200系列不锈钢的应用分析

本文通过对201和304不锈钢力学性能、耐蚀性能和焊接性能的对比，确定了201不锈钢的适用范围，并结合我国国情，分析了发展200系列不锈钢的有利条件。     

200系列Cr-Mn不锈钢：从实际应用和安全可靠性可以替代304不锈钢吗？

镍价的波动促使许多的生产商寻求另一种与AISI304性能相同的奥氏体不锈钢替代产品。在20世纪30年代初，生产出了最初的铬锰（Cr-Mn）奥氏体不锈钢，钢中锰元素取代了部分镍。此后，对具体的成分比例进行了更多的研究，使用了氮（N）和铜（Cu），控制强烈影响材料性能的元素碳（C）和硫（S）。     

200系列奥氏体不锈钢冷轧钢带的研制

0－1Cr17Mn6Ni5N是以锰、氮代镍奥氏体不锈钢，简称201。该品种在经济欠发达的发展中国家及镍资源比较短缺的地区有极好的推广前景。     

严格200系列不锈钢的标准化质量控制

简要分析了200(铬-锰-氮)系列不锈钢的发展与应用.如何让200系列不锈钢严格按照标准规范生产、控制产品质量,是生产、设计、应用不容忽视的.特别对此类钢的终端用户并不恰当的应用提出了建议.     

200系列不锈钢中多元素的X-射线荧光光谱分析

采用全自动制样,应用波长扫描X-射线荧光光谱分析法对200系列不锈钢中Si、Mn、P、S、Ni、Cr、Cu、Mo、V、Ti、Nb、Co、W等多元素进行测定。选择非相似多元不锈钢标准物质,主要采用基本参数法,结合PH模式的经验系数法校正光谱干扰和基体效应,同时加入了光谱波长、能量重叠校正和高次荧光校正来消除光谱干扰和严重的基体效应。通过精密度测试和对比试验表明,该方法用于在线分析200系列不锈钢中多个元素,工作曲线延展性好,精密度高,检测值与标样认定值比对结果理想,贵重金属Ni、Cr、Mn测量精密度0.003%-0.015%,准确度高、快速,重复性好,具有良好的稳定性。     

AOD精炼304不锈钢渗氮、脱氮的计算模型与应用

研究了AOD精炼304不锈钢过程中的渗氮和脱氮行为,建立了渗氮和脱氮计算模型。AOD渗氮模型在120 t AOD装置的验证结果显示,剔除异常数据后,氧化3期氮含量计算值与实测值之间的绝对误差在±100×10^-4%之间的约占总炉数的85%;还原期和脱硫期AOD脱氮模型计算结果与实测值之间的绝对误差在±100×10^-4%之间的约达到80%以上,AOD脱硫期的氮含量命中精度约为90%。     

载荷对高氮不锈钢和304不锈钢磨损行为的影响

以高氮不锈钢(18.8%Cr-12.6%Mn-4.5%Ni-0.55%N)和304不锈钢为研究对象,利用沙盘磨损试验机在不同载荷下进行干摩擦磨损试验,通过场发射扫描电镜(SEM)分别对试样磨损表面进行观察。结果表明,在低、中和高载荷下,高氮不锈钢的耐磨性均优于同条件下的304不锈钢,高氮不锈钢的耐磨性分别为0.48、0.30和0.22 h/g,而304不锈钢的耐磨性分别为0.44、0.25和0.18 h/g。在低载荷下,304不锈钢的磨损机制主要为犁削和凿削,随着载荷的增加,磨损机制变为塑性变形和微切削;对于高氮不锈钢,在低载荷下磨损机制为犁削和微切削,随着载荷的增加,磨损机制为微切削。在高载荷(100 N)下,304不锈钢和高氮不锈钢的XRD图谱显示基体组织仍为单相奥氏体,说明未发生明显的马氏体转变。     

含铈304不锈钢夹杂物改性及耐腐蚀性能优化

 通过在304不锈钢中加入不同含量的铈,研究了铈处理前后钢中夹杂物的变化,并借助于腐蚀失重试验及电化学试验,分析了不同含量的铈处理后钢中夹杂物性质变化对304不锈钢耐腐蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明,未加铈的不锈钢中主要为MnS夹杂及复合氧化物夹杂,夹杂物的平均尺寸为8.6 μm,而钢的自腐蚀电位仅为-348.52 mV。加入稀土铈后,夹杂物逐渐改性成球状或椭球状的含铈夹杂物,平均尺寸有所降低,而不锈钢耐腐蚀性则有所提高。当铈质量分数达到0.012%时,钢中MnS夹杂全部改性成球状含铈夹杂,不锈钢自腐蚀电位高达-311.25 mV,耐腐蚀性能最好。继续增加稀土铈含量,钢中夹杂物的形状变得不规则,尺寸也有所增加,导致不锈钢耐腐蚀性能降低。     

温轧表面纳米晶化304不锈钢钢板的多尺度晶粒组织

采用表面机械研磨处理后进行温轧的工艺,制备超细晶粒结构的304不锈钢钢板;采用XRD、TEM分析表征材料的微观组织结构;测试材料的维氏硬度。试验结果表明,所获得的材料晶粒尺寸呈梯度分布,从表层的纳米晶层逐渐过渡为心部的微米晶层,其中微米晶层的体积分数约为40%;同时,此多尺度晶粒分布的304SS板由奥氏体和马氏体双相组成,并同样呈梯度分布,具体为马氏体的体积分数从表层到心部逐渐减少,而奥氏体则反之;所制备的钢板表层维氏硬度显著提高,与原始未处理的304SS相比提高了150%;硬度的大幅度提高源于晶粒细化和应变诱导马氏体相变;维氏硬度分布与微观组织变化一致,表明此样品实现了高强高延性的良好结合。     

Influence of the preheated substrate temperature on the microstructure deposition behavior of the 304 stainless steel coatings deposited by cold gas dynamic spraying

The effects of the substrate temperature on the deposition and microstructure of the 304 stainless steel (SS) cold gas dynamic spraying (CGDS) coatings were investigated. It was found that the higher substrate temperature could increase the deposition rate of the 304 SS particles,even the oxide films existed at the interface. There was a critical oxide film with a thickness of 3-4 μm which could be destroyed by the impacted particles. The micro-hardness and microstructure of the 304 SS coatings under different substrate preheating temperatures were almost the same.     

Influence of the preheated substrate temperature on the microstructure deposition behavior of the 304 stainless steel coatings deposited by cold gas dynamic spraying

The effects of the substrate temperature on the deposition and microstructure of the 304 stainless steel(SS)cold gas dynamic spraying(CGDS)coatings were investigated.It was found that the higher substrate temperature could increase the deposition rate of the 304 SS particles,even the oxide films existed at the interface.There was a critical oxide film with a thickness of 3-4 μm which could be destroyed by the impacted particles.The micro-hardness and microstructure of the 304 SS coatings under different substrate preheating temperatures were almost the sanle.     

Development of high corrosion-resistant ferritic stainless steel and its application in the building cladding system

Effects of Mo, Nb, Ti on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 22.5%Cr ferritic stainless steel were investigated. The results show that Mo exists in ferritic stainless steel mainly in the solution treatment condition, and it can enhance steel’s strength through solid solution strengthening. In Ti+Nb dual-stabilized ferritic stainless steel, the steel’s toughness decreases obviously because coarse TiN particles form and some metallic compounds precipitate along the grain boundaries. In Nb single-stablized ferritic stainless steel, Nb exists either in the solution treatment condition or in the form of dispersed precipitates Nb(C, N), which will act as the nuclei of precipitation of the fine σ phase. As a result, the precipitation of the coarse σ phase along the grain boundary can be inhibited, leading to significant improvement in steel’s toughness at a low temperature. Based on these, high corrosion-resistant ferritic stainless steel B445R was developed for the building cladding system. Test results show that B445R has a superior corrosion resistance to austenitic 316 L in chloride solution. Besides, it has a good forming property and weldability. All these make it an ideal decorating material for the building cladding system in severe coastal regions.     

电工钢用无磷涂硅脱脂剂的研制与应用

通过实验确定无磷涂硅脱脂剂配方：木质素磺酸钠／XA50（C10脂肪醇乙氧基化合物）=1：1用量为2g／L,氢氧化钠用量为1．5g／L;碳酸钠6g／L;硅酸钠10g／L;柠檬酸钠1g／L。该脱脂剂高效环保,结合电解脱脂技术,生产运行中脱脂效率稳定在97％以上。     

Development and prospect of secondary refining technology for ultra pure ferritic stainless steel

Ultra pure ferritic stainless steel has more advantages in the performance than the ordinary ferritic stainless steel because of ultra low carbon and nitrogen content,such as corrosion resistance,toughness and weldability,etc.Such steel has therefore been applied in many fields,leading to the very rapid development over the past 40 years.This study focuses on the secondary refining process which is the most important step of the whole steelmaking process for the ultra pure ferritic stainless.Firstly,some difficulties of the secondary refining process are described,including the high purification in terms of both carbon and nitrogen contents, high efficient and stable control.Secondly,the development and progress of the secondary refining technology for ultra pure ferritic stainless is introduced in terms of the refining equipments,metallurgical process and assistant technologies.Finally,the prospect was made for the development of secondary refining process for ultra pure ferritic stainless in the future.     

建筑维护系统用高耐蚀性铁素体不锈钢的研发与应用

研究了Mo、Nb、Ti对22.5%Cr铁素体不锈钢力学性能、耐腐蚀性能的影响,研究结果表明,Mo主要以固溶状态存在于铁素体不锈钢中,通过固溶强化提高了铁素体不锈钢的强度;在Ti/Nb双稳定铁素体不锈钢中,由于粗大TiN颗粒的形成和金属间化合物在晶界的析出,钢的韧性明显降低;在Nb单稳定铁素体不锈钢中,Nb以固溶状态和Nb(C,N)析出相存在于铁素体基体中,Nb(C,N)弥散分布于铁素体晶内,并作为σ相的形核质点,避免了σ相在晶界的析出,从而改善了钢的低温韧性。在此基础上研制出建筑维护系统用的高耐蚀性铁素体不锈钢B445R。测试结果表明,B445R在氯离子溶液中具有比316L更优越的耐点腐蚀性能,而且具有良好的成形性能和焊接性能,这些优点使其成为沿海地区建筑维护系统理想的装饰材料。