氮在非调质钢中的作用

了氮在非调质钢中所起的有益作用。在Ｎｂ,Ｖ,Ｔｉ三咱微合金化元素中,钒有较高的溶解度,钒有较高的溶解度,是非调质钢最常用也是最有效的强化元素。钒在钢中通过形成细小析出相起细化晶粒和沉淀强化作用。与碳相比,氮与钒有更强的亲和力,且氮化物更稳定,因此,氮对控制钒的析出起更重要的作用。大量研究结果表明,非调质钢中增氮改变了钒在相间的分布,促进Ｖ（Ｃ,Ｎ）析出,使析出相的颗粒尺寸明显减小。因而氮增强了非调     

钒钛对贝氏体非调质钢组织与性能的影响

研究了微合金钒，钛对贝氏体型非调质钢的组织与性能的影响。结果表明在贝氏体型非调质钢中，钛的碳氮化物不但能细化奥氏体晶粒，还能促进钒的碳氮化物的析出，有利于提高钢的强韧性，在该负名的尚未观察到Ｖ（Ｎ，Ｃ）其析出相为富Ｔｉ，Ｎ的（Ｔｉ，Ｖ）（ＮＣ）。     

大调质塑料模具钢中板出相的研究

利用电子显微镜技术、化学分析方法观察与分析了非调质塑料模具钢中微合金析出相的显微特征及成分。结果表明，在该钢中析出相为富钛、氮的（Ｔｉ，Ｖ）（Ｃ，Ｎ）化合物，未观察到Ｖ（Ｃ，Ｎ）析出相，说明钛不但能细化奥氏体晶粒，还能促进碳氮化物析出，有利于提高非调质塑料模具钢的强韧性。     

非调质塑料模具钢中析出相的研究

利用电子显微镜技术、化学分析方法观察与分析了非调质塑料模具钢中微合金析出相的显微特征及成分。结果表明，在该钢中析出相为富钛、氮的（Ｔｉ，Ｖ）（Ｃ，Ｎ）化合物，未观察到Ｖ（Ｃ，Ｎ）析出相，说明钛不但能细化奥氏体晶粒，还能促进碳氮化物析出，有利于提高非调质塑料模具钢的强韧性。     

V（C，N）在奥氏体中析出的动力学行为及其对晶粒细化的作用

控制VN在奥氏体中的有效析出是利用VN诱导晶内铁素体细化铁素体晶粒的关键技术。本文采用应力松弛法研究了低碳钒氮微合金钢V（C，N）在奥氏体区的等温析出行为，结果表明，试验钢的析出-温度-时间（PTT）曲线呈典型的“C”形状，本实验条件下析出开始时间最短的“鼻子”温度为870℃左右。增加钢中的碳、氮含量以及形变量等对PTT曲线有较大影响，均使“C”曲线向短时间方向移动，特别是氮含量对V（C，N）析出的影响最显著。V的高温析出促进了铁素体形核，产生了明显的晶粒细化效果。     

VN合金在非调质钢中的应用

简要介绍了ＶＮ合金在Ｆ３５ＭｎＶＮ钢中应用,对钒、氮的作用和钢水增氮方法进行了研究。结果表明,为发挥钒的作用,应增加含钒非调质钢中氮的含量;加氮的最好办法是采用ＶＮ合金。     

铌在非调质钢中的微合金化作用

研究了微量Nb对MnV基的非调质微合金钢的冶金力学特性的影响。铌的加入进一步细化晶粒,促进析出作用。铌不单本身析出,而且促进钒的析出。配合以钢的其他成分调整,如降碳、增锰、调硅及钢的热加工工艺控制,细化了铁素体晶粒和珠光体团,稀释了珠光体,改变了珠光体一渗碳体形貌和尺寸。钢的强度和韧性得到提高和改善,研究一种新型铌钒微合金非调质钢。     

增氮对钒微合金钢组织和性能的影响

 通过对不同钒、氮质量分数的试验钢进行热模拟压缩试验和实验室轧制试验,用OM、SEM和TEM分析试验钢的显微组织,研究增氮对钒微合金钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明,普通钒微合金钢为板条贝氏体＋粒状贝氏体组织,增加氮质量分数,可促进晶内铁素体相变,得到针状铁素体组织,使M/A组织细化且弥散分布,改善韧性;而增加钒质量分数,可以增加析出强化作用,提高强度,但组织形态无明显变化,不能提高韧性。增氮钢中的钒在奥氏体内以VN析出,低氮钢内的钒在铁素体内以VC的形式析出,奥氏体-铁素体、VC-铁素体和VN-铁素体的平面点阵错配度分别为6.72%、3.89% 和 1.55%,在奥氏体内析出的VN可以作为铁素体的优先形核位置,促进晶内铁素体相变。     

钒,氮含量对耐磨钢NM400组织及性能的影响

在普通Cr-Mo-B系低合金耐磨钢成分基础上,通过添加适量的钒、氮元素,研究钒氮微合金化对轧后直接淬火(DQ)+低温回火耐磨钢板组织及性能的影响。结果表明:无钒氮钢板的微观组织为板条马氏体组织,-20℃冲击功为15 J,布氏硬度为443HBW。分别添加质量分数0.088%V-0.013%N和0.089%V-0.029%N的2种钒氮微合金化的钢板,板条马氏体组织明显细化,在组织中发现存在少量针状铁素体组织。2种钢板的-20℃冲击功分别提高至30和42 J,质量分数0.089%V-0.029%N的钢板强度、硬度与无钒氮钢板基本一致。低温轧制过程中析出的V(C,N)颗粒起到定扎奥氏体晶界、抑制晶粒长大作用。在860℃温度终轧及轧后弛豫过程中析出的V(N,C)粒子可以促进针状铁素体形成,它们起到分割奥氏体晶粒、细化马氏体板条束的作用。含质量分数0.089%V-0.029%N的耐磨钢板的综合性能最好。     

钒氮钢中晶粒细化研究

 采用Gleeble 3500热模拟试验机，在相同工艺条件下，对比研究了钒氮钢、钒钢以及碳锰钢的晶粒细化效果。结果表明，钒氮钢的晶粒细化效果最显著，铁素体的晶粒尺寸可达61 μm，这主要与在奥氏体区中析出的V(C，N)有关。奥氏体区析出的V(C，N)，不但可抑制奥氏体晶粒长大，同时还可以作为铁素体的形核核心，诱导晶内铁素体形成，大大增加铁素体形核率，从而提高了相变细化的比率。     

钒微合金化钢的技术进展与应用

摘要：介绍了钒微合金化技术的最新进展以及钒钢的开发与应用情况。氮是含钒钢中有效的合金元素,含钒钢中增氮,优化了钒在钢中的析出,显著提高沉淀强化效果。采用钒氮微合金化设计,配合适当的轧制工艺,促进V(C,N)在奥氏体中析出,起到了晶内铁素体形核核心作用,实现了含钒钢的晶粒细化。最新的研究成果表明钒微合金化可以提高双相钢、贝氏体钢、相变诱导塑性钢、孪晶诱导塑性钢、热成型马氏体钢等汽车用先进高强度钢的强度并改善使用性能,显示出良好的应用前景。钒氮微合金化技术在中国高强度钢筋、高强度型钢、非调质钢、薄板坯连铸连轧高强度带钢等产品中获得广泛应用,大大促进了中国钒微合金化钢的发展。     

Low carbon manganese steels microalloyed with vanadium and nitrogen

With the objective of studying the effect of vanadium and nitrogen microalloying on microstructure and strength of low carbon steels with different manganese contents, three series of low carbon steels (0.1% C) with manganese content (between 0.8 and 3.5%), vanadium content (up to 0.17%) and nitrogen content (up to 0.025%) have been designed and investigated in the hot forging condition using a preheating and finish forging temperatures of 1200 and 950°C, respectively. Steels with a manganese content up to 2.3% revealed ferrite-pearlite structures, whereas higher manganese contents from 2.7 to 3.5% resulted in the formation of bainitic structures. A pronounced effect of manganese on the mechanical properties of steels was detected at lower manganese contents < 1.5%, due to solid solution and grain refining effects, and higher manganese contents > 2.3, due to bainite formation. Manganese content in the range of 1.5-2.3% had less pronounced effect due to solely solid solution hardening. Vanadium microalloying effectively increased the strength of steels through solely precipitation strengthening or both precipitation strengthening and grain refining effect. The effectiveness of vanadium was greatly enhanced by increasing the nitrogen content. The grain refinement of vanadium-nitrogen microalloying seems to be due to inhibition of austenite grain growth as a result of precipitation of vanadium nitride in austenite during forging. Precipitation strengthening of these steels is achieved by precipitation of vanadium carbide and nitride in ferrite or bainite. Nitrogen enhanced the precipitation strengthening of vanadium microalloyed steels which could be attributed to the finer vanadium nitride dispersion precipitates compared with vanadium carbide. Up to 70% of the total nitrogen content of steel precipitates as vanadium nitride which could be achieved with V/N ratio of about 6-7. Microalloying of low carbon-manganese steels (0.1% C and 1.8% Mn) with 0.15% vanadium and 0.025% nitrogen was found to be effective in attaining high levels of yield and ultimate tensile strengths of 835 and 940 N/mm², respectively in the forging condition.     

V-N微合金化钢筋中钒的析出行为

研究了氮对含钒微合金化钢筋中钒的析出行为的影响。实验结果表明：低氮钒钢中,大部分钒固溶于铁素体基体,比例高达565,只有35．5％钒形成V（C,N）;高氮钒钢中,70％的钒析出形成V（C,N）,只有20％的钒因溶于基体,钢氮还减小了V（C,N）颗粒尺寸,明显增加细小V（C,N）析出相的体积分数。     

Effect of Adding Nitrogen on Microstructure and Property of Vanadium Microalloyed Reinforcing Bar Steel

Worldwideattentionhasbeenpaidtomicroal loyedsteelwhichhasbeendevelopedrapidly .Manyadvantagesofmicroalloyedsteelhavebeenrecog nizeddeeply .Firstly ,themicroalloyedsteelhashighstrengthand goodcomprehensiveproperties .Sec ondly ,highprofitscanbegainedduetolowerpro ductionandapplicationcost .Themicroalloyingele mentsareaddedtomicroalloysteelsforgrainrefin ingandprecipitationstrengthening[1] .　　Theabilityofsecondphaseparticlestomaintainfinegrainsizesathightemperaturebypinningmi gratingboundarie…     

钒钢的技术进展

 介绍了V在钢中的应用及V微合金化技术最新进展。通过含V钢中增N,利用廉价的N元素,优化了V的析出,显著提高沉淀强化效果,达到节约V用量及降低成本的目的。V-N钢中V（C,N）在奥氏体中析出,起到晶内铁素体核心作用,明显细化铁素体晶粒。V在贝氏体中的析出起到明显强化作用,提高了贝氏体的强度。V-N微合金化技术在高强度钢筋、高强度型钢、非调质钢、薄板坯连铸连轧高强度带钢等产品中获得广泛应用。     

V-N微合金化CSP带钢中的析出物研究

利用Gleeble 1500D热力模拟实验机,在实验室模拟了V-N微合金化CSP钢带的生产过程.实验结果显示,在连铸初期,TiN基本全部从钢中析出,而随着铸坯温度的降低,V开始以TiN为核心或单独形核析出,在铸坯均热后,大部分单独形核的V(C,N)趋于溶解,未溶解的则开始长大,而以TiN为核心的(Ti,V)(C,N)中的V部分溶解于钢中,V在粒子中的含量减少.在CSP连轧中,V(C,N)不断从钢中析出,全部析出物起阻碍奥氏体晶粒长大的作用,而含V颗粒还促进铁素体的形核,提高奥氏体/铁素体相变比率,细化最终的铁素体组织.     

Recent Development and Applications of V Microalloying Technology in China

This paper reviews recent developments of V microalloying technology and its applications in HSLA steels.Enhanced-nitrogen in V-containing steel promotes precipitation of fine V(C,N) particles,and improves markedly precipitation strengthening effectiveness of vanadium,therefore,there is a significant saving of V addition in the same strength requirement.Vanadium can be used effectively for ferrite grain refinement by the nucleation of intragranular ferrite promoted by VN precipitates in Austenite.The combination of intragranular ferrite (IGF) on VN particles and the recrystallization controlled rolling (RCR) technology realize the grain refinement in V-containing steel.V-N process is a cost-effective way for high strength rebars,forging steels and thin slab direct rolling strips.     

珠钢电炉-薄板坯连铸连轧流程VN微合金钢组织性能研究

阐述了珠钢电炉-薄板坯连铸连轧流程VN微合金钢钒的析出规律、微观组织特征和强化机理。研究表明：在电炉-薄板坯连铸连轧流程采用VN微合金化,铸坯中析出以钒（C,N）为主,并有少量TiN或（Ti,V）（C,N）复合析出,平均粒度大约为40nm,热连轧开始前铸坯中大量存在的钒（C,N）能够抑制后续热连轧过程中变形奥氏体再结晶晶粒长大,使铁索体组织超细化;强化机制以细晶强化为主、沉淀强化为辅;采用VN微合金化技术开发的550MPa级VN微合金钢组织细化至3．0—4．0μm,产品具有良好的综合性能。     

Microstructure and Precipitation Behavior in HAZ of V and Ti Microalioyed Steel

Three steels containing 0.05%C-0.1%V-0.01%N (steel V-LN),0.05%C-0.1%V-0.02%N (steel V-HN),and 0.05%C-0.1%V-0.02%N-0.01%Ti (steel V-HN-Ti),which were all essentially vanadium microalloyed steels,were subjected to simulating the microstructure of a coarse grained heat affected zone (CGHAZ).The process involved reheating to 1 350 ℃,rapid cooling to room temperature,and varying the welding heat input from 15 kJ/cm to 54 kJ/cm,including four cooling rates of t8/5 equal to 7.5 s,20 s,40 s,100 s,and the relationship of heat input to t8/5 was calculated by Quiksim software.The microstructure and precipitation of vanadium and titanium carbon nitrides are studied.The results indicate that the microstructure consists of granular bainite and some side plate ferrite in the grain boundary when the steels are produced with the highest heat input.As the heat input decreased,numerous polygonal ferrites and grain boundary ferrites appeared,and the size apparently increased.When the steel contained high nitrogen,it was considerably easier to form martensite-austenite island,which was even worse for the toughness and other properties of the steel.For the limitation of cooling time,vanadium carbon nitrides could not precipitate sufficiently,but as titanium was added,the unmelted or precipitated TiN on cooling absorbed some fraction of nitrogen in the matrix and made more precipitate positions for the round V(C,N),and thus several useful round particles could be seen in titanium-contained steel,and most of them were around TiN.By this experiment,we can conclude that with the help of titanium,nitrogen-enhanced steel had a better prior austenite grain size,was considerably easier to precipitate,reduced free nitrogen in the matrix effectively,and provided a very effective mechanism for restriction grain growth in the HAZ.