齿轮渗碳淬火变形控制

介绍了渗碳淬火热处理工艺对齿轮变形的影响、减小齿轮渗碳淬火变形的控制措施和苏冶重工齿轮渗碳淬火变形控制实例.     

轴承钢球化未遂组织的辨析与热处理

一、前言为了改善GG15钢的机械加工性能,减小淬火变形,提高零件淬火状态的韧性、耐磨性及使用寿命,球化退火早已是轴承钢热处理的关键工序之一。目前,在冶金和轴承行业,已经应用不断完善的专业标准《YB     

齿轮渗碳热处理变形及对策

本文对渗碳热处理的变形规律与变形原因进行了详细的介绍,对零件热处理变形的有关原因进行了全面的总结,把整个齿轮制造过程的因素较全面的进行考虑,在变形的因素中从材料因素到工艺因素等方面进行分析,在对策方面从预热处理到淬火介质及工装夹具进行考虑,并有针对性地提出了解决对策。     

金属材料的热处理变形及开裂研究

金属材料的热处理可以增强金属材料的稳定性,但在热处理过程中会引起金属材料的变形和开裂,从而影响金属零件的质量和性能。文章探讨造成金属发生变形开裂问题的原因,包括热处理、组织应力、错误选择了冷却方式,温度控制不够合理等,分析影响金属变形与开裂的常见因素,提出了解决热处理变形与开裂的策略,包括预处理、执行好淬火工艺、选用合理的冷却与装夹方式、完善机械化加工工序等,以供同行参考。     

35CrMo滑板表面淬火工艺研究

文章介绍了利用中频感应加热设备对滑板零件淬火的工艺,测量不同规格滑板淬火后的变形量,并就滑板弯曲变形的矫直工艺进行了深入的探索与实践,提出了零件矫直中应注意的问题,使变形量控制在0.3~0.8mm以内。     

热处理对弧齿锥齿轮变形的影响

弧齿锥齿轮机械加工成形后的热处理变形,包括轮坯的变形(定位孔、支承端面、轴颈等变形)和齿圈的牙齿变形,都与齿轮的结构、齿坯金相组织和金属流线形状及热处理工艺参数的变化等因素有关。 一般弧齿锥齿轮热处理后的螺旋角及齿侧间隙减小,压力角也产生变化,将引起齿面接触区的变化,加大齿轮的运转噪音。 1,影响齿轮热处理变形的主要因素 1)齿轮的结构因素:齿轮外形太大太薄的环形被动齿轮,或又细又长的轴形主动齿轮,容易引起变形,热处理后的齿面容易呈现“游离状”的接触区,即与齿圈对称180°位置上的轮齿同侧齿面接触区不一致。     

极薄高强钢板辊压式连续淬火装备技术与应用

极薄高强钢板高平直度淬火是行业技术难题。基于对高效换热和淬火变形机理的新认识,提出宽薄钢板受约束淬火变形机制和低残余应力淬火方法,发明多机架高刚度液压伺服控制辊系、高强均匀阵列射流水刀等核心部件,研制成功国际首套极薄高强钢板辊压式淬火装备和非对称淬火、差速拉伸淬火、逐级约束淬火等淬火新技术,自主集成了3~6 mm极薄超高强钢板热处理工艺技术体系。应用该装备技术后,3 mm钢板淬火不平度不大于3~4 mm/2 m,钢板热处理后切割不变形、焊后180°折弯不开裂,实现批量稳定淬火生产。     

基于旋转装取料的立式淬回火热处理生产线的设计与应用

介绍了航空锻造零件热处理用的基于旋转装取料的立式淬回火生产线的结构特点、设计方案及使用状况,重点介绍装取料操作机、立式淬火加热炉、淬火油槽、清洗槽和立式回火炉的设计及其特点,总结了航空锻造零件热处理生产线的使用效果及其在技术上的应用价值。     

2Cr13卡箍裂纹分析

对卡箍零件进行淬火、回火热处理后发现部分2Cr13卡箍零件周边表面有多条裂纹,用化学分析、金相检验、显微硬度检查、扫描电镜等方法对卡箍裂纹进行了分析。结果表明：卡箍裂纹产生的原因是锻造后未及时退火,产生组织应力导致零件开裂,在随后的热处理中使裂纹扩展并加深增多。     

车轮热处理过程中的变形分析

在考虑了温度、相变及应力的耦合作用的基础上,运用有限元法分析了车轮热处理过程的变形。车轮热处理变形主要发生在淬火阶段,且集中在辐板两端的圆弧处。辐板的变形导致轮毂沉降,并在淬火结束时达到峰值,在随后的回火和冷却过程中沉降减小,热处理结束后HDSA840车轮沉降达1.3 mm。     

Numerical Simulation on Carburizing and Quenching of Gear Ring

 The carburizing process of the gear ring was simulated by taking into account the practical carburizing and quenching techniques of the gear ring and by solving the diffusion equation. The carbon content distribution in the carburized layer was obtained. Based on the results, the quenching process of the gear ring was then simulated using the metallic thermodynamics and FEM; it was found that the carburization remarkably affects the quenching process. Microstructures and stress distributions of the gear ring in the quenching process were simulated, and the results are confirmed by experiments.     

18CrNiMo7-6���ִָ�״��֯���Ƽ������ѧ���ܵ�Ӱ��

Effect of normalized cooling treatment on banded structure of gear steel 18CrNiMo7-6 was analyzed through metallographic microscope. Effects of banded structures with different degree on micro hardness uniformity, composition segregation, mechanical properties of test steels after quenching and tempering were analyzed through microhardness tester, scanning electron microscope, tensile testing machine, impact testing machine and metallographic microscope. The results show that, banded structure can be reduced to 1.5 degree after austenizing heat preservation at 930??, Strong wind cooling to 610??, furnace cooling to 400?? and then air cooling. But continuous rapid cooling can result in the formation of a large amount of bainite; Micro hardness range of test steels with different banded structure degree is between 30~35 HB after quenching at 850?? and tempering at 180??. Hardness uniformity and anisotropy of mechanical properties are comparable.     

18CrNiMo7-6齿轮钢带状组织控制及其对力学性能的影响

采用金相显微镜研究了正火冷却工艺对18CrNiMo7-6齿轮钢带状组织的影响.采用显微硬度计、SEM、拉伸试验机、冲击试验机以及金相显微镜研究了不同程度带状组织对淬回火后试验钢显微硬度的均匀性、成分偏析程度和力学性能的影响.试验结果表明：在930℃奥氏体化保温后,采用强风冷却方式快速冷却到610℃,再炉冷到400℃,最后空冷至室温,可以将带状组织降低到1.5级.但若采用连续快速冷却的方式,则会导致大量贝氏体组织的生成;不同带状组织试验钢经850℃淬火、180℃回火热处理后,显微硬度极差值在30~35 HB 之间,硬度分布均匀性及力学性能各向异性程度相当.     

Recent process in special steel,heat treatment and surface modification of automotive components

Demand of improving the mechanical properties and productivity of automotive components while minimizing environmental impact makes the development of special steel combined with advance heat treatment and surface modification technologies become an important research area. Recently,to reduce CO₂ emissions by saving the manufacturing time,the following new special steel and advance heat treatment methods were developed: （1 ） An anti-coarsening extra-fine case hardening steel for automobile gear was developed,whose carburizing temperature can be improved for conventional 930 - 950℃to 1 050℃without coarsening,and the carburizing time can be reduced by maximum 75%. （2） Various microalloyed steels for fracture splitting connecting rod were developed.By using the above-mentioned steel combined with Thermo Mechanical Control Process（TMCP） method,the manufacturing time can be reduced by 30%-40%. （3） Vacuum carburizing and mild carburizing combined with induction quenching are being developed to replace the traditional gas carburizing,and the CO₂ emissions can be reduced by 20%-40%. （4） Intensive quenching is another new quenching technology which can be defined as cooling usually with pure water quenchant or low concentration water/salt solutions at a rate several times higher than the rate of " normal" or conventional quenching,and the conventional effective case hardening depth can be reduce greatly and carburizing time can reduced. In addition,the high pressure gas quenching for reducing the quenching distortion and dual shot-peening for improving fatigue strength of gear will also be discussed. In a word,the present paper will focus on how to use the interaction among the development of special steel, advance heat treatment and surface modification to improve the strength of automotive components while reducing the manufacturing cost and impact to environment.     

扇形齿轮开齿调质工艺研制

介绍了扇形齿轮经开齿后调质的一种工艺方法,调质时采取新型的防变形工装制具,减小了扇形齿轮开齿后调质的变形,保证了扇形齿轮的齿面硬度均匀,基体具有良好的综合力学性能,同时又满足了精加工的要求及精度。     

PLC在齿轮淬火机中的应用

本文介绍ＯＭＲＯＮ－ＳＹＳＭＡＣ－Ｃ２０Ｈ型可编程序控制器在齿轮淬火机中的应用及其系统组成与程序设计。该机可靠性高、功能强、操作简便，实现了齿轮淬火机的自动加工。     

机械式立体停车设备自动控制系统的设计

机械式立体停车设备是以PLC为控制核心，集机、光、电于一体的停车设备。本文通过安徽马钢吉顺智能停车设备有限公司内部展示用车库的工程实例，介绍升降横移机械式立体停车设备的工作原理及其控制系统的设计方法和思路。     

Anisotropic Distortion of Tool Steels D2 and M3 during Gas Quenching and Tempering

Heat treatment of forged high alloyed tool steels produces anisotropic dimensional change. In the present work, the distortion behaviour of tool steels D2 and M3 during gas quenching and tempering was investigated. The influences of material manufacturing processes including casting, forging and powder metallurgy on anisotropic distortion were investigated. Rectangular samples were quenched in a vacuum furnace with high pressure gas cooling. The sample distortion was measured by a coordinate measuring machine. By means of dilatometry and metallography, the possible mechanism of anisotropic distortion was investigated. Experimental results showed that the distortion of cast and powder metallurgical steels was nearly isotropic because of an isotropic carbide arrangement, but the distortion of ingot cast and forged steels was apparently anisotropic during gas quenching and tempering. The carbide bands are the main cause of anisotropic distortion in the investigated steels. Dilatometric experiments showed that phase transformation plays an important role in the mechanism of anisotropic distortion. First simulations of the dimensional change during quenching indicated that transformation induced plasticity is the main mechanism by which anisotropic distortion occurs in this type of steels.     

特厚钢板辊式淬火技术研发与应用

针对目前特厚钢板淬火生产存在的问题，在核心喷嘴设计、淬火区配置、残水清除、淬火技术、淬火策略几个方面进行创新。在舞钢成功研发世界首套特厚钢板辊式淬火机，并通过测试特厚钢板淬火过程中不同位置的温降曲线与组织性能，研究冷速与温度梯度对截面效应的影响。经工业验证，特厚板辊式淬火机从温度均匀性、表面质量、淬火板形、性能等方面全面超越水槽淬火设备。     

直齿锥齿轮切齿机模板设计及其数控化的探讨

分析仿形切齿机工作原理及其机构运动，在建立锥齿轮球面渐开线齿廓方程的基础上，确立切齿机模板设计的精确方法；进而提出切齿机的数控化方案，建立定量控制的数学模型，为开发大型锥齿轮数控切齿机创建了理论基础。