激光功率对激光熔覆FeCrBSi合金组织和性能的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在 45 钢表面制备了 FeCrBSi 熔覆层, 研究了激光功率对熔覆层组织和硬度的影响规律。 试验结果表明, 激光熔覆 FeCrBSi 熔覆层上部、 中部和下部的组织分别为等轴晶、 胞状晶和胞状树枝晶、 平面晶。 在扫描速率 8 mm/s, 送粉率 33 g/min, 光斑直径 3.19 mm, 激光功率 1800~3400 W 的条件下, 随着激光功率的增 加, 熔覆层不同位置的显微组织变粗; 熔覆层硬度先升高再降低; 熔覆层磨损体积先减少后增加; 熔覆层的自腐 蚀电位先升高后降低; 自腐蚀电流密度先降低后升高。 当激光功率为 2600 W 时, 熔覆层具有最高显微硬度 669 HV0.2, 熔覆层耐磨性最好, 磨损体积为基体 59.8 %, 同时熔覆层的耐蚀性最优, 自腐蚀电位为 -426.41 mV, 自 腐蚀电流密度为 0.45 μA/cm2。     

激光熔覆Fe基TiC涂层的组织与性能

采用激光熔覆方法在45#钢基体上制备含TiC质量分数为20%~50%的Fe基TiC复合涂层。分别用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X线衍射(XRD)、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损机对熔覆层的微观组织、物相、硬度及耐磨性进行研究。结果表明:当TiC质量分数为30%时,涂层组织致密,TiC颗粒分布均匀、部分溶解、尺寸减小;涂层主要是由α-Fe固溶体,Fe C,Fe B,B4C,B4Si,Cr5B3,Ti B以及未溶解的TiC等组成;当TiC质量分数为30%时,熔覆层平均维氏硬度为783.8,磨损率为45#钢基体的1/38。     

高锰钢表面激光熔覆Fe-WC复合涂层的组织与性能

采用激光熔覆技术在高锰钢基体上制备了不同WC含量的Fe-WC复合熔覆层,研究了WC添加量对熔覆层组织和性能的影响.试验结果表明,不同WC含量的Fe-WC熔覆层均含有马氏体、M7C3碳化物和未熔WC颗粒,当加入20wt.％的WC时,熔覆层中出现了残余奥氏体,共晶碳化物呈鱼骨状沿晶界析出.Fe-WC熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性随着...     

高功率半导体激光宽带熔覆WC-NiSiB耐磨涂层的组织结构与性能

采用3kW高功率半导体激光器,在45钢基体上制备不同WC含量(质量分数20%~80%)的WC-NiSiB复合涂层,用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)及X射线衍射(XRD)对熔覆层的微观组织、成分分布及物相进行表征,并测试涂层试样的硬度与耐磨性能。结果表明,激光熔覆WC-NiSiB复合涂层组织主要由γ-Ni、WC、W2C、WB、W2B、Ni4B3及Ni4W等物相组成,熔覆层与基体形成冶金结合。涂层与基体的结合区,从熔合线开始逐渐向上的组织依次为垂直于界面的胞状晶、柱状晶和枝状晶,熔覆层中部为沿一定方向生长的树枝晶,表层为异向生长的细小树枝晶。随WC颗粒含量增加,涂层中WC颗粒分布更加密集。WC含量为60%时,WC颗粒分布均匀致密,熔覆层无裂纹,熔覆层的硬度最高达到1291HV,为NiSiB合金层硬度的2.7倍,耐磨性是NiSiB合金层的6.8倍。     

激光熔覆Stellite 6合金涂层的组织和耐腐蚀性能研究

采用半导体激光器在H13钢基体表面制备了Stellite 6钴基合金涂层,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、光学显微镜(OM)和电化学工作站研究了不同激光功率下涂层的物相组成、显微组织及电化学腐蚀行为。结果表明,激光功率对涂层的物相组成没有明显影响,涂层均由γ-Co、CoC_X和Cr₇C₃相组成。随着激光功率的增大,涂层由柱状晶和少量树枝晶的混合组织,转变为细小均匀的等轴晶,再至粗大的柱状树枝晶。不同激光功率下Stellite 6涂层在3.5%(质量分数) NaCl溶液中的自腐蚀电位均高于H13钢,而腐蚀电流密度均低于H13钢,且激光功率为3 000 W时涂层具有最佳的耐腐蚀性能。电化学阻抗谱规律与极化曲线保持一致,表明了激光熔覆Stellite 6合金涂层可以有效提高H13钢的耐腐蚀性能。     

H13模具钢表面激光熔覆Co基合金涂层的组织和性能

采用CO2连续激光器在H13模具钢表面制备Co基合金涂层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机等设备分析测试了熔覆层的微观组织和性能。结果表明:激光熔覆层与H13钢基材之间呈现良好的冶金结合特征。熔覆层与基材的结合区为粗大柱状晶和细小共晶组织,熔覆层中部呈典型亚共晶组织特征,表层为致密而细小的亚共晶组织。经过激光熔覆处理后,H13钢基材表面硬度和耐磨性得到了显著改善。     

激光熔覆Ti基NiAlSi合金涂层的组织及高温抗氧化性能研究

通过激光熔覆工艺在Ti4合金表面生成了NiAlSi涂层,分析了涂层物相组成、显微组织结构及在860℃时的抗氧化性能。研究结果表明:Ti4合金和涂层的结合部位形成了熔合线,可以推断涂层和钛合金之间形成了良好的冶金结合状态,且在涂层的底部区域形成了众多的柱状晶,涂层中包含了Ti₅Si₃与Al₃Ni₂两种主要成分。涂层的耐高温氧化性能优于钛合金,经过40 h的高温氧化处理后,粉末涂层的质量增加值是2.19 mg·cm-2,比Ti4合金的耐高温氧化性能提高了12倍左右。在860℃下进行40 h氧化处理,涂层与氧化膜之间保持紧密结合状态,未看到有脱落情况出现,氧化膜的主要成分是Al₂O₃。     

TiC含量对激光熔覆TiC增强双相不锈钢复合涂层性能的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在40 Cr Ni Mo基材上制备了TiC增强双相不锈钢复合熔覆层,熔覆层物相主要由奥氏体、马氏体、M₇C₃型碳化物和TiC组成。其中M₇C₃型碳化物主要包括Fe₇C₃、Cr₇C₃或者(Fe、Cr)₇C₃三种,TiC按尺寸可分为熔解后析出的微米级TiC以及粗大的未熔TiC颗粒。析出的TiC颗粒为方块状,随着TiC添加量增加,呈花瓣状长大。未熔TiC颗粒与基材形成了扩散界面,具有很好的界面结合性。当加入30 wt.%TiC时,熔覆层具有最好的耐磨性,硬度可达55.26 HRC,磨损体积为2.54×10^-2 mm³,耐磨性是基材的3.37倍。     

宽带激光熔覆铸造WCp/Ni基合金梯度复合涂层的组织和性能

研究了宽带激光熔覆铸造WCp/Ni梯度复合涂层的组织和性能。结果表明,涂覆层与基材之间实现了冶金结合。熔覆层由基体组织γ-Ni枝晶、共晶组织γ-Ni M23C6、未熔铸造WCp以及M6C、M7C3、M23C6组成。熔覆层内硬度分布均匀、从熔覆层至基材的硬度变化平缓,避免了裂纹的产生。熔覆层的耐磨性随WCp含量的增加而提高。19－4号试样的耐磨性最好,比基材提高了3倍以上。     

超高速激光熔覆316L涂层的组织与性能

采用超高速激光熔覆技术,在45钢轴上制备了316L涂层;利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了涂层的显微组织,用能谱仪(EDS)和X-射线衍射(XRD)进行元素及物相分析,并测试了涂层的显微硬度和耐磨性。结果表明,超高速激光熔覆技术的光斑直径小、搭接率高,故涂层的平整度高;能量密度高(约9×10⁴W/cm²),粉末完全熔化,故涂层的致密度高;熔体的体量小,冷热转换速度快,过冷度△T大,晶粒细化明显;涂层中下部由快速凝固产生的细小枝晶以及枝晶间共晶相组成,中上部的晶粒逐渐向等轴晶粒转变;搭接分界处和熔覆层/基材界面处,两边的晶粒尺寸差异较大;激光对基材有一定的稀释作用;涂层厚度不均匀,与基材结合良好,为冶金结合;316L涂层物相由γ-Fe、Cr_0.19Fe_0.7Ni_0.11、Fe₆₃Mo₃₇组成;由于细晶强化和第二相强化机制,316L涂层的平均硬度(634.12HV_0.5)是45钢基体的3.07倍;耐磨性提高了31.8%,其...     

激光熔覆无碳Fe-Co-Mo高速钢涂层的组织结构与性能

用水雾化合金粉末为原料,通过同步送粉式激光熔覆技术在40Cr基材上制备无碳高速钢涂层,对涂层的显微硬度、红硬性和抗回火稳定性进行测试和分析,研究工艺参数对涂层形貌及硬度的影响。结果表明,在适宜的参数下能够在基材表面获得无宏观裂纹和气孔的无碳高速钢涂层。涂层致密度高、稀释率低,与基体呈现出良好的冶金结合。涂层熔覆态下显微硬度(HV0.2)达到700,经过600℃下1 h时效后,涂层硬度(HV0.2)明显提升至900。经过4次600℃保温1 h的时效后,涂层硬度(HV0.2)保持在800。此外在600℃保温30 h的长时间回火后,涂层仍然可以保持硬度(HV0.2)达750,相较于常规高速钢ASP2030以及热作模具钢H13具有更加出色的抗回火能力。     

Effect of yttrium on microstructure and mechanical properties of laser clad coatings reinforced by in situ synthesized TiB and TiC

Titanium-based composite coatings with and without Y particles were deposited by laser cladding on Ti6Al4V substrates. Solidification microstructure,phase constituents and distribution of the reinforcements with different morphologies,were investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA). In addition,the effects of the addition of Y on mechanical properties (in terms of microhardness and the cracking susceptibility) were also highlighted. The results showed that the coatings were composed of α-Ti cellular dendrites,coarse needle-shaped TiB phase and an eutectic in which a large number of needle-shaped TiB whiskers and a few equiaxial TiC particles were uniformly embedded. Y was not stable and was transformed into Y2O3 during laser cladding. The addition of Y could refine the microstructure of the coating by hastening the spheroidization of primary phase structure. Moreover,it could also decrease the activity of carbon and prevent solute atoms from traversing the interface and moving into primary phase structure,namely,increase the fraction volume of TiC in the coating. All of there factors made the cracking susceptibility of the coating containing Y reduced on the premise that microhardness of the coating was increased. Microhardness of the coating without Y ranged from HV 875.6 to HV 659.8,the average microhardness was about HV 747.9. For the coating with Y,microhardness changed from HV 876.5 to HV 741.5 and the average michardness was about HV 795.3. Fracture toughness of the upper,middle,bottom and interface of the coating without Y were 6.33,8.91,11.94 and 11.93 MPa.m1/2. Fracture toughness of the similar positions of the coating with Y were 8.58,12.93,13.81,17.11 MPa.m1/2,respectively. The coating with Y presented higher microhardness and fracture toughness in comparison with that without Y. Obviously,the addition of Y had a very positive effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings.     

Microstructure of Fe-Based Alloy Composite Coatings Reinforced by Ti (C0.3 N0.7) Particles Through Laser Cladding Technology

Fc-bascd alloy layer reinforced by Ti(C, N) particles was produced on the surface of cast steel. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for phase identification in the composite coating. The microstructure of laser cladding layer was analyzed by means of optical microscope (OM), electron probe microscope analyzer (EPMA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that Ti(C_0.3 N_0.7) particle is introduced by an in-situ metallurgical reaction of TiN particle and graphite powder in the process of laser cladding. The shape of lots of Ti(C_0.3 N_0.7) particle is irregular. The sizes of Ti(C_0.3 N_0.7) particles range from 0.1 to 6.0 μm, and they arc dispersed evenly in the matrix, which is fine dendritic or cellular crystal. A new kind of phase named Ti(C_0.3 N_0.7) particles arc tightly bonded with α-Fe microstructure, and there is a clean and smooth phase interface between ceramic reinforcement phase and the matrix.     

复合轧制SM45钢板的组织性能

 连铸坯直接轧制生产特厚钢板时,由于压缩比的限制,很难生产出厚度超过100 mm的高质量钢板。采用复合轧制工艺可生产出厚度为260 mm的SM45复合钢板。对钢板进行探伤、冷弯、拉伸、冲击及硬度等试验检验其结合度和力学性能。结果表明,复合轧制生产的SM45钢板结合度良好,未发现明显的缺陷存在。钢板复合界面与基体的强度均在600 MPa以上;[Z]向试样的强度也达到600 MPa以上,断面收缩率在30%以上;冲击功在37 J以上。钢板不同位置处的基本组织都为铁素体与珠光体,但晶粒尺寸不同。复合界面处的组织为一条铁素体为主的带状组织,该组织的产生是由先共析铁素体导致的。     

选区激光熔化 GH3625 显微组织及拉伸性能分析

激光选区熔化技术是增材制造技术的一种,该技术自诞生以来在金属样件制备过程中发挥越来越重要的作用。但是运用该技术制备成型件的组织研究尚未明确,本文以GH3625高温合金为例,研究选区激光熔化成型件组织特点及拉伸性能。结果表明,选区激光熔化成型件组织主要为胞状晶,选区激光熔化微熔池中,晶粒生长方向在同一个区域中呈现出典型的细小柱状晶(亚晶)和近似六边形的胞状晶。拉伸实验结果表明选区激光熔化成型试样具有良好的拉伸性能。     

等离子熔覆镍基合金的组织及其冲蚀磨损性能

为提高不锈钢材料的耐冲蚀磨损性能,以Ni46合金粉末为原料,采用等离子熔覆工艺在不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti基材上制备镍基合金涂层,分析了熔覆层的显微组织以及物相形貌和相结构等,测定了涂层的显微硬度.使用旋转圆盘实验机研究了Ni基等离子熔覆合金涂层在砂浆中的冲蚀行为.结果表明:材料的冲蚀磨损性能受到材料基本力学性能的限制,高硬度镍基涂层的抗冲蚀性能最好,在相同实验条件下其磨损率由小到大排列顺序为镍基涂层>0Cr13Ni5Mo>1Cr18Ni9Ti;镍合金层中奥氏体基体的固溶强化和硬质相有效抵御砂砾的冲击,是Ni基等离子熔覆合金层具有高抗冲蚀性能的主要原因.     

TC4合金基体上激光熔敷钛、铝、二氧化硅碳粉末的显微组织

Laser cladding experiment of Ti + Al + SiO2 + C was carried out on Ti6Al4V alloy substrate, thenthe microstructure of the clad layer was analyzed with SEM and its Anti - oxidation function was discussed.Analyses microstructure show that the clad coating can be divided into three zones along the depth direction:clad, binding and heat - affected zones. Ti5Si3 in the clad zone exists in the form of fine dendrites, TiAl matrix filling among Ti5Si3 dendrites plays a role of connecting the Ti5Si3 with the TiAl3 and transferring load,so the clad coating has been strengthened obviously.     

Microstructure of laser clad Ti ＋ Al ＋ SiO2 ＋ C powders on Ti6Al4V alloy

Laser cladding experiment of Ti ＋ Al ＋ SiO2 ＋ C was carried out on Ti6Al4V alloy substrate, then the micmstructure of the clad layer was analyzed with SEM and its Anti - oxidation function was discussed. Analyses microstructure show that the clad coating can be divided into three zones along the depth direction： clad, binding and heat -affected zones. Ti5Si3 in the clad zone exists in the form of fine dendrites, TiAI matrix filling among Ti5Si3 dendrites plays a role of connecting the Ti5Si3 with the TiAl3 and transferring load, so the clad coating has been strengthened obviously.