多孔Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-25Nb钛合金表面活性次级微孔涂层的构建及其成骨诱导性能研究

为提高多孔医用钛合金的生物活性,以实现快速骨整合,首先利用微弧氧化法(MAO)在多孔Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-25Nb(TLM)合金表面制备出含Ca、P的次级微孔涂层,并在此涂层表面通过水热处理生成羟基磷灰石(HA),得到活性次级微孔涂层。采用X射线衍射、电子扫描显微镜和能谱仪分析了活性次级微孔涂层的相组成、微观形貌和元素特征,通过接触角测试实验对比研究了TLM钛合金表面改性前后的亲水性变化,并进一步通过动物实验研究了经表面活性次级微孔层改性后的多孔TLM钛合金的骨整合性能。结果表明,微弧氧化处理可在多孔TLM表面形成规整的含Ca、P相的次级微孔层,水热处理后微孔层的亲水性增强,且具有良好的成骨诱导性能。     

生物医用近β钛合金TLM表面官能化的研究

在新型近β钛合金Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-15Nb(TLM)表面用溶胶-凝胶法镀上一层TiO2薄膜,在500～1000℃热处理后,将薄膜分别用过硫酸钾溶液、双氧水/硫酸混合溶液、双氧水/盐酸混合溶液3种溶液处理以在薄膜表面引入活性OH.研究了3种不同溶液的处理效果以及处理时间对薄膜表面引入OH的影响.检测结果表明,3种溶液处理后均能在薄膜表面引入OH.双氧水和硫酸溶液及双氧水和盐酸溶液处理3 h后OH-密度就可达到峰值,而过硫酸钾溶液处理5 h后OH-浓度才能达到峰值,过硫酸钾溶液处理效果最好,其余两种溶液处理效果基本相同.薄膜表面引入OH-后,对蒸馏水的接触角降低,亲水性更好.     

钛合金发动机阀门

钛合金发动机阀门上有一层由硬质陶瓷或金属化合物弥散于钛中而涂于阀门表面上的硬质涂层。本工艺的特殊之处在于其硬质陶瓷是碳化物、氧化物或氮化物,例如碳化钛、碳化硅、碳化铬或碳化钨。用于阀门的钛合金有Ti-6Al-4V、Ti-6Al-6V-2 Sn、Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo、Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr--6Mo、Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al、Ti-5Al-2.5Sn、Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V、Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al、Ti-8Mo-8V-2Fe-     

显微组织对Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Mo-2Zr-2Cr-Si合金断裂性能的影响

Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Mo-2Zr-2Cr-Si(Ti-62222S)合金是70年代初由RMI钛公司开发的，合金既具有α型合金良好的高温强度和抗蠕变性能又具有α+β型合金高断裂韧性和高强度。可预料将广泛地用作为航空结构材料。     

Ti-17合金的高压水喷射辅助切削及刀具磨损分析

正法国学者Ayed Y等人使用无涂层的WC/Co刀具,分别对是否使用高压水喷射辅助装置(HPWJA)的Ti-17合金(Ti-5Al-2Sn-4Mo-2Zr-4Cr)的机加工能力进行了研究,研究了不同切削速度和喷射压力对刀具磨损以及切削力的影响。首先对不同切削速度进行了测试,确定了最小     

外科植入物用钛合金研究进展和标准化现状

介绍了外科植入物用钛的研究：（1）纯钛，Ti-6Al-4V合金；（2）Ti-6Al-7Nb合金；（3）新型β钛合金（Ti-13Nb-13Zr,Ti-12Mo-6Zr-2Fe,Ti-15Mo-2.8Nb-0.2Si合金）；（4）Ti-Ni合金，概述了其研究进展，这些合金的性能特点，应用和标准化现状。     

非晶SiO_2涂层的制备及其对Ti-22Al-26Nb合金的高温防护

:以商业硅胶为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法在Ti-22Al-26Nb合金表面浸涂制备非晶氧化硅涂层.涂层样品和空白样品在800和900 ℃静态空气中进行等温氧化实验,900 ℃静态空气中进行循环氧化实验.采用热重分析(TGA)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对结果进行分析,研究涂层对Ti-22Al-26Nb合金氧化行为的影响.结果表明:涂层样品的氧化抛物线速率常数较空白样品降低,涂层提高了合金在空气中的抗氧化能力.合金表面生成氧化膜主要由TiO2,Nb2TiO7和AlNbO4组成,涂层抑制了氧化物的生长.探讨了涂层的作用机制.     

工业钛合金马氏体中的孪晶

(一)实验 实验用料均为直径20mm的热轧棒材,其中BT3-l(Ti-6.0A1-2.5Mo-1.5Cr-O.5Fe-0.3Si)合金在1000℃、加热1h、水淬;Ti-679(Ti 11Sn-5Zr-2.25AI-1Mo-0.25Si)合金在1200℃加热1h、水淬;TC4(Ti-6A1-4V)合金在1020℃、加热30min     

Nb-Ti-Al合金及其硅化物涂层的高温氧化行为

采用电子束和真空自耗电弧熔炼法制备Nb-40Ti-7Al(质量分数,%)合金,利用料浆熔烧法在合金表面制备Si-Cr-Ti涂层,研究在1 400℃下合金与涂层的氧化行为。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)及电子探针微区分析(EPMA)研究基体与涂层氧化前后的组织形貌变化及成分分布。结果表明:Nb-40Ti-7Al合金在1 400℃氧化1～11 h后,氧化产物均主要为TiNb2O7、TiO2、Al2O3;氧化前,涂层主要由(Nb,Ti,Cr,Al)Si2主体层与(Ti,Nb,Al)5Si3过渡层组成,高温氧化后涂层表面形成含有Al2O3、TiO2的SiO2阻挡层;合金与涂层的氧化行为均遵循抛物线规律,合金在1 400℃氧化11 h的单位面积质量增量为161.98 mg/cm2,而涂覆涂层后单位面积质量增量降至9.56 mg/cm2,表明Si-Cr-Ti涂层具备良好的高温抗氧化性能。     

Ti-10Mo-28Nb-3Zr-6Ta合金表面纳米氧化管的构建及生长机理分析

在Ti-10Mo-28Nb-3Zr-6Ta合金表面构建结构致密的纳米氧化管,同时探究纳米氧化管的生长机理。采用阳极氧化法,在含有1 mol/L H_3PO_4溶液和0.9%NaF的混合溶液中,在25 V的直流电压下,氧化处理120 min,在Ti-10Mo-28Nb-3Zr-6Ta合金表面原位生成纳米氧化管;使用XRD对纳米氧化管的物相进行分析,进而得到纳米氧化管的成分;使用SEM对纳米氧化管的结构、形貌进行分析;采用HRTEM和EDS等对合金表面的纳米氧化管进行观测进而得出纳米氧化管的生长机理。研究表明:在Ti-10Mo-28Nb-3Zr-6Ta合金表面构建的纳米氧化管孔径为50～70 nm,管壁厚度约为15 nm,氧化管长度为100 nm,纳米管由非晶态的钛氧化物及锐钛矿型二氧化钛纳米晶组成。合金表面纳米氧化管的生长机理为:阳极氧化过程开始时,首先会在合金表面生成一层非晶态的钛的氧化层,而后在氧化电压和电解液作用下,在非晶态钛氧化层之上生成非晶态的纳米管。高温处理后,部分非晶态结构纳米管转化为锐钛矿型二氧化钛纳米晶粒。     

Ti90及其优化合金的组织与力学性能研究

Ti90合金是我国自主研发的一种新型近α型钛合金,具有高比强度、高韧性、耐蚀和加工性能好等优点。本课题组前期对Ti90合金进行了成分优化,得到一种名义成分为Ti-5. 5Al-4. 0Zr-1. 0Sn-0. 3Mo-1. 0Nb的优化合金。利用X射线衍射仪、金相显微镜、电子探针显微分析仪、电子万能试验机和电化学工作站等检测仪器,对Ti90及其优化合金的组织与力学性能进行对比分析。结果表明,优化合金组织为带有网篮特征的魏氏组织,原始β晶界和α集束清晰可见,有少量残留β相分布于α片层之间。与Ti90合金相比,优化合金的压缩屈服强度与断裂韧性得到了显著的提高,极限应变量有所增加,电化学腐蚀性能较好。     

Low-cycle dwell-time fatigue in Ti-6242

Ambient-temperature, low-cycle dwell-time and conventional low-cycle fatigue tests were performed on Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si (Ti-6242). Specimens were solution annealed at various temperatures below the beta transus to control the volume fraction of primary alpha phase and were subsequently shot-peened. The influence of the changes in primary alpha phase on the low-cycle dwell-time fatigue life (LCDF) were determined and compared to the conventional low-cycle fatigue (LCF) properties of the alloy. A 120-second dwell significantly decreased the number of cycles to failure, although the factor decrease of LCF from a dwell, in general, diminished with decreasing stress. The Increasing primary alpha phase associated with lower solution temperatures appears to increase susceptibility to low-cycle dwell-time fatigue. It also appears that the susceptibility to dwell fatigue may be associated with ambient-temperature, time-dependent, cyclic (creep) plasticity.     

不同元素掺杂对氯离子在TiO_2膜扩散的影响研究

通过过渡态计算软件CINEB模拟了不同元素掺杂到金红石型TiO_2膜后,氯离子在TiO_2膜的扩散路径和对扩散势垒的影响。结果表明,TiO_2膜中扩散路径A具有更大的孔洞,钛和氯离子吸附性较弱,使氯离子扩散势垒较小,因此氯离子在路径A中更容易扩散。Al元素掺杂后铝原子失去电子转移到邻近的氧,氯离子和氧离子间存在较强的排斥作用,导致晶体结构畸变,有效阻碍氯离子扩散,提高耐腐蚀性能。Mo元素掺杂后,Mo的3d轨道与Cl的2p轨道有较强的杂化作用,Mo和Cl之间有较强吸附作用,使得氯离子很难脱离,因此提高材料的耐蚀性。Al、Zr、Mo、Nb的扩散势垒较高,对提高钛合金的耐腐蚀性能有显著作用。通过实验验证了Ti-5.5Al-3.0Zr-2.0Sn-0.8Mo-1.5Nb合金的自腐蚀电流最小,耐腐蚀性能最好,与计算结果一致。     

Direct Laser Fabrication of Ti-25V-15Cr-2Al-0.2C (wt?pct) Burn-Resistant Titanium Alloy

Direct laser fabrication has been used to deposit multilayers of burn-resistant titanium alloy onto the surface of Ti697 (Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2.25Al-0.25Si) alloy by feeding Ti-25V-15Cr-2Al-0.2C (wt pct) powder into the laser molten pool. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the deposited layers have been studied to identify the importance of laser conditions on properties/microstructure. The observations are discussed in terms of the optimum laser conditions and thus the potential of using BuRTi (Ti-25V-15Cr-2Al-0.2C) to tip blades of high-temperature titanium alloys to provide burn resistance.     

内燃机用粉末烧结Ti-21.5Nb合金组织与力学性能研究

采用放电等离子烧结技术制备内燃机用Ti-21.5Nb-2Zr-1.2Mo-0.1Y钛合金材料(Ti-21.5Nb), 并对其进行固溶和时效处理, 通过扫描电子显微镜、金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、万能拉伸测试仪等设备分析试样的微观形貌、组织结构、物相组成以及力学性能。结果表明: 采用等离子旋转电极法制备的预合金球形粉末相对密度较高, 并且未形成孔洞; 烧结试样和固溶试样都是由β相与α相组成, 放电等离子烧结Ti-21.5Nb合金和常规铸锭合金具有相同的相结构变化规律; 合金烧结组织由β等轴晶和一些小尺寸α相构成, 其中β等轴晶的粒径介于30~80μm; 在800 ℃下对烧结试样进行固溶时效处理, 得到的固溶组织主要是由β相构成, 同时在β相中还生成了椭球形α弥散组织; 在500 ℃下对Ti-21.5Nb固溶试样进行时效处理, 在合金基体中析出ω相, 而原先的α相全部消失; 在380 ℃时效处理时, 组织中只存在α相, ω相完全消失; 在800 ℃对Ti-21.5Nb合金进行固溶时效处理可以获得力学性能更优的钛合金材料。     

医用近β型TLM合金的超亲水表面改性

医用近β型钛合金TLM(Ti - 25Nb - 3Zr - 2Sn - 3Mo)具有优良的力学和生物学性能.TLM合金经过NaOH溶液处理后表面形成了钛(铌)酸钠凝胶层,再经过稀HCl浸泡后转化为氧化钛(铌)凝胶层.经过2.5 mol/L NaOH(12 h)-HCl处理的TLM合金表面形成了纳米多孔凝胶层,15 mi...     

The effect of deformation-induced transformation on the fracture toughness of commercial titanium alloys

The effect of deformation-induced transformation of metastableβ phase on the ductility and toughness of four commercial titanium alloys was investigated. Tensile tests, Charpy impact tests, and both static and dynamic fracture toughness tests were carried out at temperatures between 77 and 473 K on four titanium alloys containing metastableβ phase. Deformation-inducedα″ (orthorhombic martensite) was observed in an (α + β)-type Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo alloy. The dynamic fracture toughness of this alloy increased considerably at 223 K compared to those at other temperatures. In another (α + β)-type Ti-6A1-4V alloy, the static fracture toughness at 123 K and the dynamic fracture toughness at 223 K were increased considerably by the presence of deformation-induced martensite compared to those at other temperatures. The strength increased as the temperature decreased in this alloy. An abnormal elongation of aβ-type alloy, Ti-15V-3Al-3Sn-3Cr, at 123 K was attributed to the mechanical twinning of theβ phase. However, the effect of deformation-induced transformation on the fracture toughness of Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr alloy was not observed. Formerly Visiting Associate Professor, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA. Formerly with the Department of Production Systems Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology.     

Effect of α phase on fatigue crack growth of Ti-6242 alloy

Fatigue crack growth as a function ofαphase volume fraction in Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo(Ti-6242)alloy was investigated using fatigue testing,optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and transmission electron microscopy.Theα+βannealing treatments with different solid solution temperatures and cooling rates were conducted in order to tailor microstructure with differentαphase features in the Ti-6242 alloy,and fatigue crack growth mechanism was discussed after detailed microstructure characterization.The results showed that fatigue crack growth rate of Ti-6242 alloy decreased with the decrease in volume fraction of the primaryαphase(αp).Samples with a large-sizedαgrain microstructure treated at high solid solution temperature and slow cooling rate have lower fatigue crack growth rate.The appearance of secondaryαphase(αs)with the increase of solid solution temperature led to crack deflection.Moreover,a fatigue crack growth transition phenomenon was observed in the Paris regime of Ti-6242 alloy with 29.8% αp(typical bi-modal microstructure)and large-sizedαgrain microstructure,owing to the change of fatigue crack growth mechanism.