变质处理对复合轧辊用高速钢组织和性能的影响

研究了轧辊用高碳高钡高速钢的微观组织结构及添加不同变质剂处理后对其组织和性能的影响。结果表明；该高速钢的组织为马氏体，奥氏体及MC和M2C型碳化物，添加0.3%的稀土变质时，组织中碳化物分布状况的改善不明显，但可以促进加热过程中网状碳化物的断网和球团化；添加0.1%的镁变质时，组织中共晶碳化物明显减少，碳化物网得到细化；添加1.0%的钛或添加RE-Ti-Mg复合变质剂对碳化物的类型转变影响不大，但可以明显细仳晶粒和共晶碳化物网。添加RE-Ti-Mg复合变质剂处理后组织中的共晶碳化物网基本上得到消除。     

M2高速钢铸带组织特征及其后续处理

研究了M2高速钢在不同制备条件下的凝固组织特征以及工业铸带中碳化物在高温热处理、热变形作用下的变化,测量了在不同制备条件下高速钢的凝固速度和共晶碳化物网的厚度,采用透射电镜研究了后续高温热处理、热变形对工业铸带中碳化物相的影响,采用定量金相法分析了制备条件和后续处理工艺对铸带组织的影响.研究结果表明,双辊薄带连铸工艺可以细化高速钢凝固组织的枝晶和共晶碳化物网的厚度,改善碳化物的分布,后续高温热处理和热变形可以进一步优化工业铸带中的碳化物组织.建议在工业铸带的后续处理中同时采用高温热处理和热变形工艺以改善铸带组织.     

变质处理铸造高速钢的研究

铸造高速钢共晶碳化物呈网状分布于晶界，其韧性受到削弱，使铸造高速钢的生产和应用受到限制。变质处理是改善共晶碳化物形态和分布，扩大铸造钢应用的有效途径。本文介绍变质处理对高速钢组织和性能的影响，提出进一步推广使用变质铸造钢需重视一些问题。     

电子束熔炼对高速钢碳化物的影响

 细小而弥散分布的碳化物是高速钢优良性能的保证,但复杂的合金成分导致铸态高速钢中碳化物粗大、偏析严重。为了探究电子束熔炼对铸态高速钢的影响,改善高速钢中的组织及碳化物状态,采用电子束熔炼技术制备M35高速钢,并对其成分、组织等进行了表征。结果表明, EBM-M35高速钢中平均枝晶间距为20 μm,碳化物尺寸细小,在组织中均匀分布,主要类型为MC和M₂C,且M₂C型碳化物由层片状向纤维状转变。对铸态EBM-M35高速钢热处理时发现,在1 180 ℃,保温30 min后碳化物断裂球化,达到细化碳化物、使碳化物在组织中弥散分布的效果,并且可以利用较低的热处理温度或较短的保温时间完成碳化物的优化。为铸态高速钢后续锻造、轧制等变形细化提供更优异的组织基础。     

Ti,N,Mg对M2高速钢凝固组织和硬度的影响

为了改善Ｍ２高速钢共晶碳化物的分布，本文利用小凝固试样变质的方法研究了Ｔｉ，Ｎ和Ｍｇ对Ｍ２高速钢凝固组织和硬度的影响。试验结果表明，加入Ｔｉ或Ｔｉ－Ｎ后，共晶碳化物形态和分布有很大改善，而加入Ｔｉ－Ｎ后对凝固组织有轻微的细化作用，但只添加Ｔｉ不补碳时，钢的淬火硬度和回火硬度均下降；加入适量的Ｍｇ可以使片状的Ｍ２Ｃ型共晶碳化物转为鱼骨状的Ｍ６Ｃ型共晶碳化物，使其分布有所改善，Ｔｉ和Ｍｇ复合加入可以明     

磁场对离心铸造高碳高速钢组织和性能的影响

 用自制的电磁离心铸造机,在离心机转速为960r/min,磁场强度分别为005、010、015、020T的条件下,制备了高碳高速钢,试验研究了不同磁场强度下的高碳高速钢的铸态组织和热处理后的组织与性能。结果表明：随着磁场强度的增加,高碳高速钢的铸态组织中角状、点状碳化物的分布逐渐趋于均匀、弥散,共晶碳化物呈现出先减少、变短,后增加、变长的趋势;热处理后组织中的共晶碳化物变细、变短,且在磁场强度为015T的试样中硬度、冲击韧度和耐磨性能达到最佳。     

热处理温度对W6Mo5Cr4V8In高钒高速钢组织与性能的影响

采用不同温度对用于数控机床的W6Mo5Cr4V8In新型高钒高速钢进行热处理,并进行显微组织、冲击性能和耐磨损性能的测试与分析。结果表明,随热处理温度从1 050℃提高至1 150℃,高钒高速钢的晶粒先细化后粗化,冲击性能和耐磨损性能均先提高后下降。热处理温度升高至1 080~1 150℃时,M2C型碳化物发生分解。热处理温度优选为1 080℃。与1 150℃热处理相比,热处理温度为1 080℃时高钒高速钢的冲击吸收功增大46%、磨损体积减小48%。     

PMO对高速钢枝晶组织及碳化物的影响

脉冲磁致振荡(Pulse Magneto-oscillation,简称PMO)是上海大学先进凝固技术中心原创的凝固均质化技术,该技术成功已应用于多家冶金企业数十种特殊钢生产,在改善铸坯质量方面取得了理想效果。高速工具钢(简称高速钢)作为一种高合金钢,其铸态组织中树枝晶组织及共晶碳化物发达,宏观偏析严重,不仅影响了其质量和性能,同时制约了该类钢种采用连铸工艺生产。为了探究PMO改善高速钢凝固组织的可行性,采用双电源真空感应熔炼装置,研究PMO对其枝晶组织、共晶碳化物的影响。研究结果表明,在PMO作用下,高速钢铸态组织中粗大的柱状晶组织转变为全等轴晶组织,并且共晶碳化物网交汇区及共晶碳化物颗粒平均尺寸大幅度减小,碳化物分布均匀性得到显著改善。PMO对4个钢种的共晶碳化物网交汇处尺寸有明显细化作用,以M2高速钢共晶碳化物网交汇处尺寸细化程度为例,1/8D、1/4D和1/2D(D为铸坯径向直径)处的碳化物交汇处的平均尺寸较未施加PMO处理的铸锭依次减小48.5%、47.1%和43.4%;同时,PMO可以进一步细化共晶碳化物颗粒尺寸,以M2Al高速钢为例,1/8D、1/4D和1/2D处的共晶碳化...     

稀土复合变质剂对高碳高速钢性能及组织的影响

通过扫描电镜,能谱分析仪和电子探针研究了稀土复合变质剂对离心铸造的高碳高速钢轧辊组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：稀土复合变质剂能细化高碳高速钢轧辊组织,改善碳化物和夹杂物的形态和分布,变质后高碳高速钢辊环在硬度不变的情况下,冲击韧性提高了73．6％。     

RE-Mg-Ti复合变质高碳高速钢轧辊的组织和性能

研究了RE—Mg—Ti复合变质对高碳高速钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明，复合变质能细化高速钢基体，并且使共晶碳化物由层片状变成球状。变质处理后，高碳高速钢的硬度、红硬性和强度变化不大，断裂韧性和疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值有所提高，冲击韧性提高一倍以上，抗热疲劳性能和高温耐磨性也明显改善。     

Effect of Rare Earth on Microstructures and Properties of High Speed Steel With High Carbon Content

The effects of rare earth （RE） on the microstructures and properties of high carbon high speed steel （HCHSS） were investigated. The results show that when suitable RE is added to the HCHSS, the effect of RE on the austenite and eutectic carbides is obvious. The austenite grain and coarse eutectic structure are refined, and flake carbides in the eutectic structures become short and fine. After heat treatment, most of the eutectic carbides are spheroidized and distributed in a uniform manner. The hardness and red hardness of modified HCHSS are slightly increased; impact toughness is greatly increased by 37.81% and reaches 10.17 J/cm^2. The mechanism by which RE improves the structures and properties of HCHSS is also analyzed.     

Influence of Cerium on Solidification Microstructure of M2 High Speed Steel

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Effect of Mischmetal on As-cast Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of M2 High Speed Steel

High speed steel has been widely used in various fields due to their excellent red hardness and good wear resistance.However,the influence of mischmetal(Ce-La)on the as-cast microstructures and mechanical properties of high speed steel has rarely been reported.Thus,the microstructure and mechanical properties of M2 high speed steel with addition of mischmetal(Ce-La)were investigated.The morphology and distribution of the eutectic carbides of the steel were observed by using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy,and the impact toughness and bending strength were tested.The results show that adding mischmetal has an obvious effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of M2 high speed steel.The coarse eutectic structure is refined,the weak connection of the carbide networks is broken and the flake carbides become short and fine.More networks of eutectic carbides dissolve into the matrix.When a suitable adding content of mischmetal is selected,for example,0.3mass%,the impact strength and bending strength can increase by 27% and 10.76% compared with that without mischmetal,respectively.     

高氮不锈轴承钢的微观组织与性能研究

利用OM、SEM、XRD和电化学方法对X60N高氮不锈轴承钢(/%:0.63C,15.00Cr,0.61Mo,0.190N)进行组织观察、室温和高温力学性能及耐蚀性能研究。结果表明,钢中降碳加氮可显著降低粗大共晶碳化物的数量及尺寸,X60N钢加氮后的原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸及碳化物明显细化。X60N钢经1050℃奥氏体化淬火后形成大量残余奥氏体,随后-73℃2 h冷处理及回火将其体积分数由31%降至约6%。由于残余奥氏体的相变强化及细小碳化物与碳氮化物析出强化,X60N钢的最终HRC硬度值由淬火的56.6提高到61.2(低温回火)和60.8(高温回火)。此外,凭借加氮后具有较高的初始硬度、均匀的组织及超细碳氮化物析出,X60N钢在高温硬度及耐蚀性能方面比440C钢(/%:1.00C,17.62Cr,0.55Mo,0.002N)更加优异。     

Effect of RE-Modifier on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of High-Carbon Medium-Manganese Steel

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Precipitation Behavior of Modified as Cast High Nitrogen Super Hard High‐Speed Tool Steel

The properties of high‐speed tool steels can be improved by modifying their chemical composition or the technology of production. Nitrogen alloying is an attractive technology to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of tool steels. In this work, modified super hard high‐speed tool steel was produced through nitrogen alloying and decreasing the level of cobalt content in investigated steels. This work aims to study the effect of nitrogen as alloying element on carbides and carbo‐nitrides precipitates type, shape, and size for investigated steels. From the results obtained from Thermo‐Calc, it was concluded that nitrogen alloying produced large amount of stable austenite, also eutectic carbides precipitates (M₆C and M₇C₃) were stable at room temperature. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images for traditional grade showed that the as cast structure contains beside the carbides network other single carbides precipitates. While on the other hand the selected area diffraction pattern (SADP) images of nitrogen alloyed grade shows fine carbides and carbo‐nitrides precipitates with more amount of retained austenite in the ferrite matrix, they showed also the presence of the eutectic precipitates as well as the dislocations.     

深冷处理对W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢性能的影响

对经-120℃和-150℃深冷工艺处理的W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢进行了硬度及摩擦磨损性能测试,并用扫描电镜分析了其显微组织与磨损形貌。深冷处理使高速钢硬度和耐磨性能得到提高。随深冷温度的降低,性能改善明显,经循环深冷处理试样的性能均好于一次长时间深冷处理试样,-150℃温度下经3次1 h深冷处理试样的性能最优。结果表明,高速钢性能改善的主要原因是深冷处理可促进试样中残余奥氏体向马氏体转变,同时,高速钢组织中析出的大量碳化物在摩擦磨损过程中作为硬质颗粒可提高耐磨性能。循环深冷处理过程中过冷度一直存在,每次循环过程都可促进残余奥氏体转变为马氏体,促进基体马氏体上析出细小的碳化物,从而提高高速钢的性能。     

Microstructure and Property of High Carbonic-Chromium Cast Steel with Different Hot Deformation Ratio

The microstructure and properties of high carbonic-chromium cast steel subjected to different hot deformation ratios were studied. The experimental results show that the microstructure and properties of high carbonic-chromium cast steel are obviously improved after hot deformation, and the best mechanical properties of the cast steel can be obtained under hot deformation ratio of 40 %-50 %, which leads to the morphology change of eutectic carbide and the precipitation of granular carbides.