涂料的尖端技术

涂料的尖端技术据日本《涂装技术》１９９５年５月号报道，随着环境意识的转变，涂料也开始顾及对环境的适应。在建筑涂料等通用涂料领域中，产生了大胆削减溶剂和无重金属的重大课题。即切实进行向强调优化环境的水性涂料转变。过去，水性涂料多用于内部装饰等较温和的条...     

高合金钢铸造用涂料的试制与开发

介绍了炉爪用合金钢1Cr25Ni20Si2Re,导板用合金钢2Cr32Ni5采用串箱铸造过程中，有关镁砂粉涂料和石英粉涂料的试制。结果表明：镁砂粉涂料为不透气涂料，不太适用，而合理配方的石英粉涂料使用性能良好。     

镍铬合金钢钢坯抗高温氧化涂料作用原理探讨

通过试验，制备出适用于在高温状态下，阻止镍铬合金钢钢坯氧化的涂料，探讨了此涂料随温度变化其热膨胀速率的变化情况，并且与钢质材料作了对比，同时，通过测定涂料的示差热分析曲线，了解涂料的物化反应过程。     

优质隔热材料─—泡沫纤维涂料的研究

介绍了泡沫纤维涂料的组成，结合剂的研制及涂料的配制，涂料的性质及热工测试结果。     

防止钢坯氧化用涂料的研究

用于钢坯的高温防氧化涂料以石英砂为主要原料，制备工艺简单，涂料成本低。使用涂料后，能有效地防止钢坯加热时的氧化。模拟试验结果表明，与不涂涂料相比，可减少钢坯氧化烧损６０％～８０％。探讨了高温下涂层的防氧化机理。     

高温红外涂料对格子砖蓄热性能影响的实验研究

通过试验分析得出涂料对格子砖蓄热能力的影响，并分析温度对红外涂料效果的影响，得出涂料使用的理想温度范围。     

优质隔热材料—泡沫纤维涂料的研究

介绍了泡沫纤维涂料的组成，结合剂的研制及涂料的配制涂料的性质及热工测试结果。     

BJ－I红外节能涂料在加热炉上的应用试验研究

从理论上分析了涂料强化炉内热交换的原理，并介绍了ＢＪ－Ｉ红外节能涂料在加热炉上的试验方法，肯定了涂料的节能效果，提出了使用时的注意事项。     

BJ—I红外节能涂料在加热炉上的应用试验研究

从理论上分析了涂料强化炉内热交换的原理，并介绍了ＢＪ－Ｉ红外节能涂料在加热炉上的试验方法，肯定了涂料的节能效果，提出了使用时的注意事项。     

铝易拉罐盖及拉环用的水性涂料

为减轻大气污染及保护环境，在易拉罐盖及拉环上试验用水性涂料涂敷。试验表明：选择合适的水性涂料配方及烘烤温度，使环境污染问题得以解决，在涂敷性能方面也不比原工艺的有机溶剂性涂料差，只要在实用化方面再作努力，水性涂料完全可在易拉罐盖及拉环上得到工业性应用。     

WC粉末粒度对超音速火焰喷涂WC-CoCr涂层组织性能的影响

采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)工艺制备了纳米结构、双峰结构和常规结构3种WC-CoCr复合涂层。探讨了不同WC粉末粒度对涂层沉积过程的脱碳行为、涂层微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随WC颗粒尺寸减小,涂层脱碳率增大,W_2C含量增加,孔隙率降低,涂层的显微硬度和界面结合强度增大;但是纳米结构涂层中粘结相的非晶化现象严重,断裂韧度显著下降;双峰结构涂层因纳米、亚微米WC颗粒的合理搭配和协同效应表现出最好的断裂韧性,同时兼具较高的显微硬度和界面结合强度。     

搅拌方式对镍磷基碳纳米管复合镀层减摩性能的影响

以碳纳米管作为增强相,通过化学复合镀方法制备了镍磷基碳纳米管复合镀层。在制备过程中采用三种不同的搅拌工艺,并对相应镀层的减摩性能进行比较。结果表明：与单一的超声波搅拌或机械搅拌相比,采用混合搅拌工艺能够得到减摩效果更好的复合镀层,在对偶件为GCr15钢的干摩擦条件下,其摩擦因数仅为0．05。     

Corrosion behavior of coating with plasma sprayed 8YSZ on the surface of carbon steel

The corrosion behavior of plasma sprayed 8YSZ(ZrO2 stabilized by 8 wt.%Y2O3)coating on the surface of carbon steel in seawater was investigated.The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used as a non-destructive evaluation technique to monitor the protection properties of the coating when it was immersed in seawater,and corrosion products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The results indicated that three time constants were obtained during the initial immersion period,and then a new time constant appeared due to the formation of rust layer,which was corresponding to the corrosion process.Corrosion products were formed on the coating surface as well as inside the coating,and the crystalline composition of the rust layer mainly consisted of γ-FeOOH.     

TiB_2陶瓷覆层的磨料磨损性能研究

在４０Ｃｒ钢表面制备含ＴｉＢ２相的覆层以提高该钢的耐磨性。分析了四种不同制备工艺及三种后续热处理工艺所获得的显微组织和物相。重点进行了磨料磨损实验。结果表明：采用表面改性新工艺可以获得表层为ＴｉＢ２的陶瓷覆层。其中采用Ａ１Ｂ２工艺制备的覆层经正火处理后,其耐磨性能最好。对磨损机理的分析表明：ＴｉＢ２覆层在磨损过程中属于软磨料磨损,改变了磨损状态,提高了材料的耐磨性     

Transformations

Hot-dip galvanized drawing quality special killed (DQSK) steel and titanium stabilized interstitial free (IF) steel substrates were annealed under varying temperature and time conditions in order to characterize the coating structure development which occurs during the annealing portion of the galvannealing process. Through the use of light optical microscopy, the coating morphology development (Fe-Zn alloy layer growth) observed in cross section on both substrates was defined in three distinct stages. The three characteristic microstructures were classified as type 0 (underalloyed), type 1 (marginally alloyed), and type 2 (overalloyed) morphologies. The morphology transitions were quantitatively defined by total iron content in the coating and by the thickness of an interfacial Fe-Zn gamma phase layer. The DQSK steel coating type 1 to type 2 morphology transition occurred at an iron content of 9 to 10 wt Pct. For the titanium IF material, the same type 1 to type 2 morphology transition occurred at an iron content of 10.5 to 11.5 wt Pct and at an interfacial layer thickness of approximately 1.0 μm. An increased amount of aluminum in the galvanizing bath delayed the alloying reaction during galvannealing for both substrates. The overall inhibition effect of aluminum was less pronounced on the titanium stabilized IF material, indicating that its coating alloying kinetics were not as significantly influenced by bath aluminum content.     

抑制层和ξ-FeZn13相对热镀锌双相钢镀层附着性能的影响

通过对比研究3种不同双相钢变形下的镀层和抑制层形貌,寻找影响镀层附着力的因素.试验研究表明,Fe-Al颗粒细小且排列紧密时,镀层的附着性强;Fe-Al颗粒不连续紧密时,镀层附着力大大减弱.双相钢镀层变形时,含有ξ-FeZn13颗粒的镀层容易出现裂纹,且裂纹多数在ξ-FeZn13颗粒集中的区域.ξ-FeZn13颗粒能降低镀层的附着性能,降低镀层的质量.     

氧含量对NiCr合金粉末涂层性能的影响

对0.175%、0.067%、0.050%三种氧含量的NiCr合金粉末的涂层性能进行了研究,包括:涂层的结合强度、不连续性、物相以及最大氧化物直径和最大孔洞直径等对涂层使用性能产生重要影响的涂层指标。试验发现,随着O含量的降低,涂层的结合强度得到明显的提高,其不连续性、最大空洞以及氧化物分布等微观组织也得到了明显的改善。     

Development of Functionally Graded Coating Material for Metallic Thermal Protection System of Reusable Launch Vehicle

Functionally graded coating material (FGM) based on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and Ni–Cr–Al–Y was designed and developed for metallic thermal protection system of reusable launch vehicle (RLV). Coating was made using premixed mechanically alloyed YSZ and Ni–Cr–Al–Y powders through plasma spray technique. Thermal stress analysis was carried out, which showed significant reduction in stress in FGM coating as compared to dual coating. The phase composition of coating was found to be close to the designed one. Porosity varied in the range of 8–18%. Average emissivity of three different time exposures of 30, 60 and 90 s was found to be 0.8. Solar absorptivity was found to be 0.55. Fatigue life of FGM coating evaluated along with Inconel and Ti6Al4V metallic substrate was compared with dual coating. FGM coating could be fatigue tested to relatively higher thermal cycles as compared to dual coating on the Inconel substrate. Heat flux measured at top surface was found to be close to simulated heat flux for windward side of RLV. Top surface temperature was similar for both type of metallic substrates and was matching with predicted temperature. However, substrate temperature was higher for Ti6Al4V as compared to Inconel alloy due to higher thermal diffusivity of Ti6Al4V.     

粘结底层对氧化钇稳定的氧化锆涂层抗热震性能的影响

采用大气等离子喷涂设备,在316不锈钢基体上喷涂Metco204NS、KF-231和LF441三种8Y2O3/ZrO2粉体,研究不同底层材料对涂层抗热震性能的影响。结果表明：在无粘结底层的情况下,三种粉体的涂层只经受数次热震,即产生剥落或龟裂;采用铝包镍粉打底,三种涂层的抗热震性有明显改善,而采用NiCoCrAlY粘结底层,各涂层的抗热震性能达到最佳结果,但三种粉体的涂层又有不同的表现：METCO204NS最差,LF441涂层即使经受130次热震,依然完好。     

料浆法制备NiCrW基高温合金Al-Si涂层的微观结构与性能

航空发动机涡轮叶片在使用时需加以涂层防护,以提高基体合金的抗高温氧化性能。本研究采用料浆渗铝的制备工艺,以CaCl₂作为活化剂,在NiCrW基高温合金表面制备Al-Si涂层。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及能谱仪(EDS)对涂层试样的表面和截面进行分析。结果表明,聚乙烯醇水溶液可作为料浆法制备渗铝/铝硅涂层的有效黏结剂;高温扩散的温度和时间显著影响渗铝涂层的厚度。渗剂成分为5%Si+30%Al(质量分数),制备得到的共渗涂层由外而内依次为富Al层、NiAl层和含Si过渡层三部分,涂层致密无明显缺陷,厚度约为57μm。10%Si+25%Al、15%Si+20%Al与20%Si+15%Al共渗涂层由外而内分为富Al层、富Ni层和含Si过渡层三层。Si元素主要以含Si的沉积相形式存在于含Si过渡层中,少量沉积于外层。而Si的少量添加能明显影响Al、Ni元素的扩散过程,从而减小涂层厚度,并由单一NiAl相向富Al、富Ni的镍铝相转变。