Technology Research on Preparation of Silica White by Manganese Slag

以工业锰浸出渣、氢氧化钠、硫酸为主要原料通过沉淀法制备白炭黑,研究了锰渣与氢氧化钠的配比、氢氧化钠浓度、反应时间、反应温度等因素对白炭黑回收率的影响.获得了制备白炭黑的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度为140℃、氢氧化钠/锰渣的质量比为0.8∶1、反应时间为8h,白炭黑的回收率达到44％.通过红外光谱、TEM等技术表征了白炭黑的结构,粒径为50 nm左右,经测试二氧化硅的含量达到90.5％,达到国家标准.     

烟道灰中铜锌锰的分离与回收

采用碱浸—沉淀法回收锌,酸浸—置换法回收铜及酸浸—沉淀法回收锰使烟道灰中的铜、锌、锰得到分离回收。通过正交实验得到最优化工艺。碱浸法最优化工艺:固液比为1∶4,NaOH浓度为10%,反应温度为65℃,反应时间2 h,锌浸出率达到97.6%,所得ZnCO_3渣含锌量达50.0%,回收率达96.0%;酸浸法最优化工艺:固液比为1∶5,硫酸浓度为7.5%,反应温度为60℃,反应时间2 h,其铜、锰浸出率分别达到96.0%,95.0%;铁置换法最优化工艺:初始pH值为2.0,铁过量系数为1.15,反应温度为65℃,反应时间2 h,铜回收率达98.0%,铜含量达90.5%以上;利用沉淀法回收锰得MnO_2,锰回收率达99.0%以上,锰含量达55.0%以上。     

铜锰渣酸浸及选择性硫化沉淀法回收铜工艺

系统开展了铜锰渣的H₂SO₄浸出及酸浸液Na₂S₂O₃选择性沉铜研究,通过单因素实验,分别探究了2个工艺过程的影响因素。实验结果表明:铜锰渣酸浸的较优条件为:H₂SO₄用量200 g/L,液固体积质量比（mL/g）7∶1,反应温度80 ℃,反应时间2 h,该条件下铜、钴、锌、锰的浸出率分别为99.81%,99.54%,99.07%,24.10%,浸出渣主要物相为MnO₂。酸浸液选择性硫化沉铜的较优条件为Na₂S₂O₃用量倍数2.0,反应时间90 min,反应温度70 ℃,该条件下铜、钴、锌、锰的沉淀率分别为99.99%,0.26%,0.34%,0.29%,沉铜渣主要物相为CuS。经过上述工艺过程,铜的回收率达到99.80%,浸出渣和沉铜渣可直接用于工业生产,沉铜后液可继续分离锌、钴等金属元素。      

电解金属锰阳极泥的综合回收利用研究

电解金属锰阳极泥中Mn含量在40%~50%,Pb含量达3%~5%,是一种很好的锰资源和铅资源。采用电解金属锰阳极泥为氧化剂,葡萄糖为还原剂,在硫酸溶液中还原浸出阳极泥中的锰,以酸性含锰溶液回收阳极泥中锰的同时,得到以硫酸铅为主成份的浸出渣。试验考察了糖矿比、酸矿比、反应时间、反应温度对锰浸出及铅富集效果的影响。结果表明,在糖矿比0.13、酸矿比1.26、反应时间4 h、反应温度90℃的条件下,阳极泥中锰的浸出率可达99%以上,通过浸出富集,渣中铅品位达43%以上,达到电解金属锰阳极泥综合回收利用的目的。     

用富镁低品位锰矿石制备硫酸锰的试验研究

针对低品位富镁软锰矿,研究了预脱镁—黄铁矿还原酸浸—制备硫酸锰。结果表明,在液固体积质量比3.5∶1、温度35℃、反应时间4h条件下,矿石脱镁率为86%;以脱镁渣为原料,在反应温度95℃、反应时间3h、物料配比n(MnO2)∶n(FeS2)∶n(H2SO4)=1∶0.18∶2.0条件下,锰浸出率为97%;所得硫酸锰的纯度较高,达到工业硫酸锰行业标准。     

转炉钒渣中锰的浸出行为研究

转炉钒渣中锰的含量为6.82%,是一种低品位锰资源。实验研究了转炉钒渣中锰的浸出行为,分析了相关实验参数对锰浸出行为的影响。研究发现,在反应条件为硫酸浓度10%,反应温度90℃,反应时间120 min,反应液固比4:1 m L/g时,锰的浸出率可达到76.02%。引入电场不会影响锰的浸出行为,但硫酸亚铁的加入则会降低了锰的浸出率。反应过程中会生成大量的CaSO_4,会像膜一样包裹在转炉钒渣表面,阻碍反应的进行。     

高炉内锰还原的研究

通过热力学计算和有关分析表明,锰在整个滴落带的还原不是依靠渣铁反应进行,而是通过滴落带渣焦反应生成单相锰再溶于铁水的。本文还阐述了实验室研究结果,据此分析了温度、炉渣碱度、渣中CaF_2含量、反应时间等诸因素与锰还原的关系。     

十烷基羟肟酸催化合成研究

介绍了十烷基羟肟酸的催化合成方法,以十烷基脂肪酸、甲醇、盐酸羟胺、氢氧化钠为原料,以TQ为催化剂,通过酯化、肟化、酸化三步反应制备十烷基羟肟酸。对肟化反应的配料比、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂种类、催化剂用量等因素进行了研究,产品含氮量达到5.2%。     

低锰高铁矿直接还原-熔分制备富锰渣试验研究

摘要：试验以锰品位27.7%,铁品位18.1%的低锰高铁矿为研究对象还原制备富锰渣,生产得到的富锰渣可用于冶炼硅锰合金,以达到高效利用低品位锰矿的目的。根据该矿的成分分析、XRD分析和粒度检测分析结果,采用还原 熔分法对低锰矿进行还原制备富锰渣试验,试验结果表明：单因素试验下各参数对低锰高铁矿的还原-熔分后渣中Mn、Fe元素的含量和Mn元素的回收率均有较大影响,同时结合Box-Behnke原理设计方案,选取温度、碱度以及配碳量3个试验因素,通过响应曲面法研究各因素交互作用下对Mn元素回收率的影响规律,对试验因素进行优化分析,建立相应的多项式模型。模拟优化得到最优的工艺条件为：还原温度1402℃,碱度0.10,配碳量10.04%,Mn元素回收率为97%。在最佳条件下做验证试验得出Mn元素回收率为95.80%,误差1.24%,证明响应曲面法预测模型具有可靠性,同时对低锰高铁矿的应用有重要指导意义。     

响应曲面法优化木薯渣—硫酸浸取软锰矿工艺的研究

探究木薯渣为还原剂在硫酸存在下浸取软锰矿中锰工艺条件,通过单因素试验和响应曲面试验,考查了木薯渣用量、液固比、硫酸浓度、温度以及反应时间对浸出结果的影响,实验表明:在取10g软锰矿进行试验时,浸锰最佳工艺条件为木薯渣用量5 g,硫酸浓度为3 mol/L,反应时间为150 min,温度是80℃,液固比为10∶1,其浸出率达到94.08%。     

Equilibrium kinetics of manganese-ore carbon-reduction between molten steel and slag

The equilibrium condition between molten steel and slag during manganese-ore carbon-reduction was studied using both resistance furnaces and induction furnaces. The resistance furnace experiment shows that it is difficult to further increase the yield of manganese (maintained at around 37%) without stirring. The bottom blowing and top slag stirring were strengthened in the induction furnace test, where white slag was continuously produced to promote the carbon reduction of manganese dioxide in slag between molten steel and slag. Under these conditions, the yield of manganese between molten steel and slag can reach greater than 90%. The main factors affecting the manganate capacity are the carbon and silicon content in molten steel. The limiting process of manganese mass transfer is mainly the mass transfer of manganese in molten steel. Under carbon reduction in molten steel the limiting factor affecting the mass transfer of manganese is the mass transfer of manganese in slag.     

钨冶炼渣中铁、锰浸出工艺研究

通过对原料进行XRF、XRD、SEM的分析检测,XRF确定原料中主要组成元素Fe、Mn、Ca,含量大约为23.41 %、7.166 %、15.22 %;XRD表明含量较高的铁化合物晶体和锰化合物晶体主要为Fe₂O₃、NaMn（Mn, Fe）₂（PO₄）₃;SEM表明钨冶炼渣中有结晶物质吸附在大颗粒表面,颗粒形貌、大小相差较大.选择硫酸作为钨冶炼渣的浸出剂,选择性浸出铁、锰,钙元素富集留滤渣中,10 g钨冶炼渣中锰、铁含量的浸出量大约为0.58 g和2.1 g左右.考察了反应温度、固液比、硫酸质量分数和反应时间对铁、锰浸出率的影响,通过正交实验表得到较优工艺条件:反应温度80 ℃、固液比为1:6（g/g）、质量分数为25 %（g/g）与反应时间为90 min.浸出次数为1次.浸出液循环浸出次数1次,可以使铁、锰的浓度提高大约50 %和38 %.浸出过程动力学计算较符合通过产物层的扩散为控制步骤,其中铁浸出速率较快.      

Leaching of silica from vanadium-bearing steel slag in sodium hydroxide solution

The work aims to selectively extract silica from vanadium-bearing steel slag by a leaching process. The effects of the particle size, the ratio of solid to liquid, the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution and the leaching temperature on the leaching behavior of silica from vanadium-bearing steel slag were investigated. The leaching kinetics of silica from vanadium-bearing steel slag in 30-50% w/w NaOH solutions was studied at 240 °C and the shrinking-core model was established to express the leaching kinetics of silica. The data showed that the leaching rate was controlled by the chemical reaction on the system interface and the activation energy for the process was found to be 36.4 kJ mol^− 1. By the leaching process, the majority of silica could be removed effectively from the vanadium-bearing steel slag and a residue with a low SiO₂ content of 4.28% and a high V₂O₅ content of 11.15% was obtained. Under these conditions there was partial dissolution of Al and slight dissolution of Cr, Mn and Ti.     

转炉终点渣钢间锰平衡状况分析

为了推广锰矿直接还原技术在转炉内的使用,对转炉终点条件下锰矿的热分解、熔融还原和渣钢间平衡状态进行了分析。利用热力学分析方法讨论了国内外转炉锰矿直接合金化锰的平衡状态。结果表明,在转炉终点时刻,锰矿以MnO形式存在于渣中;锰在渣钢间的平衡主要以铁、锰竞争氧化的形式存在;理论计算锰分配比和实践生产数据有相同的趋势,且计算值大于实践生产数据;高温、高碱度、高w([C])、低w((TFe))可以降低锰分配比;渣量越小,锰收得率越高。此外,讨论了进一步提高转炉锰收得率的控制工艺。     

Decomposition kinetics of titanium slag in sodium hydroxide system

A novel process was proposed for preparing titanium dioxide by the decomposition of titanium slag in sodium hydroxide system under atmospheric pressure. The kinetics on the decomposition of titanium slag was mainly investigated. The results on effect of reaction temperature, particle size and NaOH-to-slag mass ratio on titanium extraction show that the temperature and particle size have significant influence on the titanium extraction. The experimental data of titanium extraction indicate that the shrinking core model with chemical reaction controlled process is most applicable for the decomposition of titanium slag, with the apparent activation energy of 40.8 kJ mol^? 1. Approximately 95–98% of titanium in the titanium slag could be extracted under the optimal reaction conditions. In addition, the content of TiO₂ obtained in the product is up to 99.3%.     

软锰矿协同氧化浸出硫化渣回收锰钴镍工艺研究

以电解二氧化锰过程中硫化除重金属的硫化渣为原料,基于热力学分析结果,以稀硫酸为浸出剂,辅以软锰矿协同氧化浸出硫化渣,以回收其中的锰、钴、镍有价金属。考察了矿渣比、始酸浓度、液固比、反应温度对锰、钴、镍浸出率的影响。结果表明,适宜条件为：温度363.15 K、矿渣比0.08、始酸浓度90 g/L、反应时间180 min,锰、钴、镍的浸出率分别为93.5%、87.4%、86.3%。     

陈化除钼渣处理工艺试验研究

针对某地APT厂堆存的除钼渣的特点,提出采取碱性浸出-硫化沉钼-人造白钨的工艺,提取其中的铜、钼、钨。系统地考察了碱浸工序的工艺参数,确定碱性浸出的最佳条件。结果如下：碱用量为除钼渣的50％,添加剂A用量为除钼渣的5％,液固比L／S=3／1,温度为70℃,时间为3h,钨钼浸出分别为99．12％和98．42％,铜保留率～100％。对浸出液采用硫化沉钼,钼的沉淀率达到98．03％,钨的沉淀率为4．19％。沉钼后液采用人造白钨,钨的沉淀率达98．29％,产品WO,品位达50．10％。     

含砷金矿细菌氧化提金废渣综合回收砷

以细菌氧化提金废渣为原料,对其中所含的砷进行回收。分别考察了碱用量、浸出温度、液固比和浸出时间对砷浸出率的影响及溶液初始pH、钙砷摩尔比和沉淀时间对砷沉淀率的影响。通过单因素条件试验确定了浸砷的较优条件为:氢氧化钠浓度240g/L,反应温度60℃,液固比4∶1,搅拌浸出2h。在最优条件下砷浸出率达到85%。从浸出液中沉砷的较优条件为:溶液初始pH=12.0,钙砷摩尔比2∶1,沉淀时间30min。在优化条件下砷沉淀率达到97%以上。     

碳酸铅物料碱浸试验研究

采用氢氧化钠浸出碳酸铅物料回收铅,试验考察了氢氧化钠浓度、反应温度、时间、液固比对碱浸的影响,确定碱浸的最佳工艺条件：NaOH浓度6 mol/L,液固比10∶1,温度90℃,浸出时间3h。在此条件下,铅的浸出率可达92.77%。     

Kinetics of Silicothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide for Advanced High-Strength Steel Production

The kinetics of silicothermic reduction of manganese oxide from MnO–SiO₂–CaO–Al₂O₃ slags reacting with Fe-Si droplets were studied in the temperature range of 1823 K to 1923 K (1550 °C to 1650 °C). The effects of initial droplet mass, initial droplet silicon content, and initial slag manganese oxide content were studied. Data obtained for 15 pct silicon showed agreement with control by mass transport of MnO in the slag with a mass transfer coefficient (k _s) of 4.0 × 10^?5 m/s at 1873 K (1600 °C). However, when this rate-determining step was tested at different initial silicon contents, the agreement was lost, suggesting mixed control between silicon transport in the metal and manganese oxide transport in the slag. Increasing the temperature resulted in a decrease in the rate of reaction because of an increase in the favorability of SiO as a product. Significant gas generation was found during all experiments, as a result of silicon monoxide production. The ratio of silicon monoxide to silica formation was increased by factors favoring silicon transport over that of manganese, further supporting the conclusion that the reaction is under mixed control by transports of both silicon and manganese oxide.