热压烧结法制备石墨/铜铬自润滑复合材料的组织性能

将机械合金化所制得的铜铬合金粉末,采用热压烧结法制备成石墨/铜铬复合材料,并着重分析了其组织性能。结果表明,随着铬含量的增加,复合材料的相对密度和电导率逐渐降低,硬度逐渐升高,抗弯强度先升后降且于铬含量为1%时达到最大。其中含1%Cr和2%C复合材料的相对密度为99.82%,电导率为85.57%IACS,硬度为HBS 69.34,抗弯强度为330MPa。与常规冷压烧结法相比,热压烧结法所制备复合材料的晶粒更加细小,增强相分布更加均匀,故其综合性能更加优异。     

原位合成低含量SiC-Cu复合材料的导电和拉伸性能研究

以铜粉、硅粉和石墨粉为原料, 采用高能球磨和等离子烧结技术, 原位合成了SiC–Cu复合材料。为研究SiC质量分数对复合材料导电和抗拉性能的影响, 利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(field-emission scanning electron microscope, FESEM)和能谱仪(energy disperse spectroscopy, EDS)表征SiC–Cu复合材料的相组成及断口显微组织形貌, 并对其电导率和抗拉强度进行测试。结果表明, 采用原位反应烧结可以成功制备出SiC–Cu复合材料; 当SiC理论质量分数低于1%时, SiC–Cu复合材料的电导率随SiC理论质量分数的增加逐渐下降, 电导率最大值为70.2%IACS; 同样条件下, SiC–Cu复合材料的抗拉强度呈先升高后降低的趋势, 在SiC理论质量分数为0.3%时, 抗拉强度有极值, 极值为207.4 MPa。     

微波烧结原位合成(Ti_5Si_3+TiC)/TC4复合材料组织性能研究

通过Ti-SiC反应体系,选择粒径为45μm的基体TC4,5μm的增强相SiC(质量分数为5%和10%),经过低能球磨混粉后,微波烧结原位合成颗粒增强钛基复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对制备的钛基复合材料进行组织结构分析,并对钛基复合材料的致密度、显微硬度、压缩强度、抗拉强度、耐磨性和抗氧化性进行测试研究。结果表明,钛基复合材料主要由增强相TiC,Ti_5Si_3及基体Ti_3种物相组成。TiC呈颗粒状,有明显的棱角,而Ti_5Si_3呈熔融状颗粒,但是颗粒没有明显的棱角,增强相呈准连续网状分布,随着SiC含量的增加,网状结构不清晰,部分增强相团聚在一起。复合材料的相对密度、显微硬度和压缩强度随SiC含量的增加而增加,分别达到98.76%,HV729和2058MPa,但是复合材料的室温拉伸强度随SiC含量增加而降低。引入增强相后,复合材料的抗氧化性和耐磨性均高于基体,且耐磨性和抗氧化性随SiC含量增加而增加,其室温磨损机制主要为粘着磨损。     

SiC含量对SiC/6061 Al基复合材料性能的影响

采用粉末冶金法制备了三种SiC体积分数分别为25％、30％、35％的SiC/6061 Al基复合材料.利用金相显微镜观察材料的显微组织,检测材料的物理性能和力学性能,运用Turner、Kerner理论模型对复合材料的热膨胀系数进行分析,研究SiC含量对复合材料组织和性能的影响.结果表明:随着SiC含量的增加,增强体出现团聚倾向,复合材料的致密度和热膨胀系数均降低;复合材料的抗拉强度随着SiC的增多先增大后降低,成非线性关系.     

SiC颗粒预处理对SiC_p/Al-Si复合材料组织及性能的影响

采用高温焙烧加水洗工艺对SiC颗粒进行处理,用真空热压法制备SiC颗粒增强Al-Si基复合材料,研究了SiC预处理对复合材料微观组织和抗拉强度的影响。结果表明,经预处理的SiC颗粒增强Al-Si基复合材料界面结合良好,孔隙减少,相对密度和抗拉强度显著提高。     

机械合金化制备铜碳合金增强铜-石墨复合材料

通过机械合金化制备Cu-5 ％C合金粉,并采用粉末冶金工艺制备铜碳合金增强铜-石墨复合材料即Cu-(Cu-5％C)-C,研究了制粉工艺和Cu-5％C合金粉对该复合材料显微组织及物理性能的影响.结果表明:随着球磨时间的增加,合金粉中铜的晶格常数先增大后减小,衍射峰强度不断降低,半高宽逐渐增大;球磨40 h后合金粉中的石墨衍射峰消失,再经400℃退火3h则球磨产生的次生相Cu2O衍射峰消失,且石墨峰未复现.当石墨含量为4％,合金碳含量不超过1.5％时,Cu-(Cu-5 ％C)-C复合材料试样的电导率均达61％ IACS以上;当合金碳含量为1.0％时,复合材料的屈服强度显著提高;当合金碳含量达到1.5％时,复合材料中的合金相严重分解,其增强效果大为减弱.     

镀钨碳纳米管增强铜基复合材料的制备及性能

采用羰基热分解法对多壁碳纳米管表面进行镀钨处理,并以镀钨碳纳米管和电解铜粉为原料,进行机械球磨混粉和放电等离子体烧结,制备了镀钨碳纳米管/铜基复合材料.采用场发射扫描电镜观察了粉体和复合材料的组织形貌,并对复合材料物相进行了X射线衍射分析.探讨了镀钨碳纳米管含量和放电等离子体烧结温度对复合材料致密度、抗拉强度、延伸率和电导率的影响.结果表明,镀钨碳纳米管质量分数为1%和烧结温度为850℃时,复合材料的致密度、抗拉强度和电导率最高.与烧结纯铜相比,复合材料的抗拉强度提高了103.6%,电导率仅降低15.9%.      

放电等离子烧结法制备TiC/SiC复合增强材料的研究

采用放电等离子烧结工艺,将不同用量的纳米SiC粉末与TiC颗粒相复合制备力学增强材料.分别对不同SiC粉末含量的试样进行SEM表征,对质量分数10％SiC的复合试样进行XRD测试.并着重分析探讨了SiC对复合材料在断裂韧性、导电性方面的影响及TiC对复合材料在材料密度和硬度方面的影响.结果 表明:该复合增强材料内部晶粒细密化程度较高,结构缺陷度较低,SiC与TiC相容性优异.质量分数10％SiC样品中的各组分含量占比与XRD分析测试结果相一致,杂质衍射峰基本没有出现.SiC的加入对于复合材料断裂韧性和导电性的提升效果较为显著,30％SiC样品的断裂强度比单纯TiC材料高116％,平均电导率高约100倍.TiC的加入对于材料密度和硬度的提升作用较为良好,当TiC/SiC的含量之比为1.3∶1时,密度和硬度均达到最大值,分别为4.3 g/cm3和68.3HRA.试验结果基本符合预期.     

Al_2O_3含量对碳纳米管增强Cu基复合材料性能的影响

利用机械合金化法(MA)、磁力搅拌法(MS)、放电等离子烧结工艺(SPS)制备材料样品,研究了Al2O3含量对碳纳米管(CNTs)增强Cu基复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,加入Al2O3与碳纳米管增强相后的Cu基复合材料与纯Cu相比,磨损率降低了70.9%~85.7%,维氏硬度提高了11.6%~24.5%。当添加1.0%CNTs和1.6%Al2O3(质量分数)时所制备的复合材料的综合性能最优:相对密度为97.5%,维氏硬度为75.2 HV,热导率为272.45 W/(m·K),电导率为4.39×107Ω-1·m-1。     

机械合金化Cu-5%Cr合金的制备及其组织性能的研究

采用机械合金化与热静液挤压技术制备了Ｃｕ５％Ｃｒ合金块体材料,研究了该材料的显微组织、力学性能和导电性,探讨了材料的强化机理,揭示了机械合金化时间和挤压温度对材料组织性能的影响规律。结果表明,机械合金化Ｃｕ５％Ｃｒ合金组织细小均匀,兼有细晶强化、弥散强化和沉淀强化效果,因此具有很高的抗拉强度,其值高达８００～１０００ＭＰａ。同时,合金仍具有较好的塑性和良好的导电性能,其伸长率达５％左右、相对电导率达５５％～７０％ＩＡＣＳ。     

粉末冶金制备SiC/6061Al复合材料的显微组织和力学性能研究

采用粉末冶金法制备了体积分数为35%的SiC_p/6061Al基复合材料,研究了复合材料的显微组织和基体与增强体颗粒界面对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:SiC颗粒在基体中分布均匀,基体与增强体之间的界面结合情况较好,复合材料致密度高,抗拉强度较高。     

不同陶瓷颗粒增强铁基复合材料力学性能的研究(英文)

Mechanical properties of iron matrix composites reinforced by different types of ceramic particles(SiC,Cr3C2,TiC and Ti(C,N)) prepared by the two-stage resistance sintering were studied experimentally.It was found that tensile strength of SiC/Fe composite shows the highest among the four types of composites.The elongation of all the composites decreases as increasing of reinforcement volume fraction.The stress-strain curves of the composites were simulated by Eshelby approach modeling to reveal the strengthening mechanisms.The modeling and microstructure observations suggest that the strengthening mechanism of the iron matrix composites relies not only on load sharing of the reinforcements but also on reinforcement increasing matrix strength.     

Mechanical properties of 2014Al/SiC composites with oxidized SiC particles

Metal-matrix composites (MMCs) are known to have wide applications in parts of transportation devices such as automobiles and aircraft. Al-matrix composites using SiC particles as reinforcements are especially spotlighted because of their low cost, superior specific modulus, specific strength, wear resistance, and high-temperature stability. However, Al₄C₃ formed by the interfacial reaction between Al and SiC weakens the interfacial bonding strength. It is also known to be unstable in the water-soluble atmosphere. In this study, the passive oxidation of SiC powder is used as a protective layer against the reaction between the Al matrix and the SiC particles. We investigated the changes in interfacial product of the composites, and mechanical properties such as interfacial bonding strength and tensile strength, in terms of the oxidized-layer thickness of the reinforcement.     

纳米AlN颗粒弥散增强铜基复合材料的制备及性能研究

本文采用高能球磨结合放电等离子烧结法制备了含不同质量分数AlN的AlN/Cu复合材料。研究了AlN质量分数对AlN/Cu复合材料微观形貌、相对密度、显微维氏硬度、拉伸强度、延伸率及导电性能的影响。结果表明:当AlN质量分数1.0%时,随着AlN质量分数的提高,复合材料的硬度、抗拉强度提高,断后伸长率、电导率降低。但当AlN质量分数为1.0%时,AlN/Cu复合材料相对密度为97.8%,显微硬度和抗拉强度分别达到了HV 119.5和259.7 MPa,电导率为49.30 mS·m~(-1),综合性能达到最优。     

Correlation of abrasive wear with microstructure and mechanical properties of pressure die-cast aluminum hard-particle composite

Aluminum hard particle composites were synthesized by the solidification processing technique and the composite melt was solidified using gravity and pressure die castings. An aluminum-silicon alloy (A 332.1) has been used as the matrix and silicon carbide particles (quantity: 10 wt pct, and size: 50 to 80 μm) have been used as reinforcement for synthesis of the composite. The microstructure of the pressure die cast composite is found to be finer than those of the gravity cast ones. Additionally, the distribution of SiC particles in the Al alloy matrix is found to be more uniform in the pressure die-cast composites compared to the gravity die-cast ones. The mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength, hardness, and ductility are observed to be superior in the case of pressure die-cast composites compared to the gravity-cast one. The two-body abrasive wear resistance of the Al-composite is also noted to be greater in the pressure die-cast composite than in the gravity-cast one. The effects of injection pressure on the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the pressure die-cast composites are examined. It is observed that the wear resistance (inverse of wear rate), hardness, and strength of the Al-SiC composites increase with the increase in injection pressure during pressure die casting. This may be due to the finer microstructure, the absence of casting defects, and the stronger interfacial bonding between the matrix and hard dispersoid in pressure die-cast composites. The wear rate of the alloys and composites is studied as a function of their hardness, strength, and Young’s modulus. It is noted that the wear rate is primarily controlled by hardness even though other mechanical properties influence the wear behavior of the materials to some extent. An attempt is made to establish an empirical relation to correlate the wear rate of material with the mechanical properties such as hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation.     

纳米SiC增强纯Al基复合材料的微观组织和力学性能

与采用微米尺度SiC颗粒为增强相制备的Al基复合材料相比,以纳米SiC颗粒为增强相制备的Al基复合材料具有更加优异的力学性能,可极大提高SiC增强Al基复合材料的服役可靠性及应用范围。采用传统粉末冶金方法制备纳米SiC颗粒增强纯Al基复合材料,研究烧结温度和增强相体积分数对复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响。研究表明,烧结温度和增强相体积分数均对复合材料的微观结构和力学性能有重要影响。随烧结温度升高,复合材料中的残留微孔减少,密度和强度均得到显著提高。含体积分数为3%纳米SiC颗粒的复合材料在610℃具有最高的强度,进一步提高纳米SiC颗粒的含量并不能提高材料的力学性能,这主要是由于当纳米SiC颗粒的体积分数超过3%时将出现明显的团聚,从而降低强化效应。     

粉末冶金铜铁合金的组织与性能

分别以元素混合粉、机械合金化粉和水气联合雾化合金粉为原料,结合冷等静压成形、烧结及轧制工艺制备了Cu?5％Fe合金(质量分数),对比了三种原料粉的铜铁合金粉末形貌、微观组织、力学性能及物理性能.结果表明,铁颗粒分布均匀,元素混合、机械合金化和水气联合雾化法粉末烧结体中铁颗粒平均尺寸分别为9.4μm、1.2μm、3.5μ...     

12%SiCp/Al复合材料制备工艺及力学性能研究

对碳化硅颗粒进行表面氧化酸洗处理，采用粉末冶金加热挤压工艺制备了12％SiCp／Al（体积分数）复合材料。利用金相显微镜和电镜对微观组织进行了观测，拉伸试验测试复合材料的力学性能。试验结果表明：SiC颗粒在铝基体中分布比较均匀；T6热处理条件下12％SiCp／Al复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别约为472．4MPa、525．7MPa，伸长率为6．5％，弹性模量为92．7GPa。     

Effect of reinforcement-particle-orientation anisotropy on the tensile and fatigue behavior of metal-matrix composites

The effect of extrusion-induced particle-orientation anisotropy on the mechanical behavior of metal-matrix composites (MMCs) was examined. In this study, we have shown that this anisotropy has a significant influence on the tensile and fatigue behavior SiC particle-reinforced Al alloy composites. The preferred orientation of SiC particles was observed parallel to the extrusion axis, with the extent of orientation being highest for the lowest-volume-fraction composites. The composites exhibited higher Young’s modulus and tensile strength along the longitudinal direction (parallel to the extrusion axis) than in the transverse direction. The extent of anisotropic behavior increased with increasing volume fraction, because of the increasing influence of the SiC reinforcement on the Young’s modulus and tensile properties. The preferred orientation also resulted in anisotropy in the fatigue behavior of the composite material. The trends mirrored those observed in tension, with higher overall fatigue strengths for both orientations and a higher anisotropy with increasing volume fraction of particles. The influence of particle-orientation anisotropy and the resulting tensile and fatigue damage mechanisms is discussed.