单因素条件试验确定了浸砷的较优条件为:氢氧化钠浓度240g/L,反应温度60℃,液固比4∶1,搅拌浸出2h。在最优条件下砷浸出率达到85%。从浸出液中沉砷的较优条件为:溶液初始pH=12.0,钙砷摩尔比2∶1,沉淀时间30min。在优化条件下砷沉淀率达到97%以上。     

Dearsenification of gold concentrates via microwave roasting

ABSTRACT

Arsenic can cause environmental pollution and also affect mineral processing efficiency. To determine the mechanism of separating arsenic from minerals, microwave roasting tests were conducted using Hunan arsenic sulfide gold concentrate as a raw material. The heating behaviour of gold concentrates under microwave irradiation was analysed. The effects of roasting temperature, reaction time, and oxygen content on arsenic removal were investigated. Temperature has the greatest effect on arsenic removal, followed by reaction time and oxygen content. The optimum parameters were determined experimentally. The removal rate of arsenic was 93.16% (gas supply: 4?L min^?1, reaction temperature: 650°C, duration: 15?min). Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the minerals after microwave roasting and conventional roasting showed that there are more cracks on the surface of minerals after microwave roasting, and the specific surface area is larger. The reaction mechanism of arsenic separation from gold concentrate during microwave roasting is discussed.     

闪速炼铜过程砷综合治理方案探讨

文章介绍了贵溪冶炼厂闪速炼铜过程砷的分布及砷的回收现状．探讨了砷的综合治理方案。     

氢化物发生ICP-AES法测定钢铁中痕量砷

采用氢化物发生与ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ联用对钢铁中痕量砷的测定进行了研究。方法包括酸介质及浓度实验；氧化剂及还原剂实施；干扰与消扰实验；检出限实验；精密度及准确度实验等，从而建立了氢化物发生ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定钢铁中痕量砷的分析方法。     

锑氧粉砷浸出工艺研究

通过对锑氧粉中砷物相的分析,根据三氧化二砷的性质,采用碳酸钠高温焙烧—碳酸化除砷—真空过滤—水洗—真空过滤工艺,将锑氧粉中的元素砷转变为砷酸钠浸出,对影响浸出的几个因素进行了研究,择取优化条件,砷的浸出率可达到94%左右。     

Leaching Behaviors of Arsenic from Arsenic-Iron Hydroxide Sludge during TCLP

The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) is normally used to evaluate if sludge should be managed as hazardous waste. This study examines immobilization mechanisms of arsenic onto arsenic-iron hydroxide sludge, the byproduct of arsenic removal by coagulation with ferric chloride. The leaching mechanism of arsenic from the sludge due to the TCLP is also investigated. Microscopic characterization techniques including scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were employed to characterize the sludge samples with the As-to-Fe ratios of 0.07 to 0.15 before and after the TCLP. SEM-EDS and FT-IR results suggested that arsenic-iron hydroxide sludge be ferric hydroxide, whose surface is inner or outer spherically sorbed by arsenic, rather than the precipitate of insoluble iron-arsenic compounds such as Fe(AsO)4. This is also confirmed by XRD results, which revealed that none of such crystalline iron-arsenic compounds were detected in the arsenic-iron hydroxide sludge. Therefore, adsorption among other possible arsenic immobilization mechanisms, namely, precipitation, coprecipitation, and occlusion, is supposed to play the major role. Due to the TCLP, the arsenic concentrations ranging from 0.26 to 2.54?mg/L were leached out of the sludge samples with the As-to-Fe ratios ranging from 0.07 to 0.15, respectively. The changes of FT-IR patterns of the sludge after the TCLP suggested that during the TCLP, desorption and resorption of arsenic occurs. The relationship between arsenic in TCLP leachate and that remaining in the leached sludge can be modeled by Langmuir isotherm, an adsorption isotherm. This indicates that desorption and resorption of arsenic onto the leached sludge is the main phenomenon controlling arsenic leachability due to the TCLP.     

砷滤饼加压浸出工艺

江西铜业集团公司30万t铜冶炼扩产,砷滤饼的产量将大幅增加,原有的设备已不能满足生产需求,本文研究了在原有设备基础上,新增压力浸出砷滤饼的工艺流程,并确定最佳工艺条件。     

冶炼厂含砷废水的硫化沉淀与碱浸

研究了铜冶炼厂含砷废水的硫化处理及其产物硫化砷渣的碱性浸取。当含砷废水pH值为0.8、总砷浓度为3.44g/L时,在26℃下按硫化钠与砷的物质的量之比为2.25∶1加入硫化钠,搅拌反应20min后,砷沉淀率达到95.39%。将所得硫化砷渣进行氢氧化钠浸取,当反应温度为90℃、固液比为1∶6、反应时间为1.5h、NaOH与As2S3物质的量之比为7.2∶1时,砷浸取率达到95.90%,铜浸出率仅为0.087%。碱浸浸取后渣中Cu、Bi质量百分含量分别从10.90%、1.85%提高到50.003%、10.625%,As含量从18.17%下降至2.612%。实验表明冶炼厂含砷废水经过硫化处理及碱性浸取,废水中Cu、Bi、As能够有效分离。     

Arsenic removal from copper ores and concentrates through alkaline leaching in NaHS media

Removal of arsenic impurity in ores and concentrates containing copper (Cu) through alkaline leaching in NaHS media was investigated in this work. Samples containing Cu from 10 to 40 wt.% and arsenic from 0.8 to 14 wt.% with enargite (Cu₃AsS₄) as main arsenic bearing mineral were used as starting materials and all leaching tests were conducted at 80 °C under normal atmospheric pressure. Solution and/or slurry potential and pH were maintained consistently below − 500 mV (SHE) and above 12.5 respectively with the addition of NaHS and NaOH, creating a reducing environment for arsenic dissolution and conversion of Cu₃AsS₄ to Cu₂S. Pulp density ranged from 100 to 1000 g/L, NaHS and NaOH reagents were added at 50–200 g/L each and leaching time varied from 10 min to 10 h.Characterization of solid samples (original and leach residue) by XRD and XRF analyses and chemical analysis of both solid and solution samples by ICP analysis showed that Cu₃AsS₄ in the starting material was completely decomposed or transformed to Cu₂S and arsenic released into solution as As (III)/As³⁺ ions (Na₃AsS₃). Over 90% of arsenic in the starting materials was removed within 1–3 h for materials with arsenic content from 1 to 4 wt.% and within 3–6 h for materials with arsenic content over 4–10 wt.%. Dissolution and analysis of leach residues obtained after leaching by ICP indicated that arsenic in the starting materials has been reduced in all cases to below 0.5 wt.%. In all test conditions dissolution of Cu and Fe into solution was not detected, indicating selective leaching of arsenic. NaHS application for removal of arsenic in Cu-ores and/or concentrates was demonstrated in this work and further research is in progress to develop a process to include treatment of arsenic leached into solution.     

亚砷酸工艺改进及今后发展初探

贵冶亚砷酸工程是贵冶一期工程配套的环保项目 ,该工程于 1992年投产 ;经过几年的优化、改进 ,目前生产稳定。本文简要介绍工艺情况及笔者对今后发展的一点思考 ,供大家探讨。