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1.
对TiO_2品位为74%的高钙镁钛渣物相组成及氯化行为、熔盐氯化生产粗四氯化钛过程的熔盐温度控制进行了分析。结果表明,在粗四氯化钛单炉产量为100t/d的条件下,通过合理调节返炉矿浆量,可将钛渣氯化过程的熔盐温度与混合炉气温度分别稳定控制在740~770℃与350~501℃,并产出平均固相含量4.06~4.1g/L的合格粗TiCl_4产品。  相似文献   

2.
针对以全攀枝花钛精矿冶炼的钛渣中Ti O2含量低、钙镁含量高的特点,分析了其熔盐氯化工艺关键控制点,并分别以Ti O2品位为74%、78%的钛渣为原料,研究了熔盐氯化工艺生产过程控制,分析比较了不同钛渣原料对产品粗四氯化钛质量的影响及粗四氯化钛生产成本的影响。结果表明:以全攀枝花钛精矿冶炼的Ti O2含量为74%、78%的高钙镁钛渣为熔盐氯化原料时,氯化熔盐中Ti O2、C含量宜控制在3%左右,循环泥浆中固体杂质含量宜控制在200 g/L左右。与采用Ti O2含量为78%钛渣相比,采用Ti O2含量为74%钛渣生产时氯化熔盐温度和收尘室进口气体控制温度降低30~50℃,石油焦、氯化钠单耗和废盐、收尘渣量增加,粗四氯化钛产品中固体杂质和VOCl3、Si Cl4、Fe Cl3含量较低。采用Ti O2含量为74%的钛渣为原料熔盐氯化生产粗Ti Cl4比采用Ti O2含量为78%的钛渣成本降低5%~10%。  相似文献   

3.
本文以炉型选择问题为中心,介绍了用无筛板熔盐氯化新技术,氯化攀枝花高钙镁钛渣制取粗TiCl_4的工业试验。文章指出,φ1000mm熔盐氯化工业试验炉连续运转63天,处理钛渣511t,产出粗TiCl_4926t,回收率达91.23%, 有效产能为18.68t/m~2·d,氯气单耗降到1.030t/tTiCl_4。试验证明,无筛板熔盐氯化具有炉子结构简单,生产操作方便,对钛渣适应性强,炉体寿命长等优点,是处理攀枝花高钙镁钛渣的一种有效的氯化方法。  相似文献   

4.
李开华 《钢铁钒钛》2015,36(2):7-12
开展了攀枝花74%品位钛渣熔盐氯化制备四氯化钛的试验研究,考察了74%品位钛渣作为氯化原料时,氯化炉温度控制、熔盐成分控制和产品质量情况,并对不同品位钛渣熔盐氯化时技术经济指标进行了对比分析。研究表明:使用攀枝花74%品位钛渣熔盐氯化生产高品质海绵钛用四氯化钛工艺可行,与采用78%钛渣熔盐氯化相比,每吨粗四氯化钛可节约成本98.3元。  相似文献   

5.
山西分公司氧化铝生产的新串联法技术采用烧结法粗液与拜耳法溶出浆液全合流补碱工艺。但由于粗液中碳酸钠含量较高,对系统造成一系列不利影响,严重制约新技术的实施。通过实验室试验,系统研究烧结法熟料低碳酸钠的溶出及沉降,确定适宜的工艺条件,进而在工业生产上进行试验及试运行。结果表明,新工艺粗液碳酸钠浓度降到5.97g/L以下,溶出沉降工序指标良好,系统稳定运行。  相似文献   

6.
针对攀枝花钢企欣宁化工有限公司精制车间粗TiCl4水解系统运行中存在的问题,在对水解粗TiCl4去除AICI,机理深入分析的基础上,进行了粗TiCl4的水解沉降实验,研究了被水解的粗TiCl4中固体杂质的最佳含量、水解粗TiCI。的加水量以及沉降时间,讨论分析了上述因素对粗TiCl4中A1Cl4去除率的影响。最终得出,控制粗TiCl4水解沉降工艺的关键点为最佳加水量为理论加水量的1.5倍,被水解的粗TiCl4中固体杂质含量最好调整存15~18g/L,最佳沉降时间为20h。  相似文献   

7.
主要针对多极镁电解槽生产氯气净化系统存在的除尘效率低、效果差及气体夹带酸雾多等问题进行了分析,并采取布袋除尘前增加重力沉降箱、优化硫酸洗涤塔淋洗用泵及管道结构、优化布袋除尘器用布袋材质,改变除沫器除沫丝网网孔直径等措施,将多极镁电解槽生产氯气中的粉尘由优化前的400μg/g降至目前的10μg/g以内;氯气夹带硫酸酸雾由优化前的700μg/g降至目前的100μg/g以内,使氯气质量达到了氯化工序制备粗TiCl4和液化系统对氯气质量的要求,大大降低浓硫酸及氯压机泵备件的消耗、避免了对氯气液化系统的堵塞和腐蚀严重等问题,降低了氯气净化系统的运行成本。  相似文献   

8.
铜粉除钒精制TiCl_4产生的尾渣成分复杂,容易水解生成腐蚀性气体,严重污染环境,且有价元素难以回收。根据铜粉除钒精制TiCl_4尾渣含有的化合物特征,研究了一种回收铜和其他有价元素的新方法,由NaCl-KCl熔盐中氯化、NaOCl氧化浸出CuCl_2、NaOH碱洗脱氯、H_2SO_4酸浸、冷却结晶制备CuSO_4等主要工序组成,CuSO_4·5H_2O结晶经过洗涤、过滤、干燥后,得到质量符合国家和行业要求的CuSO_4·5H_2O产品,Cu回收率达到94.5%。氯化工序蒸馏出的TiCl_4和VOCl_3混合物可经过分馏的方法分离回收Ti和V;海绵钛生产过程中的副产品废旧NaCl-KCl熔盐、NaOCl作为本工艺的原料,可降低生产成本。本工艺产生的滤渣和洗水均可在流程和海绵钛生产中再利用,因而不产出废弃物。  相似文献   

9.
采用干馏煤与石油焦的煤焦混合物为还原剂,在熔盐氯化法生产TiCl4过程中进行工业化生产试验,考察了采用干馏煤的影响及生产工艺参数的变化。结果表明:随着煤焦混合物中干馏煤比例的增加,钛渣和氯化钠单耗变化无明显的差异,氯化炉熔盐温度、炉顶烟气温度等都在控制范围内,验证了干馏煤在熔盐氯化中应用的可行性,降低了TiCl4生产成本。同时,生产过程中为避免熔盐温度控制偏高,当干馏煤与石油焦配比大于5︰5时,熔盐温度可按730~780 ℃控制;采用100%干馏煤时,熔盐温度可按720~760 ℃控制,为增强熔盐流动性,氯化钠的配比可适度增加。  相似文献   

10.
海绵钛生产过程会产生较多的“三废”,尤以废酸为最,pH值一般为2~4.产生酸水的主要工序是氯化、精制和还原,其中量最大的还是氯化.在氯化生产中,由于使用了延迟石油焦.该焦中含有较多(10%左右)的挥发成分,在氯化炉中高温条件下,挥发成分(有机物)与氯气反应生成HCl体,经后部系统冷凝淋洗形成酸水;未收集完全的TiCl_4和未反应的Cl_2经水洗也形成含酸废水.精制TiCl_4,即TiCl_4的提纯工序.由于使用了铜丝除钒,产生饱和失效的铜丝需用盐酸清洗,洗铜丝后剩下的废酸.也是酸水的来源.还有还原清洗新反应器和反应器大盖用过的废酸.也是酸水的主要来源.另外还有冲炉渣、收尘渣和泥浆渣时水解产生的酸水、清洗设备所产生的酸水以及TiCl_4跑、冒、滴、漏经水解产生的酸水等.  相似文献   

11.
转炉炉壳热应力分析   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
任学平  郭志强  邹家祥 《炼钢》2001,17(6):47-49
根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。  相似文献   

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13.
Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)  相似文献   

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16.
The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.  相似文献   

17.
通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。  相似文献   

18.
Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.  相似文献   

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Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.  相似文献   

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