弹丸高速冲击条件下高强度钢板抗弹性能

为了研究弹丸高速冲击条件下不同洁净度的40CrNi2Mo钢板的抗弹性能,利用12.7 mm穿甲燃烧弹对抗拉强度分别为800和1 200 MPa级的钢板进行抗弹性能测试。通过观察不同强度钢板出现的损伤形貌,评定背面强度极限,分析了穿甲机制。结果表明:抗拉强度为800 MPa级的钢板在弹丸冲击过程中以塑性扩孔方式侵彻,抗弹性能随着强度升高而提高,与洁净度关系不大。抗拉强度为1 200 MPa级的钢板,弹丸冲击过程中因钢板较低的绝热剪切临界失稳应变而出现绝热剪切;由于塑韧性较低,低洁净度钢板阻止绝热剪切引发裂纹扩展的能力较弱,因此形成与绝热剪切相关的裂纹,导致抗弹性能降低;高洁净度钢板抗弹性能相对较高,因背面出现剪切裂纹而失效,此裂纹与绝热剪切无关。     

弹丸高速冲击条件下高强度钢板抗弹性能

摘要：为了研究弹丸高速冲击条件下不同洁净度的40CrNi2Mo钢板的抗弹性能，利用12.7mm穿甲燃烧弹对抗拉强度分别为800和1200MPa级的钢板进行抗弹性能测试。通过观察不同强度钢板出现的损伤形貌，评定背面强度极限，分析了穿甲机制。结果表明：抗拉强度为800MPa级的钢板在弹丸冲击过程中以塑性扩孔方式侵彻，抗弹性能随着强度升高而提高，与洁净度关系不大。抗拉强度为1200MPa级的钢板，弹丸冲击过程中因钢板较低的绝热剪切临界失稳应变而出现绝热剪切；由于塑韧性较低，低洁净度钢板阻止绝热剪切引发裂纹扩展的能力较弱，因此形成与绝热剪切相关的裂纹，导致抗弹性能降低；高洁净度钢板抗弹性能相对较高，因背面出现剪切裂纹而失效，此裂纹与绝热剪切无关。     

两种不同强塑性薄钢板抗弹性能的试验和数值模拟

 利用51B式7.62mm手枪弹对不同强度和塑性的薄钢板进行枪击试验,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对试验过程进行数值模拟,对试验和数值模拟过程的钢板破坏形貌、背凸高度、残余弹丸长度等宏观形貌进行比较。结合抗弹过程中弹丸和钢板消耗的能量,分析了强度和塑性对钢板抗弹性能的影响。结果表明：尽管两种钢板的抗拉强度和断后伸长率差异较大,但其抗51B式7.62mm手枪弹性能相当。试验和数值模拟结果吻合较好,模拟方法能够正确地反映弹丸冲击靶板过程。因较高强度钢板使弹丸变形消耗的能量大于较低强度钢板,塑性较好钢板本身变形消耗的能量大于较低塑性钢板,从而解释了两种钢板抗弹性能相当的试验结果。     

高强度装甲钢中绝热剪切破坏研究

为了研究高强度装甲钢的穿甲破坏机理，采用１２．７ｍｍ弹道枪垂直射击１５ｍｍ厚的Ｍｎ－Ｃｒ－Ｎｉ－Ｍｏ－Ｂ高强度装甲钢板，弹丸速度在３５０～５００ｍ／ｓ内变化，分析了绝热剪切带的产生及其对冲塞穿甲的作用。试验结果表明，当弹靶参数一定时，高强度钢板中易发生绝热剪切导致的冲塞穿甲，由微观组织和硬度测试证明绝热剪切带是一种转变带。转变带内的裂纹和沿转变带扩展的裂纹对装甲的钢的破坏影响极大。     

低成本XRF001钛合金抗弹性能研究

研究了一种新型装甲用低成本钛合金XRF001的组织与性能,重点对其抗弹性能进行了测试,分析了抗弹机理。结果表明：普通退火态XRF001钛合金板材的强度、塑性、硬度和冲击韧性匹配良好,抗弹性能与ATI425-MOD钛合金相当,优于ATI425钛合金。XRF001钛合金在不同热处理状态下的组织不同,抗弹性能也不同,普通退火态下的抗弹性能优于双重退火态。经普通退火后,XRF001钛合金中形成的细小板条及片层状组织能够改变绝热剪切带走向,改变裂纹扩展路径,消耗更多的能量,有利于提高抗弹性能。     

材料因素对装甲钢板抗弹性能的影响

 描述了与动能穿甲弹侵彻过程相关的钢板材料因素和力学性能,分析了硬度、洁净度、均匀性和组织对装甲钢板抗弹行为的影响。认为硬度对抗弹性能影响最显著,并且只有达到强韧性的最佳配合,装甲钢才能具有最优的抗弹性能。     

钛会论文 高强度低成本Ti5322钛合金的抗弹性能及其抗弹机理研究

本文开展了高强度低成本Ti5322钛合金的抗弹性能及其抗弹机理研究,通过采用底推105长杆形穿甲模拟弹丸,对厚度为45mm的均质Ti5322钛合金靶板开展终点弹道侵彻实验,研究了高强度低成本Ti5322钛合金在长杆形穿甲弹丸侵彻条件下的抗弹性能及其抗弹机理,并探究了该低成本钛合金的典型抗弹效应：倾角效应。结果表明,高强度低成本Ti5322钛合金的质量防护系数高达1.80,和均质装甲钢相比提高了80％；其空间防护系数和均质装甲钢相当,约为1.02。结合损伤后靶板的宏微观损伤分析,发现：在长杆形穿甲弹丸的侵彻条件下,高强度低成本Ti5322钛合金的损伤机制和抗弹机理是通过自身的绝热剪切局域化行为实现的；这种Ti5322钛合金靶板的绝热剪切局域化行为,一方面,通过靶板的变形破碎协调了弹体侵入过程的挤凿作用；另一方面,弹靶作用过程中发生的弹靶互侵蚀行为有效的消耗了弹体动能。对高强度低成本Ti5322钛合金倾角效应的研究发现,在长杆形穿甲弹丸的侵彻条件下,Ti5322钛合金的倾角效应表现为正效应,这是因为,随着弹丸侵彻角度的增大,在弹靶作用初期就发生了严重的弹靶互侵蚀行为。     

热处理工艺对高压配管用15NiCuMoNb5-6-4钢板组织和性能的影响

为了满足高温高压配管用钢板较高的性能要求,在实验室试验的基础上研究了不同回火处理工艺对钢板显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:采用合理的正火+回火工艺,生产钢板获得铁素体+珠光体+少量贝氏体组织,且随着回火温度的升高,抗拉强度和硬度降低,屈服强度和韧性先升高再降低,塑性提高,综合力学性能优异。     

500HB级装甲钢抗弹性能和工艺性能研究

500HB级别装甲钢因其具有独特抗弹性能、折弯成型性能,成为新一代轮式装甲车车身主要材料。本文针对南钢研制的500HB装甲钢,研究4～30 mm厚钢板化学成分设计、显微组织类型、抗弹极限、折弯极限。     

高强度低成本Ti5322合金的抗弹性能及其抗弹机理研究

采用底推式105 mm长杆穿甲模拟弹,对厚度为45 mm的高强度低成本Ti5322合金靶板开展了终点弹道侵彻实验,研究了该合金的抗弹性能与抗弹机理,并探究了合金的典型抗弹效应——倾角效应。结果表明,Ti5322合金的质量防护系数为1.80,空间防护系数为1.02。Ti5322合金的损伤机制和抗弹机理是通过自身的绝热剪切局域化行为实现的。这种绝热剪切局域化行为,一方面通过靶板的变形破碎协调了弹体侵入过程的挤凿作用;另一方面,弹靶作用过程中发生的弹靶互侵蚀行为有效地消耗了弹体动能。     

Recent development in standards of steels used for pressure vessels in China

In this paper,five items of standards of steels used for pressure vessels which are issued recently or about to be issued and put into effect have been introduced.The differences of standards mentioned above and the former standards and the primary qualifications have been formulated.These qualifications indicate that,some qualifications of national standards of steels used for pressure vessels are on the international advanced level.     

Effect of the particle size ratio on the conductivity of conductor-insulator powder composites: Numerical simulation

A theoretical method for determining the percolation limit and effective conductivity of composites based on polydisperse mixtures of insulator and conductor powders is proposed. The effect of the particle size ratio between the insulator and conductor on the percolation limit and effective conductivity is studied. Numerical simulation of the microstructure, effective properties, and percolation limit in composites is discussed. __________ Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Vol. 46, No. 1–2(453), pp. 31–40, 2007.     

Effect of Hardfaced Interlayer Thickness and Low Hydrogen Ferritic Capping on Ballistic Performance of Shielded Metal Arc Welded Armour Steel Joints

Armour grade quenched and tempered steel closely confirming to AISI 4340 is well known for its superior ballistic performance and hence used in the fabrication of combat vehicles. The traditional fillers like austenitic stainless steel showed poor ballistic performance of these welded joints as compared to the base metal. Attempts have been made to deposit hardfaced interlayer between austenitic stainless steel weld metals. Though this method, marginal improvements in ballistic performance can be yielded, and cracks were observed in between base metal and hardfaced layer. Thickness of the hardfaced interlayer plays a vital role for the effective ballistic performance. Thus, an attempt has been made to investigate the effect of hardfaced interlayer thickness on ballistic performance of armour steel welds. The results of effect of buttering, low hydrogen ferritic (LHF) filler and three different hardfaced layer thicknesses (4, 5.5 and 7 mm) on ballistic performance of shielded metal arc welded armour steel joints were given.     

高氮奥氏体不锈钢强韧化及抗弹性能研究进展

 高氮奥氏体不锈钢(high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel,HNASS)是一种目前正在蓬勃发展的新型不锈钢,被广泛运用到交通运输、海洋工程、建筑材料、医疗器材和军事工业等领域。节镍高氮的奥氏体不锈钢相比于传统奥氏体不锈钢,其具有优良的综合力学性能,如高强度、高韧性、大的蠕变抗力、良好的耐腐蚀性能。氮在HNASS中具有很好的固溶、细晶、形变和沉淀强化效应,体现了氮在钢中多方位作用,对于奥氏体不锈钢强度的提升具有显著的效果。在多种强化效应中,氮的固溶强化产生了和细晶强化类似的效果,即在使用氮元素提高材料强度时,不降低其材料塑性。同时,在动态力学性能方面,HNASS的压缩应变速率在不断增加的情况下,抗压强度则先增大后减小,而应变硬化指数则会相应增加,使HNASS也具有优异的吸能效果和冲击硬化性能,尤其是动态冲击硬化性能,其通过塑性区域增加来消耗更多的塑性变形能,使HNASS在抗弹装甲防护领域具有广阔应用前景。为了系统全面地分析HNASS的氮元素强化机理、动态防护性能研究现状,从HNASS中氮元素的作用及其动态力学性能和侵彻板靶作用影响规律几个方面,结合国内外研究现状系统综述了氮强韧化机理和抗弹性能性能影响,并提出了HNASS在高效固氮工艺、氮含量梯度影响、多组元复合材料体系等3个方面的研究展望。     

The point of no return in choice reaction time: Controlled and ballistic stages of response preparation.

Used a countermanding procedure and race model to assess separately the effects of experimental factors before and after the "point of no return" in response preparation (i.e., where the decision to move becomes irrevocable) in 3 experiments with 22 undergraduates. Results reveal details about processes that so closely precede the initiation of movement that they cannot be inhibited. These processes appear to be affected by the repetition of stimulus–response pairs but not by the physical or semantic properties of the stimuli. Findings support a model of response preparation in which (a) response inhibition depends on the outcome of a race between independent excitatory and inhibitory processes and (b) reaction time (RT) is the sum of the durations of at least 2 stages, separated by the point of no return. (54 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)