相图计算研究的进展

相图计算作为材料设计的一部分受到了人门更多的重视.本文概述了相图计算的优点,简要评述了相图计算方法的发展现状和前沿研究,着重强调了将第一性原理计算和相图计算方法相结合以及基于相图计算热力学数据库预测体系物理性质对于材料设计和冶金过程优化的重要性.     

MNO_3–Ca(NO_3)_2 (M=Li,Na,K)二元相图的热力学优化

基于CALPHAD方法对MNO3-Ca(NO3)2(M=Li,Na,K)二元相图的试验数据首次进行了热力学优化拟合,得到了3个二元相图的过量混合热力学性质的参数及Ca(NO3)2的熔化吉布斯自由能随温度变化的函数表达式,并用拟合的参数计算了3个二元相图,最后将计算得到的相图与试验相图进行了比较。     

熔盐相图计算的现状和展望

本文简要阐明了相图计算的原理和主要数值计算方法。相图计算的关键之一是确定体系中各相的过剩摩尔自由能,因而侧重评述了预示熔盐溶液相的过剩摩尔自由能的理论模型和几何方法及其进展。指出了计算的意义和局限性,阐明了理论计算相图与实验测定相结合是构筑熔盐相图的最佳方法。     

作为材料设计基础的相图研究

介绍了现代材料设计与相图研究之间的关系，强调了计算相图的出现使相图研究成为材料的设计的一部分，相图计算程序系统的另一重要功能是评估和优化热力学参数，以双相纳米材料、宽滞后形状记忆合金、钕铁硼永磁合金、钛铝金属间化合物和低温用钢的研究开发为例，说明了相图研究在材料设计上的重要作用。     

Al-V系二元相图的计算、评估及其活度

利用最新版本的Pandat热力学计算软件,采用最新的Ti合金数据库和合理的热力学模型,计算出了Al-V系二元相图.研究发现:从相率和相图的特殊点对其进行了详细的热力学评估,最大误差为1.14%,说明计算相图与试验相图吻合较好;在Al-V二元相图的基础上,提取了Al和V在不同物质的成分和温度下的活度;拟合了恒温下其活度的计算公式,其线性相关度R趋近于1;作出了V的活度-成分-温度关系曲线,有效地解决了"试验测活度难"的问题.     

相图分析在研发粉末冶金材料中的重要作用——《相图理论及其应用》有关章节学习笔记

评论了王崇琳著《相图理论及其应用》一书中“相图在粉末冶金中的应用”章节；根据本书提出的概念和方法,结合作者科研生产实践经验和科技文献资料,指出相图分析可为粉末冶金材料、制品研发方案和生产技术方案的制订提供依据.     

FeO-V2O5二元相图的研究

对FeOV2O5二元系通过XRD试验进行物相分析,理论计算中间化合物的热力学参数,并建立了溶液热力学模型,结合FACT软件计算绘制出FeO-V2O5二元系相图,通过DSC试验和XRD试验验证相图.此体系相图由三个共晶反应组成并且生成两种中间化合物反式尖晶石Fe2VO4和钒酸铁FeVO4,试验的结果对理论计算出的相图有很...     

有色金属合金体系气液相平衡研究进展

真空蒸馏是从液相到气相的传质过程,合金的气液相平衡相图是真空蒸馏设计的重要理论依据,根据气液相平衡相图可以预判蒸馏最终产物以及分离提纯效果,因此准确的气液相平衡相图对于真空蒸馏生产实践以及废弃二次资源回收分离提纯具有重要的实际意义。本文首先介绍了合金体系的分离系数,然后介绍了气液相平衡成分图的计算方法,并指出了其不足,接着介绍了气液平衡相图的计算方法,同时给出了理论计算与实验值存在偏差的原因。     

贵金属合金相图研究的进展及现状

总结了1976～1985年间贵金属合金相图的研究状况,分别介绍了贵金属合金二元系和三元系中的研究进展。并指出到1985年止实验测定贵金属合金相图体系已达768个,比1975年前增加了47.7％。在这十年间,新研究的贵金属合金二元系43个,三元系191个,四元系14个。1975年前研究过的一些体系也得到修正和完善,贵金贵合金相图的计算和实验技术也有很大发展。根据相同的类型,将只含贵金属的二元和现有三元合金相图分为:固液态完全互溶型、偏晶型、包晶型和液态完全互溶固态不完全互溶型。对贵金属合金新材料开发的需要推动了贵金属合金相图的巨大进展,BAPD的出版和实验技术的进步为这种发展创造了条件。最后,指出了今后研究贵金属合金相图的趋势。     

NiTi合金的应力—温度相图

借助于SMA－1型形状记忆合金综合性能测试仪的（ε-R-T）曲线,绘制50.8at%Ni-Ti合金应力－温度相图,进而讨论了该相图的特性及其应用。     

Pressure-Impulse Diagram for Blast Loads Based on Dimensional Analysis and Single-Degree-of-Freedom Model

Characteristics of a pressure-impulse diagram for blast loads are studied based on a dimensional analysis and a single-degree-of-freedom model. Structural behavior is dominated by the fundamental elastic response mode and the structural damage is controlled by the maximum structural deflection. The blast loading is simplified into a descending pressure pulse. A characteristic curve in nondimensional loading parameter space is used to define an isodamage critical diagram, pressure-impulse diagram, to distinguish damaged and undamaged ranges in the loading parameter space. Three damage regimes on a pressure-impulse diagram, i.e., (I) impulse-controlled damage, (II) peak load and impulse-controlled damage, and (III) peak load-controlled damage, exist respectively for impulsive, dynamic and quasistatic structural response regimes determined by the ratio between loading time and the response period of a structure. It is observed that there is a noticeable loading shape influence on the pressure-impulse diagram in Regime-II when both peak load and impulse are important for dynamic structural response. A unique effective pressure-impulse diagram is proposed to eliminate the pulse loading shape effect on a pressure-impulse diagram.     

Problem-solving tools for analyzing system problems. The affinity map and the relationship diagram

The author describes how to use two management tools, an affinity map and a relationship diagram, to define and analyze aspects of a complex problem in a system. The affinity map identifies the key influencing elements of the problem, whereas the relationship diagram helps to identify the area that is the most important element of the issue. Managers can use the tools to draw a map of problem drivers, graphically display the drivers in a diagram, and use the diagram to develop a cause-and-effect relationship.     

主井提升机运行速度图优化探索与实践

介绍了主井提升机速度图的设计与提升机运行效率的关系,并针对矿山主井提升中出现的瓶颈问题,对提升机速度图进行分析,找出了速度图中影响提矿效率的节点所在。结合矿山实际,缩短主井提升机箕斗爬行距离及爬行时间,减少提升机单次提升时间,优化设计并校验提升机运行速度图,可大幅提高提升机运行效率。     

镁的合金化与合金相图

论文分析了镁基合金二元和多元相图的研究现状；指出了镁合金在合金化中存在的问题。在此基础上探讨了在镁合金的设计与研究过程中如何进行相图的研究。指出由6－10个元素组成镁合金集团进行合金相图的实验测定和热力学计算的方案是可行的。     

手持GPS地图设置、Map Source应用软件使用方法浅议

GPS软件(Map Source)在计算机中的成图应用, 可以极大的提高成图精度及工作效率。     

局域平衡原理与相图的扩散偶法测定

介绍了局域平衡原理和扩散偶法测定平衡相图的方法要点.扩散偶法是一种高效的、可靠的相图测定方法,它可以大幅度减少实验工作量,减少原材料消耗,加快相图实测进程.此外,这种方法还具有可直接测定相平衡关系、相平衡成分,避免“过冷效应”等优点,特别适合于多组元系统平衡相图的实验测定.     

The Grain Refining of Aluminum and Phase Relationships in the Al-Ti-B System

A number of researchers have suggested that there may be phase relationships in the Al-Ti-B system, which can be used to explain why boron improves the grain refining ability of aluminum-titanium master alloys. In this paper, the available information on the phase diagram is reviewed and theoretical calculations are made to establish the ternary Al-Ti-B phase diagram. The phase diagram cannot explain the important effect of boron. It appears to be necessary to seek another explanation.     

Feedback systems for nontraditional medicines: a case for the signal flow diagram

The signal flow diagram is a graphic method used to represent complex data that is found in the field of biology and hence the field of medicine. The signal flow diagram is analyzed against a table of data and a flow chart of data and evaluated on the clarity and simplicity of imparting this information. The data modeled is from previous clinical studies and nontraditional medicine from Africa, China, and South America. This report is a development from previous presentations of the signal flow diagram.1-4     

Experimental and theoretical study of the phase equilibria in the fe-ni-w system

Experimental data on the Fe-Ni-W phase diagram have been obtained at 1273, 1373, 1473, 1573, and 1673 K by means of the diffusion-couple technique and electron microprobe analysis. These data were combined with selected literature information on the liquidus surface and the complete Fe-Ni-W phase diagram was evaluated. The evaluation was performed by analyzing the experimental data in terms of thermodynamic models for the Gibbs energy of the various phases and by computer-optimizing the model parameters involved. The optimized phase diagram satisfactorily describes the available data.