贵州织金含稀土磷块岩矿床生物成矿基本特征

与本矿床形成有关生物主要是小壳生物、微生物类。生物成矿作用从广义来讲,包括生物成矿作用、生物-化学成矿作用和有机成矿作用等。同时也包括狭义的或直接的和间接的。如生物遗体的堆积作用、专性或特种生物的聚矿作用、生物的吸收和吸附作用。生物新陈代谢改变环境物化条件、生物产生的有机酸等而促使成矿元素富集等作用。对于每一个具体的矿床,往往是多种生物成矿作用因素综合影响、控制整个成矿过程,造成矿床成因上的复杂性和多样性。其中稀土元素以类质同象替换方式存在于磷灰石中。     

Types, Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms of Ion-adsorpted RE Deposits

Ｔｙｐｅｓ，ＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓａｎｄＦｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎＭｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｓｏｆＩｏｎ－ａｄｓｏｒｐｔｅｄＲＥＤｅｐｏｓｉｔｓ￥ＬｉｎＣｈｕａｎｘｉａｎ（林传仙），ＷａｎｇＹｉｘｉａｎ（王一先），ＱｉａｎＺｈｉｘｉｎ（钱志鑫），ＺｈｅｎｇＺ...     

江西大吉山花岗岩风化壳稀土矿床稀土元素地球化学

本文系统采集分析了江西大吉山花岗岩体及其风化壳样品,通过研究其不同类型花岗岩风化壳的矿物组成、稀土元素组成和稀土元素的分配,得出了风化壳中稀土元素的分布特征和规律,讨论了风化作用过程中稀土元素的迁移机制。     

Review of Rare Earths and Fluid-Rock Interaction

As demonstrated by a great amount of geologic and experimental evidences, RE of rock systems may be mobilized during fluid-rock interaction when solutions are rich in F^-, Cl^-, CO3^2- , HCO3^-, CO2, HPO4^2- , HS^-,S^2- , SO4^2- , though little has been known about the mobilizing mechanism of these anions or ligands. The fractionation of RE resulted from hydrothermal alterations, i. e., fluid-rock interactions, are distinctive. One set of field data implies the preferential mobility of the LRE, while another set of field observations demonstrates the dominant mobilization of the HRE, and some theoretical prediction is not consistent with the field evidence. The Eu anomalies caused by fluid-rock interaction are complex and compelling explanation is not available due to inadequate experimental approaches. To know the exact behavior of RE during fluid-rock interaction and to solve the contradiction between some theoretical predictions and field observations, the following works remain to be done : ( 1 ) experimental investigations of RE mobility and fractionation as a function of fluid chemistry, e.g., the activity of F^-,Cl^-, CO3^2- , HCO3^-, CO2, HPO4^2- , HS^-, S^2- , SO4^2- , etc. ; (2) experimental determination of RE mobility and fractionation as a function of T, P, pH, Eh and water/rock ratios; (3) investigation of the mechanism and the controlling factors of RE partitioning between hydrothermal minerals and fluids. It was demonstrated that RE mobility is a potentially useful method for exploration.     

马鞍山地区不同类型绿松石稀土元素地球化学研究

本文针对皖南马鞍山地区产出的三种主要类型的绿松石即结核状、脉状和假象绿松石进行了矿物化学、稀土元素地球化学研究，结合绿松石产出的地质背景，讨论了不同类型的绿松石矿石稀土元素富化和亏损的原因。     

Analysis on REE geochemical characteristics of three types of REE-rich soil in Guizhou Province,China

The three kinds of soil formed by the weathering of the basalt in Yema village,Weining county of Guizhou province,the carbonate rock in Guiyang district and the phosphorite in the REE-bearing phosphate mining area in Zhijin county of Guizhou province were all rich in REE.The contents of LREE in these three soil were higher than that of HREE,which was caused by the different properties of LREE and HREE complexes.Since light REE could be easily absorbed by kaolinite grains,LREE was fully enriched in the process of desorption,migration and re-absorption,which formed a typical LREE soil.The chondrite normalized distribution models of those three types of REE-enriched soil are basically similar,which belong to the right deviation type,namely,rich in light rare earth element but short of heavy rare earth element,and showing Ce negative anomalies.Eu showed intense negative anomalies in the REE in the soil formed by the weathering of the sedimentary parent rocks(such as carbonate rock and phosphorite),while no pronounced Eu anomaly was found in the REE in the soil formed by the weathering of volcanic rocks(such as basalt).It is clear that though there were intense migration and enrichment of REE during the weathering process of rocks,no obvious differentiation of REE occurred and some features of the parent rocks were retained.That is why REE is of value in analyzing the source of materials.     

稀土掺杂对钛酸锶钡光催化的影响

以溶胶-凝胶法制备钛酸锶钡，研究了制备条件及稀土掺杂对光催化影响。用大红染料模拟废水中难降解的有机物，以大红染料脱色率的变化来表征催化剂BST的光催化性能。结果表明，离子掺杂对大红染料的降解效果比钛酸锶钡的降解效果有所提高。掺入镧离子时降解率可达85％，提高60％；掺入钇离子时降解率可达65％，提高40％；两种离子掺杂时降解率可达70％，提高45％。     

江苏甘家巷铅锌矿区稀土元素地球化学特征及指示意义

对江苏南京甘家巷矿区铅锌矿床不同类型岩石和矿石的稀土元素地球化学特征进行研究,探讨了岩石和矿石中稀土元素地球化学行为。结果显示：矿床中稀土元素的分布较为一致;甘家巷矿区稀土元素总量变化大,总体来看,稀土总量在铅锌矿石、底砾岩和粉砂岩中相对富集;在稀土元素配分模式图上,轻稀土相对富集,稀土配分曲线向右缓倾,轻稀土元素随原子序数的增加富集程度降低,重稀土元素分布比较平坦。相对较稳定;稀土元素地球化学特征指示甘家巷矿区为受F₂断裂和不整合面控制的中低温热液矿床。     

Determination of Trace Rare Earth Elements in Biological Samples by ICP-AES with Tungsten-spiral Electrothermal Vaporization Sampling

A method for determination of trace rare earth elements in biological sample by ICP-AES withtungsten-spiral electrothermal vaporization(TETV-ICP-AES)sampling has been developed in this work.Several influencing factors including desolvation and vaporization parameters,carrier gas flow rate and ma-trix effect were investigated in detail.Under optimal experimental conditions,the detection limits for La,Nd,Gd,Dy,Ho,Yb,Lu and Y were obtained in the range of 10~(-9)～10~(-11) g,and they are comparable to and,inmost instances,better than those for the GFAAS and conventional pneumatic nebulisation-ICP-AES.Theprecision(RSD)obtained for this method is less than 6%.     

REE Compositions of Sedimentary Strata of Guichi Stratigraphic Region，Northern Margin of Yangtze Block，and Its Geologic Significance

ＲＥＥＣｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＳｅｄｉｍｅｎｔａｒｙＳｔｒａｔａｏｆＧｕｉｃｈｉＳｔｒａｔｉｇｒａｐｈｉｃＲｅｇｉｏｎ，ＮｏｒｔｈｅｒｎＭａｒｇｉｎｏｆＹａｎｇｔｚｅＢｌｏｃｋ，ａｎｄＩｔｓＧｅｏｌｏｇｉｃＳｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｃｅＺｈｏｕＴａｉｘ...     

A Study on Argon Inductively Coupled Plasma with Introduction of Ethanol SolutionⅠ.Effect of Ethanol on Line Intensity of Rare Earth Elements

Effect of ethanol on corrected intensity,i.e.the intensity corrected for the rate at which an analyte solutionenters ICP,of lines of 10 rare earth elements,Mg,Fe and Cd have been studied,Compared to the aqueous case,the introduction of an ethanol solution results in a decrease in corrected intensity.For all the ionic lines and theatomic lines of Cd,the corrected intensities decrease steadily with increasing ethanol concentration from 0 to95 vol%.while for the atomic lines of the other elements,the corrected intensities have minima at certainethanol concentration.For a given element,the higher the excitation energy of a line,the greater the decrease inthe corrected intensity with the introduction of ethanol,The depression of corrected intensity by ethanol islinearly related to excitation energy.The above results have been used for identifying the ionization states of 38lines of rare earth elements and estimating their excitation energies.     

四川冕宁木洛稀土矿床地质特征

木洛稀土矿床是攀西地区新发现的中型稀土矿床，位于攀西裂谷带北段西界，冕西稀土成矿带西部亚带。该矿床的控矿构造是南北向棉纱湾断裂，控矿岩体为喜马拉雅期的英碱正长岩，地质背景和牦牛坪稀土矿极为相似。矿脉受断层、裂隙、接触面控制，有两种大类型和5种基本类型。矿石由于矿物组合及赋存形式不同而具有6种类型。氟碳铈矿是最主要的稀土矿物，以其富铈的强选择配分型为特征。围岩蚀变较弱，和稀土矿化有关的有霓石（霓辉石）化、方解石化、萤石化、重晶石化和钠长石化。通过和牦牛坪矿床地质特征类比研究表明木洛矿床形成与地幔流体部分熔融、分异结晶形成的富集挥发分和轻稀土元素热液的充填．交代作用有关。     

A novel method to assess the effect of diagenesis on fossil teeth:Rare earth element signatures

An attempt was made to test the validity of the signatures of rare earth elements (REE) as a tool to judge the effect of diagenesis on fossil teeth. Sample REE contents and features of fossil teeth and sediments from Jinsha Relics, Sichuan, Southwest China were analyzed. The difference in REE content between fossil teeth is significantly greater than that between sediments at the Jinsha Relics. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns showed that obvious LREE enrichment and strong Ce and HREE depletion occurred in all fossil teeth samples. Meanwhile δCe and δEu values varied more dramatically in fossil teeth than in sediments. Accordingly, low content, LREE enrichment, strong Ce depletion, the significantly positive correlation between LREE/HREE and δCe, and unchanged (La/Yb)N demonstrated that the fossil teeth from Jinsha Relics have not been contaminated by diagenesis. The REE signature might be a potential proxy to assess the effect of diagenesis on fossil teeth.     

REE Enrichment in Early Cambrian Gezhongwu Formation Phosphorous Rock Series in Sanjia, Zhijin County, Guizhou Province, China

The phosphorus-bearing rock series at the bottomof the Cambrian Systemin Guizhou was characterizedby REE enrichment.Among REE,Yis most abun-dant,accounting for35%~40%of the total REE.Generally,the Y-group REEs account for45%~59%of the total amount;the contents of the Ce-groupREEs are slightly higher than those of the Y-groupREEs,accounting for54.4%.With the exception ofmonazite which is occasionally seen,no independentREE mineral has beenfound.The enrichment rates ofΣREE2O3and Y…     

陕西金龙山锑金矿床地球化学特征及成因意义

陕西省金龙山锑金矿产于南秦岭镇旬盆地上泥盆统南羊山组（D₃n）—下石炭统袁家沟组（C₁y）细碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩建造中,受断裂、短轴背斜及有利岩性等控制,矿化元素Au、Hg和Sb水平分带明显,矿化集中区呈等间距分布。根据矿区大地构造环境,结合赋矿地层、矿石微量元素、稀土元素分配模式以及S、Pb、C、H、O同位素综合分析,认为成矿物质和成矿流体主要来自浅变质化学沉积岩—碳酸盐碎屑岩,成矿流体在中生代构造动力作用下,萃取了赋矿地层和下伏地层中的含矿元素,沿容矿构造迁移沉积富集,形成了金龙山特大型金矿床,伴生汞锑成矿。     

The investigation of preferred orientation in a plain C-Mn steel rolled at different temperatures

Abstract

The preferred orientation of plain carbon manganese steel plate rolled after soaking at temperatures between 930°C and 680°C has been studied in an effort to correlate the rolling texture with fracture toughness properties.

Inverse pole figures have been obtained using a Li-drifted Si detector in the energy dispersion mode.

Rolling plane normal inverse pole figures show weak {100} and {111} maxima for plate soaked at temperatures above 800°C. Strong {100} and {111} maxima occurred in plates soaked between 800°C and 680°C. The degree of preferred orientation increased markedly with depth. Inverse pole figures of the rolling direction and the transverse axis show that, for soaking temperatures below 800°C, the plate has a strong duplex {100} <110> and {111} <110> texture. Analysis indicates that in the nominal {111} <110> texture the unit cell is rotated about both the rolling direction and the rolling normal by at least 10°.

As {100} is the cleavage plane of α-Fe, the strong {100} <110> texture in plates soaked at and below 800°C can be used to explain partially the through-thickness brittleness in these plates.

Résumé

Pour un acier non allié au carbone-manganèse les auteurs on t étudié les orientations préférentielles de tôles laminées apres prcchauffage à des températures comprises entre 930°C et 680°C, afin de corréler la tex ture de laminage à la résilience.

Les figures de pôles ont été obtenues grâce a un détecteur au silicium-lithium travaillan t par dispersion d' énergie.

Les figures de poles dans le plan de laminage révèlent de faibles maxima pour {100} et {111} quand les tôles ont été préchauffées audessous de 800°C. Par contre, de forts maxima pour {100} et {111} apparaissent quand les tôles ont été prechauffées au-dessous de 800°C. Le degré d'orientation préférentielle croit fortement avec la profondeur. Pour des températures de préchauffages au-dessous de 800°C, les fIgures de pôle dans la direction de laminage et dans la direction perpendiculaire revelent que la tôle a une forte texture duplex {100} <110> et {111}<110>.

L'analyse détaillée indique que le cube unitaire de la texture norma le {111} <110> subit une double rotation autour de la direction de laminage et autour de la norma le au plan de laminage d'au moins 10°.

Comme {100} est le plan de clivage du fer a, la forte texture {100} <110> des tôles préchauffées a et au-dessous de 800°C peut expliquer partiellement la fragilité de ces tôles dans la direction normale à l' épaisseur de la tôle.     

二溴甲基偶氮羧胂直接光度法测定炉渣和焊条皮中铈组稀土

研究了新显色剂二溴甲基偶氮羧胂（ＤＢＭＣＡ）与铈组稀土的显色反应。在０．１６—０．６０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的盐酸介质中,铈组稀土与试剂形成蓝色的络合物,络合物的最大吸收峰在６３０ｎｍ处,摩尔吸光系数ε_(６３０)（Ｌａ－Ｔｂ）为１.１６×１０~５-１.３０×１０~５。铈在０．５—１２μｇ／２５ｍｌ符合比尔定律。由于乙醇和表面活性剂ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００的存在,方法具有良好的选择性,４０ｍｇＣａ~(２＋),１０ｍｇＦｅ~(３＋),３ｍｇＴｉ~(４＋)不干扰测定。本方法可以不经分离直接测炉渣和焊条皮中的铈组稀土．回收率     

Compounding Pattern of REE， Clay and Humic Acid in the Weathering Crust of Granites

ＣｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｉｎｇＰａｔｔｅｒｎｏｆＲＥＥ，ＣｌａｙａｎｄＨｕｍｉｃＡｃｉｄｉｎｔｈｅＷｅａｔｈｅｒｉｎｇＣｒｕｓｔｏｆＧｒａｎｉｔｅｓ￥ＣｈｅｎＢｉｎｇｈｕｉ；ＣｈｅｎＺｈｉｃｈｅｎｇ；ＬｉａｎｇＱｕｎｙｏｕ；ＦｕＱｕｎｃｅ；ＹｕＳｈｏｕｊｕｎ...     

Rare earth element geochemistry of Cambrian phosphorites from the Yangtze Region

Analysis on P2O5 and REE (rare earth elements) in basal Cambrian phosphorites from the Yangtze Region, showed that the phosphorites from Bailongtan in Yunnan Province, Zhijin, Jinsha, Xishui, Zunyi, Tianzhu and Tongren in Guizhou Province, Shangrao in Jiangxi Province, Jiangshan in Zhejiang Province and Nanjing in Jiangsu Province contained high REE contents in phosphorites, especially those from Tianzhu and Tongren in Guizhou Province, Shangrao in Jiangxi Province, Jiangshan in Zhejiang Province and Nanjing in Jiangsu Province. Among them, the highest REE contents reached up to 1361.59×10-6 and P2O5 contents up to 29.45%. In contrast, phosphorites from Kaiyang, Qingzhen and Zhenyuan in Guizhou Province had relatively low total REE contents and low P2O5 contents, with the lowest total REE content of 53.19×10-6, and the lowest P2O5 content of 0.07%. REE contents exhibited a positive correlation with phosphorous contents, indicating a close genetic relationship between REE and phosphorous element. The main reason was the difference of the sedimentary environments and the contents of phosphorous and REE in deep water mass formed in upwelling currents, at an upper slope facies (Slu) in reducing condition due to relatively closed sedimentary environment. It was very difficult for the upswelling phosphorous and REE to deposit, massive phosphorous deposits were hard to be formed. At a deep water ramp facies (DRa) in the ascending process of currents, phosphorus and REE underwent differentiation rather than sedimentation. Consequently, the contents of P2O5 sediments and REE were low. At a shallow water ramp facies (including shoals and tidal flats) (SRa), with active seawater circulation and phosphatic supplement, sunny weather, high nutrition and rapid growth of algae, were benefitial for the physical enrichment of carbonate sediments. Therefore, massive phosphorite deposits were easy to be formed with abundant REE minerals, and finally turned into high REE bearing phosphorous deposits.