超超临界机组叶片钢KT5331晶粒长大行为

通过在不同温度下等温奥氏体化,研究KT5331钢奥氏体晶粒长大行为,并探讨析出相对奥氏体晶粒长大行为的影响机理.研究表明,KT5331钢奥氏体晶粒长大可分为三个阶段:1075℃以下,由于含W和Nb的析出相钉扎作用,晶粒长大缓慢;1075℃以上,含W和Nb的析出相溶解,钉扎作用减弱,随加热温度和保温时间延长晶粒迅速长大;1225℃及以上,δ铁素体析出,晶粒尺寸随加热温度升高而急剧减小.通过拟合分别得到晶粒粗化温度以下（950~1075℃）和晶粒粗化温度以上（1100~1200℃）的晶粒长大模型.      

加热工艺对Nb-Ti微合金钢奥氏体晶粒长大的影响

 为了解加热制度对Nb Ti微合金钢的奥氏体晶粒长大和析出行为的影响，采用OM、TEM和EDS分析技术，研究了Nb Ti微合金钢在不同加热温度和保温时间的奥氏体晶粒长大行为，以及微合金元素碳氮化物析出行为。结果表明，随加热温度升高，奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐长大，当加热温度超过1 200 ℃时奥氏体晶粒尺寸快速长大。随保温时间延长，奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐长大，当保温时间超过2.0 h时奥氏体晶粒尺寸快速长大。EDS分析显示Nb Ti钢中的析出物为(Nb，Ti)(C，N)复合相，随着加热温度升高和保温时间延长，析出相体积分数减少，尺寸增大，从而减弱对奥氏体晶粒的细化作用；Nb Ti微合金试验钢合适的加热温度范围为1 150～1 200 ℃，保温时间低于2.0 h。     

Nb(C,N)溶解对高铌奥氏体晶粒长大行为的影响

为了定量研究铌对高铌钢加热过程奥氏体晶粒长大的影响，采用化学溶解过滤分离及电感耦合等离子光谱测定不同加热温度两种试验钢固溶铌质量分数，并对比研究了奥氏体晶粒长大行为。结果表明，在低温条件下，低铌钢固溶铌质量分数高于高铌钢；随加热温度升高，高铌钢固溶铌质量分数快速增加，但即使在1 300 ℃时，铌也不能完成固溶，少量铌存在于(Ti,Nb)(N,C)析出相中；奥氏体晶粒快速长大的温度与固溶铌质量分数快速增加的温度有关。随铌质量分数由0.082%增加到0.120%，奥氏体晶粒快速长大的临界温度由1 050升高到1 150 ℃。高铌钢在1 150～1 250 ℃加热温度范围内，奥氏体晶粒尺寸小于100 μm。     

Nb-Ti微合金钢中的奥氏体晶粒长大行为研究

Nb、Ti是管线钢中常用的合金元素。主要通过热处理和喷碳处理等手段研究了合金元素Nb、Ti的含量及加热制度对再加热奥氏体晶粒长大的影响。试验结果表明:试验钢在再加热过程中,奥氏体晶粒尺寸随加热温度升高而增大;在常规含铌钢中,为获得较小的加热态奥氏体晶粒,钛的质量分数应控制在一定范围内(0.010%~0.015%),钛含量过高或过低都对晶粒细化有不利影响。此外,在钛含量相同的情况下,高铌钢奥氏体晶粒长大明显,高铌钢的最佳钛含量范围也与常规含铌钢的最佳钛含量不同。     

Nb-V复合微合金化对管线钢再加热奥氏体影响规律研究

借助光学显微镜(OM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)等分析手段，通过热处理试验,热力学模型计算及therme-cacl软件分析等，研究了再加热过程中管线钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸和微合金元素溶解和析出行为之间的耦合关系。结果表明，试验钢在再加热温度1 180℃、保温1.5 h时，此时奥氏体晶粒尺寸存在以下规律：Nb钢(61.14μm±5.59μm)钢>QNb-V_钢>QV_钢，进一步证实在该阶段奥氏体晶粒的长大主要与Nb元素固溶量成正相关。在再加热温度1 180℃、保温1.5 h下Nb-V试验钢和Nb钢原奥氏体晶粒尺寸、Nb固溶量都在相近的范围内，从再加热阶段进一步验证了含V管线钢的可行...     

均热温度对抗震钢筋奥氏体化及铌固溶的影响

摘要：通过热处理试验结合物理化学相分析实验，对含铌与不含铌的2种试验钢在不同均热温度下的奥氏体晶粒长大情况及含铌钢中铌的固溶规律进行研究。结果表明，均热温度低于1200℃时，含铌钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸均小于无铌钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸；随着均热温度的升高，含铌钢奥氏体中固溶的Nb逐渐增多；均热温度升至1200℃时，含铌钢奥氏体晶粒较无铌钢无明显细化。通过相分析试验研究实际Nb的固溶量与均热温度的关系，发现实际测量得到Nb未溶量随均热温度的升高而减小，对比Nb在奥氏体中的实际固溶与理论固溶的关系，寻找适合的含铌试验钢的理论模型。     

1000MPa级微合金化冷轧双相钢退火工艺及强韧化机制

摘要：通过热处理试验结合物理化学相分析实验，对含铌与不含铌的2种试验钢在不同均热温度下的奥氏体晶粒长大情况及含铌钢中铌的固溶规律进行研究。结果表明，均热温度低于1200℃时，含铌钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸均小于无铌钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸；随着均热温度的升高，含铌钢奥氏体中固溶的Nb逐渐增多；均热温度升至1200℃时，含铌钢奥氏体晶粒较无铌钢无明显细化。通过相分析试验研究实际Nb的固溶量与均热温度的关系，发现实际测量得到Nb未溶量随均热温度的升高而减小，对比Nb在奥氏体中的实际固溶与理论固溶的关系，寻找适合的含铌试验钢的理论模型。     

25Cr2Mo1VA钢奥氏体晶粒长大规律探讨

 为了研究不同加热温度和保温时间下25Cr2Mo1VA钢奥氏体晶粒长大规律,利用金相显微镜、TEM、EDS以及截距法分析了不同状态下奥氏体晶粒大小、形貌,析出相类型及其大小分布等。结果表明,当加热温度在900 ℃以下,试验钢的奥氏体晶粒长大缓慢且细小;随着温度加热至950 ℃,奥氏体晶粒出现了“混晶”现象,再加热超过1 000 ℃后,奥氏体晶粒异常长大。随保温时间的延长,奥氏体晶粒也会长大,但保温时间对奥氏体晶粒尺寸的影响没有加热温度显著。试验钢中出现近似球形状的析出相,即为富钒的非计量化合物M₈C₇析出相。根据Anelli改进模型和回归分析,建立了试验钢奥氏体晶粒长大的热力学模型,并结合析出相粒子对奥氏体晶粒钉扎作用,探讨了25Cr2Mo1VA钢的奥氏体晶粒长大规律及成因。     

二次硬化超高强度钢AF1410奥氏体晶粒长大行为

研究了二次硬化超高强度AF1410钢(%:0.165C、14.10Co、9.83Ni、1.92Cr、1.05Mo)在800～1200℃ 5～180 min加热的奥氏体晶粒长大行为。结果表明,AF1410钢奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸随加热温度的升高和保温时间延长而增大,加热温度超过1100℃后,奥氏体晶粒发生严重粗化;不同加热温度下,该钢的奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸与保温时间符合Beck关系;建立了AF1410钢的奥氏体晶粒长大数学模型,800～1200℃加热时,该钢奥氏体晶粒长大平均激活能为220.2 kJ/mol,其奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸与加热温度之间符合Arrhenius关系。     

再加热温度对含Nb，Ti钢第二相粒子固溶及晶粒长大的影响

 通过热力学计算和萃取复型分析技术,对高Ti含Nb钢中第二相粒子在不同加热温度下的固溶情况和奥氏体晶粒的长大规律进行了研究。结果表明：再加热温度低于1 180 ℃时,钢中Nb、Ti含量随温度升高显著增加。Nb、Ti固溶量分别在1 210 ℃和1 180 ℃以上趋于稳定;再加热温度在800~1 100 ℃时,以尺寸小于30 nm、分布较均匀的小粒子为主,呈球形,奥氏体晶粒尺寸在30 μm以下。再加热温度在1 180~1 210 ℃时,第二相粒子数量减少,尺寸多在100~200 nm之间,形态多为立方形和球形,奥氏体晶粒尺寸略微增加。随着再加热温度的进一步升高,析出粒子数量迅速下降,尺寸多为大于200 nm的方形粒子,此时奥氏体晶粒迅速长大至100 μm以上;析出粒子组成均为Nb、Ti复合的碳氮化物,其Nb/Ti原子比随温度升高而降低;试验钢的晶粒粗化温度为1 210 ℃,确定实际加热温度为1 180~1 210 ℃。     

Austenitization Behaviors of X80 Pipeline Steels With High Nb and Micro-Ti Treatment

 The austenitization behaviors of two high Nb-containing X80 pipeline steels with different Ti contents, including the dissolution of microalloying precipitates and the austenite grain growth behaviors, were investigated by using physical-chemical phase analysis method and optimal microstructure observation. The results illustrate that most Nb can be dissolved into austenite during the soaking at 1180℃, but very little amount of Ti can be dissolved. It is found that during soaking, the austenite grain growth rate is initially high, and then it decreases after 1h soaking; moreover, the austenite grains grow up more rapidly at temperatures above 1180℃ than at temperatures below 1180℃. It is shown that the steel with 0.016%Ti content has a larger austenite grain size than the steel with 0.012%Ti under the same soaking conditions, which has been explained by considering the particle size distribution.     

Austenite Grain Growth Behavior of X80 Pipeline Steel in Heating Process

Through changing soaking temperature and soaking time,austenite grain growth behavior of X80 pipeline steel under different heating conditions was studied. Relationships of average grain size to soaking temperature and time were obtained respectively. The results show that the prior austenite grains grow with the increase of soaking temperature and time. When soaking temperature is lower than 1180℃,austenite grain size and growth rate are small; when it higher than 1200℃,austenite grains grow rapidly and abnormal grain growth appears. For soaking at 1180℃,austenite grain growth rate is initially high and then decreases when soaking time exceeds 1h.     

Austenitization Behaviors of X80 Pipeline Steel With High Nb and Trace Ti Treatment

The austenitization behaviors of two high niobium-containing X80 pipeline steels with different titanium contents, including the dissolution of microalloying precipitates and the austenite grain growth, were investigated by using physical-chemical phase analysis method and microstructural observation. The results illustrated that most niobium could be dissolved into austenite during soaking at 1180℃, whereas little amount of titanium could be dissolved. It was found that during soaking, the austenite grain growth rate was initially high, and then decreased after soaking for 1 h; moreover, the austenite grains grew up more rapidly at temperatures above 1180℃ than below 1180℃. The results show that the steel with titanium content of 0.016% has a larger austenite grain size than that with titanium content of 0.012% under the same soaking conditions, which is explained by considering the particle size distribution.     

钛铌微合金化齿轮钢的奥氏体晶粒长大研究

 采用热模拟渗碳方法研究了Ti、Ti-Nb微合金化的20CrMnTi和20CrMnTiNb渗碳齿轮钢在930~1200℃的奥氏体晶粒长大规律。结果表明,添加0. 038%(质量分数,下同)的钛和0. 048%的铌的20CrMnTiNb钢中含有铌和钛的析出相,其粒子间距为0. 361μm;而含0. 054%的钛的20CrMnTi钢中仅含有较大尺寸的TiN析出相,粒子间距为0. 471μm,前者奥氏体晶粒粗化倾向明显低于后者。20CrMnTiNb钢经1000℃奥氏体化10h后奥氏体晶粒长大不明显,且无混晶现象,适合高温渗碳工艺。     

In-situ observation on austenite grain growth of a Nb microalloyed high-carbon steel

It was reported in previous studies that the growth of austenite was inhibited by the pinning effect of Nb containing precipitates and the solute dragging effect of solute Nb. The effect of Nb on austenite grain growth of high carbon steel was investigated by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). Microstructure evolution during heating process of the tested steel was observed by in situ observation. The results show that even without the pinning effect of Nb containing precipitates (at high temperatures), Nb can hinder the growth of austenite grains due to the solute dragging effect of Nb. Two models were used to fit the austenite grain growth process, and the Beck growth models of Nb microalloyed high carbon steels at different heating temperatures were established. The austenite grain growth kinetics model considering the influence of heating temperature and holding time can accurately predict the austenite grain growth process of Nb microalloyed high carbon steels.     

奥氏体化温度对奥氏体晶粒度及第二相固溶的影响

利用光学显微镜等研究了 SA5 1 6Gr60N 容器钢在不同奥氏体化温度下奥氏体晶粒尺寸的长大规律以及微合金元素 Nb、Ti、V 的固溶规律.研究结果表明,随着奥氏体化温度的升高,微合金元素 Nb、Ti、V 的固溶量逐渐增加;990~1 050 ℃时,原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸增加缓慢,晶粒细小均匀;1 070 ℃时晶粒出现异常长大现象,随后部分奥氏体晶粒急剧长大,不均匀性越来越明显;1 1 70~1 210 ℃时,奥氏体晶粒尺寸均匀化.     

Nb微合金化高碳钢奥氏体晶粒长大原位观察

摘要：以往研究表明Nb析出相钉扎和固溶Nb溶质拖曳作用共同阻碍奥氏体晶粒长大。采用高温共聚焦显微镜研究了Nb对一种高碳含Nb钢奥氏体晶粒长大的影响,对含Nb钢加热过程组织演变进行原位观察。结果表明,Nb在没有钉扎作用下（即高温条件下）仍能起到阻碍奥氏体晶粒长大的作用,该阻碍效果主要是固溶Nb的溶质拖曳作用引起的。采用2种模型对奥氏体晶粒长大行为进行拟合,给出了不同加热温度下Nb微合金化高碳钢的Beck长大方程,同时考虑到加热温度和保温时间的共同影响,根据原位观察结果得到实验钢的奥氏体晶粒长大动力学模型,该模型能够较准确地预测Nb微合金化高碳钢奥氏体晶粒长大行为。