废水循环利用技术在电解锰生产中的实践应用

湿法冶炼电解金属锰生产过程中,需要使用大量的水进行冷却、冲氨、清洗等,水资源消耗量大,同时产生大量的工业废水,对环境保护造成极大的压力。对中信大锰矿业有限责任公司大新电解金属锰厂采用“零排放”废水处理工艺作了介绍,对工业废水实行源头控制、分类处理、循环使用,废水的处理取得了一定效果。     

Effective immunity to dental caries: passive transfer to rats to antibodies to Streptococcus mutans elicits protection

Rat dams, given intravenous injections of heat-killed Streptococcus mutans 6715, mutant C211 demonstrated significant agglutinin activity to the homologous S. mutans in colostrum, milk, and serum. This antibody activity was associated with the immunoglobulin G (IgG) class. High titers of anti-S. mutans antibody associated with the IgG class were also exhibited in the sera and saliva of the offspring that suckled these dams. After challenge with the homologous, live S. mutans, these offspring developed significantly fewer caries on all molar surfaces than did nonimmunized infected controls. A secretory immune response (manifested by the presence of specific IgA antibody to S. mutans in colostrum and milk) was elicited (i) in rat dams locally injected, in the region of the mammary gland, with heat-killed S. mutans antigen, and (ii) in other rat dams that were provided formalin-killed S. mutans in their drinking water. Offspring suckling these dams were challenged with virulent S. mutans before weaning and developed significantly fewer caries than did their infected controls. These findings clearly suggest that passively derived IgG or IgA antibodies to S. mutans are protective against dental caries.     

Counseling patients to quit smoking. What to say, when to say it, and how to use your time to advantage

Helping patients stop smoking is one of the most important--and frustrating--services primary care physicians can provide. Many physicians are reluctant to spend time talking about tobacco use with patients who show little or no interest in changing their habits. Fortunately, specific technique have been identified that can make the task easier. This article from the distinguished Nicotine Dependence Center of the Mayo Clinic looks at the "best practices" for dealing with nicotine dependence.     

Bronchial reactions to exposure to welding fumes

OBJECTIVES: To study the airway response and its mechanism to welding fumes in six welders with respiratory symptoms. METHODS: Methacholine and welding challenge tests were carried out. The concentration of welding fumes during the exposure test was measured. On two subjects who developed bronchoconstricition to welding challenge, additional tests were carried out including prick, patch, and inhalation challenges with metal salt solutions. RESULTS: Three subjects developed immediate bronchial reaction to exposure to welding fume; one to mild steel and stainless steel welding, another to mild steel and galvanised welding, and one only to galvanised welding. They all had a moderate to pronounced degree of non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The concentration of fumes during welding tests, particularly to galvanised welding, was high. An inhalation challenge test with zinc chloride salt solution in two subjects who reacted to galvanised welding was negative. Prick and patch tests with zinc chloride were also negative. CONCLUSION: The airway response to welding in these subjects is non-specific and is due to irritation rather than to sensitisation.     

Allergy to nuts and allergy to birch

Among 527 children and young in age from 2 months to 19 years of life it has been separated the group 70 with increased specific IgE levels to hazelnuts or/and to peanuts. In them it has been determined specific IgE to pollen birch and it has been make correlation the results with the symptoms. Specific IgE has been determined immunoenzymatic Visagnost Tosse Diagnostika method. The control group stand 34 children in the same age with the infections symptoms. In the infants group--13 (59.1%) had sIgE to birch, in children 2-3 age group--15 (75%), in 406 age--8 (72.7%), in the school age--7 (87.5%) and in young > 16 age--8 (88.9%). In the control group found absence sIgE to each of examination allergens. In 5 infants in the time of the pollen birch (April 1993) it has been manifestation dyspnoea. In group 2-3 age--in 10 (45.5%) found pollinosis symptoms, 12 (60%) had asthmatic dyspnoea, 7 (35%) atopic dermatitis, 2 (10%) allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and 5 (25%) abdominal pain with concomitant dyspnoea. It has been characteristic, that never found one of clinical allergic symptoms. In group 5-6 age and 7-15 age it has been dominated atopic dermatitis (63.3% and 87.5%), pollen asthma (45.4% and 62.5%) and pollinosis (45.4% and 25%). While in young 16 age--8 (88.8%) had pollinosis, 5 (55.5%) had atopic dermatitis and pollinosis. The conclusion: 1. In children which had specific IgE to nuts increased together with age specific IgE to birch. 2. The gravely pollinosis symptoms appear in small children in 1-2 age of life, already.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Reply to Levy and to Zaidel.

Responds to J. Levy's (see record 1984-07813-001) and E. Zaidel's (see record 1984-07231-001) comments on the present author's (see record 1984-07149-001) review of right-hemisphere language in split-brain patients. The present author replies to Levy's issues-oriented criticisms in which Levy contended that Gazzaniga characterized the right hemisphere as passive and subhuman; Gazzaniga denies this. The present author then responds to Zaidel's comments by reiterating his belief that there is no right-hemisphere profile for natural language. (13 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

迎接新挑战 进行再次创业

世界金融危机、经济危机已经形成,实业危机正在全球扩散,正如有的专家所说“走进危机还看不到出口”。近期,油价、房价、股市暴跌,工业品出厂价格和大宗商品价格大幅度下滑,老百姓的消费信心受到很大影响。这次危机使全世界的财富和资产缩水。金融危机已经造成部分投资银行倒闭。使金融机构的信用严重受损。因此,经济危机带来的影响非常巨大。经济危机造成股市下跌,工业品出厂价格与大宗商品价格下滑,以及工业产品过剩,对实体经济又形成了新的危机。所以说,实体经济的危机正在形成和蔓延。     

Minors' competence to consent to abortion.

Psychological evidence regarding minors' competence to consent to abortion is reviewed. Topics covered include the source and nature of advice regarding the abortion decision, conformity to peer and parent advice, how the "developmental tasks" of adolescence influence pregnancy decision making, and reasoning skills. The small sample size and limited generalizability of existing research make it difficult to draw conclusions about minors' competence. Although several areas of potential difference between the decision-making skills of minors and legal adults are identified, the psychological research presently provides no basis to restrict minors' decision making on the ground of competence alone. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Glutamic acid decarboxylase--gene to antigen to disease

Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) enzymes catalyse the formation of gamma-aminobuturic acid (GABA), which is a major transmitter in the central nervous system but also exerts functions in peripheral organs. Recent-molecular analyses have revealed surprising new roles for the GAD isoforms in human diseases of autoimmune character including neurological disorders and insulin-dependent diabetes. In the 1995 Frontiers in Medicine Symposium, the co-authors of this review discussed the genetics, cell biology, molecular immunology and the role of GAD as autoantigens in human autoimmunity. Studies on disease diagnosis, prediction, and prognosis have revealed unique patterns of reactivities in both cellular and humoral immune responses. Further work will be needed to establish whether the GAD molecules can be used to treat autoimmune diseases.     

Reply to Hyman and to Levy.

Replies to the objections of A. Hyman (1981) and S. M. Levy (1981) concerning the author's (see record 1980-10503-001) rejection of psychotherapy as the treatment of choice in health-habit modification (HHM). The case is restated for a shift away from an emphasis on intrapsychic variables in HHM. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Multimedia to teach urology to medical students

OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that an interactive multimedia-based computer application may be used to teach urology to undergraduate medical students. METHODS: Third-year medical students rotating on their urology clerkship were studied. Student knowledge was measured with a multiple choice test administered in a pretest-post-test experimental design. The educational intervention was a multimedia-based application that presented a clinical module on hematuria, using natural language-like entries. Student attitudes toward the multimedia application were assessed by a survey. RESULTS: Twenty-three consecutive third-year medical students participated. Mean pretest and post-test scores +/- standard deviation were 35%+/-11% versus 74%+/-17%, respectively, P<0.0001. Student questionnaire responses indicated highly positive opinions that the multimedia-based module was easy to use, was fun, provided natural patient responses, had clear exercises, provided immediate feedback, was educational, and had a nonthreatening format, and that the multiple choice questions were clear and fair. CONCLUSIONS: Multimedia-based education may be used to teach urology to undergraduate medical students.     

Reply to Humphreys and to Jensen.

Replies to L. G. Humphrey's (see PA, Vol 56:Issue 2) and A. R. Jensen's (see PA, Vol 56:Issue 2) criticisms of the authors' study on the effects of verbal strategy training on race differences in nonverbal reasoning test performance. The authors agree with Humphrey's argument that significant interactions cannot be proven with nested designs, although it is pointed out that his suggestion that there were large numbers of low-scoring Ss in both groups who did not understand the directions is misleading, since it ignores the other low scorers who were merely inefficient problem solvers. It is also argued that Jensen's implication that demonstrations of training effects are irrelevant for conclusions about racial genetic differences or the absence of such differences is incorrect because successful training logically eliminates the possibility of genetic inabilities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

努力工作把握机会创造价值掌握人生

1998年7月大学毕业时,当接我们到单位的汽车把我们拉得越来越远离城市时:当我面对喧嚣的机器、睁不开眼睛的灰尘时;当我手拿铁锹去掀高炉炉前渣沟的炉渣时:当我在帮师傅干活时.被别人无意用铁水烧伤我的脚时……我也曾对自己的未来迷茫过,不知自己的前途在何方.     

Memory T cell tolerance to superantigens is not due to increased susceptibility to apoptosis

Opioid peptides were analysed in tissue extracts of various brain structures and the pituitary gland from rats sacrificed by microwave irradiation, and compared with peptide levels in tissue extracts from decapitated rats. Dynorphin A, dynorphin B and Leu-enkephalinArg6, derived from prodynorphin, and Met-enkephalinArg6Phe7 from proenkephalin, were measured. Basal immunoreactive levels of dynorphin A and B were consistently higher in extracts from microwave-irradiated rats, whereas in these extracts immunoreactive levels of Leu-enkephalinArg6, an endogenous metabolite of dynorphin peptides, were either lower than, the same as or higher than in decapitated rats. Immunoreactive levels of Met-enkephalinArg6Phe7 were higher in microwave-irradiated rats. Effects of morphine treatment on prodynorphin peptide levels were evaluated and compared with previous findings in decapitated rats. Dynorphin immunoreactive levels were higher in the nucleus accumbens and striatum of morphine-tolerant rats than in corresponding areas in saline-treated rats. These results indicate tissue-specific metabolism of prodynorphin peptides and show that metabolism of opioid peptides occurs during the dissection procedure after decapitation of the rat even though precautions are taken to minimize degradation.