Fex-C1-x/Si颗粒膜的巨磁电阻效应

利用激光脉冲沉积（PLD）方法制备了沉积于硅基片上的掺杂过渡金属的非晶碳膜结构Fex-C1-x/Si。Fex-C1-x/Si的磁电阻（MR）可正可负，随温度而变化。当温度T〈258K时，Fe0．011-C0.989／Si的MR为负值；当258K〈T〈340K时，该材料的MR为正值，在室温磁场为1T时，该材料的正MR可以大于20％。且在不同的温度范围中，该材料的MR和外加磁场的依存关系呈现出不同的特点：在T=280和300K时，当磁场小于1T时，MR随磁场的增加而快速增加，之后随磁场的继续增加MR增加开始变得缓慢；在T=350K时，MR近似以磁场的B^1.5。的规律变化；而在T=30K时，MR为负值且其大小随磁场的增加而减小。利用双通道模型对该MR效应进行了初步解释。     

无限深球方势阱中单粒子量子比特的性质

本文利用求解能量本征方程方法,研究了无限深球方势阱中单粒子的能级结构和量子比特的性质.理论推导和数值计算表明,无限深球方势阱中粒子的能量随球半径的增大而减小;量子比特的振荡周期由粒子质量和球半径决定,且随球半径的增大而增大;量子比特内粒子的概率密度随空间坐标的变化而变化,各空间点的概率密度均随时间做周期性振荡.     

溶质钒原子与铁的[100](001)位错的相互作用

采用改进分析型EAM模型（MAEAM）研究了溶质钒与铁的[100]（001）位错的相互作用.对铁的[100]（001）位错及掺杂结构用分子动力学方法进行了弛豫.计算了钒在这些掺杂格点上的能量,以及溶质钒与铁的[100]（001）位错缺陷系统的能量,发现在位错芯区域钒的格点能高,随着钒与位错芯之间距离的增加,其格点能降低;溶质钒替代拉伸区位错芯位置的铁原子时,钒与位错的相互作用能最强,缺陷系统的能量最低、结构最稳定.     

准一维量子线中电子的传导性

一条理想的量子线同一条无序量子线耦合在一起,理想链中能量为E的电子波函数,能被无序链中某些格点能量Vn,2在电子能量E附近的格点强烈散射.在Vn,2=E格点,能量为E的电子波函数能发生全反射,也就是"反共振效应",在无序度W较大时,随着W的增大,无序链中能够强烈影响周期链的格点数减少,这使得周期链中电子的局域长度增大,与数值计算结果一致.     

Fe—Zr—B非晶薄膜制备与性能研究

本文研究了采用直流磁控溅射法制备的Fe-Zr-B非晶薄膜，用X－射线衍射， 透射电子显微镜（TEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）研究了薄膜的结构。X射线光电子能谱（XPS）结果表明样品表面氧化比较明显，深层部分Fe，Zr，B结合占主导地位。用振动样品磁场计测量了薄膜的磁性能，并与用化学还原法制备的非晶Fe-Zr-B超细粉做了比较。     

自旋极化对量子点系统电导的影响

从自旋非简并Anderson模型出发,研究局域电子自旋能级分裂对系统电导的影响.由于局域电子自旋极化会破坏近藤类型的电子强关联,在非关联近似下,通过求解量子点的Green函数并以自旋能级劈裂为小参数将Green函数展开,利用Landauer公式推导出电导变化与局域自旋能级劈裂的关系.     

熔融织构超导样品的交流磁化率特性

在外磁场Ｈ∥Ｃ的情况下，用交流磁化率方法对熔融织构样品ＧＢＣＯ进行了研究。当外加磁场较低（０～５×１０￣（－２）Ｔ）时，得到不同磁场下ＧＢＣＯ的交流磁化率实部与虚部随温度变化的系列曲线，并从虚部曲线中取出不同磁场时的峰值温度Ｔ＿ｍ（Ｈ），与各自零外场时的Ｔ＿ｍ（Ｏ）约化为ｔ＝Ｔ＿ｍ（Ｈ）／Ｔ＿ｍ（Ｏ），再作于ｔ－Ｈ平面上。发现ＧＢＣＯ的ｔ与Ｈ之间可用线性关系进行近似拟合，在较高的外加磁场（０～７Ｔ）下同样在ｔ－Ｈ平面内作出了ＧＢＣＯ的ｔ－Ｈ曲线，可用指数关系ｔ＝ＡＨ￣ｎ（ｎ＝２／３）进行拟合，类似于不可逆线行为。并对Ｔ＿ｍ－Ｈ曲线的行为及代表的意义作了讨论。     

平行电极表面磁场对电沉积钴-镍镀层的影响

在硫酸盐体系中电沉积钴-镍合金, 采用X射线能谱分析和扫描电镜研究pH值、阴极电流密度以及外加平行于阴极表面磁场对镀层组成、表面形貌的影响. 发现增大电流密度或者pH, 钴-镍合金的沉积速率增大、所得镀层中的钴含量减少, 镀层表面的晶粒粒径增大. 外加平行于电极表面的磁场可以略微提高沉积速率和电流效率以及使所得镀层表面均匀, 晶粒细小. 采用X射线衍射研究在镀液pH 3.0下阴极电流密度和外加磁场对所得镀层结构的影响. 结果表明, 电沉积钴-镍合金镀层呈六方密堆积（hcp）的（100）和（110）晶面择优取向;外加平行于电极表面的磁场可以促进（110）晶面择优生长和抑制（002）晶面择优生长.     

结晶场对 FeB 型稀土化合物磁结构的影响

为了证实结晶电位对 FeB 型稀土化合物的非同线磁结构的稳定性所起的作用,注意研究(Gd_(0.5)Y_(0.5))Ni 化合物(稀土轨矩为零)的磁性能。GdNi 结晶形成斜方晶系 CrB 型结晶结构;但当较小的 Y 原子代替50%的 Gd 原子时,FeB 型结构稳定。缓缓冷却熔融合金制成单晶。由火花切割将所得单晶切割成3mm 直径球。在4.2K 所研究的晶体呈现强的自发磁化强度和弱的叠加磁化率。在1.5K 当应用的磁场达10KOe,磁化     

一维卷积神经网络特征提取下微震能级时序预测

微震能级随时间发生变化,高能级微震事件与冲击地压有良好的对应关系,为预测矿山微震能量时序变化,基于一维卷积神经网络（Convolutional neural networks,CNN）,建立微震能级时间序列预测模型;通过模型训练,实现以前十次微震事件的能量级别作为输入来预测下一次微震事件的能量级别。由于微震样本数据类间不平衡问题,导致模型测试时将106能量级别的微震事件全部判断为105能量级别的微震事件,为进一步提高模型对106能级微震事件预测的准确率,对模型进行改进并使用混合采样方法训练改进后的模型;利用砚北煤矿250202工作面微震能级实测部分数据,改进后模型的总体测试正确率达到98.4%,其中106能量级别的微震事件测试正确率提升到99%。将模型应用于砚北煤矿250202工作面进行微震能级时序预测,模型的预测正确率整体达到93.5%,且对高能级微震事件的预测正确率接近100%。      

采用合同能源管理模式实施节能项目的实践与探讨

介绍了合同能源管理模式的特点和合作机制,提出了采用该模式实施节能项目应注意的问题。合同能源管理是一新型的市场化节能机制,是一种全新的节能模式。其最大特点是节能项目投资全部由节能服务公司负责,项目投资盈利由节能服务公司和企业按一定比例分享。     

太阳能选择性吸收涂层的研究进展

太阳能是一种取之不尽用之不竭的清洁能源,通过高吸收率的太阳能选择性吸收涂层对可见光的吸收,能够把低品位的太阳能转换成高品位的热能.因此,制备高效的太阳能选择性吸收涂层是太阳能热利用中的关键技术.该文作者对目前国内外有关太阳能选择性吸收涂层的研究工作和最新进展进行介绍,综述目前国内外研究较多的几类选择性涂层,并总结了各种涂层的制备方法及其优缺点,希望为制备高吸收率太阳能选择性吸收涂层的研究提供有益的参考.     

节能服务公司在宝钢的应用

能源供应紧张和环境容量限制的双重负荷将成为宝钢新一轮战略目标实现的关键瓶颈之一.通过率先建立大型节能服务公司,采用合同能源管理的模式,开展相应的节能服务,能有效助推宝钢提高能源利用效率,减少有害气体排放,缓解能源和环境压力.     

Energy Equation for Volatile Liquid Transport in Porous Media

Two energy balance equations widely used to describe simultaneous transfer of heat and mass in porous media are inconsistent with control volume energy conservation. Potential energy, enthalpy, and internal energy terms are involved in the discrepancies. Energy within a volume is properly counted as the sum of internal, potential, and kinetic energy. However, one equation uses enthalpy where internal energy should have been used. In the other, potential energy and shifts in internal energy associated with heat of wetting are not included. Energy conservation for a control volume dictates summing convective fluxes of internal, potential, and kinetic energy at the control volume surface along with conducted heat and work crossing the boundary. The pressure–volume (pv) work at the volume surface may be combined with internal energy convection so that flow of enthalpy is used in the flux term. Examples of energy change versus work input in adiabatic processes illustrate the error introduced when enthalpy rather than internal energy is used to compute control volume energy content. For porous media flows kinetic energy can be dropped. A consistent equation based on the control volume approach is presented. It includes effects due to internal energy, potential energy, heat of wetting, conducted heat, non-pv work, enthalpy, and mass flow. Substantial temperature changes due to heat of wetting have been found experimentally in a separate work. A comparison is needed of the experiments and a numerical simulation based on the new equation.     

Uncoupling of Potential Energy in Nonlinear Seismic Analysis of Framed Structures

A computational analysis method is presented to investigate the potential energy of fully nonlinear framed structures and other energy characteristics due to earthquake ground motions. The overall potential energy is directly related to the stiffness of the structure, and it consists of three components in a fully nonlinear system: (1) strain energy representing the storing energy that is associated with the linear elastic portion of the structural response; (2) higher-order energy representing the energy associated with the geometric nonlinear effect of the overall structural response, which is derived from finite element method; and (3) plastic energy representing the energy dissipated by material inelasticity of the structure, and it is being derived analytically. The merit of proposed analysis method lies in the uncoupling of geometric nonlinearity and material inelasticity effects before solving for the equation of motion, and this leads directly to the analytical representations of each energy form. Both plastic energy and higher-order energy based on single-degree-of-freedom system are studied in detail to demonstrate the beauty of the proposed analysis method. In addition, a method of generating energy density spectra is also proposed, which is useful to enhance the understanding energy characteristics in seismic analysis. Finally, a five-story frame is used as a numerical example to illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.     

Seismic Energy Dissipation of Inelastic Structures with Tuned Mass Dampers

The energy transfer process of using a tuned mass damper (TMD) in improving the ability of inelastic structures to dissipate earthquake input energy is investigated. Inelastic structural behavior is modeled by using the force analogy method, which is the backbone of analytically characterizing the plastic energy dissipation in the structure. Numerical simulations are performed to study the energy responses of structures with and without TMD installed. The effectiveness of TMD in reducing energy responses is also studied by using plastic energy spectra for various structural yielding levels. Results show that the use of TMD enhances the ability of the structures to store larger amounts of energy inside the TMD that will be released at a later time in the form of damping energy when the response is not at a critical state, thereby increasing the damping energy dissipation while reducing the plastic energy dissipation. This reduction of plastic energy dissipation relates directly to the reduction of damage in the structure, and TMD is therefore concluded to be quite effective in protecting structures from suffering major damage during an earthquake. However, storing energy in the TMD is restricted if the structure becomes plastic at a small displacement level. In this case, the effectiveness of TMD diminishes, and the structural response becomes practically the same as those without TMD installed.     

Surgical repair of chronic complete hamstring tendon rupture in the adult patient

This theoretical analysis shows that the experimentally observed standard Gibbs free energy of binding of a ligand by a receptor can be described by two terms. One term describes the free energy of binding of the drug to the receptor when both are in their lowest energy conformation. The second term gives the difference between the average and the lowest conformational energy of the two species involved. It also follows that all drug molecules having an energy higher than the minimum energy, must have a higher affinity than molecules occurring in the minimum energy conformation, independent of the energy level of the receptor bound conformation.     

不断推进循环经济产业链条建设持续提高资源综合利用效率

随着经济的不断发展,不可再生资源的逐渐减少和经济社会的高速发展矛盾日益突出。为有效地开发利用资源,切实贯彻“最低消耗,最大效益”原则,国家和企业对能源的综合利用,降低单位能耗指标有了新的认识,在大力优化能源结构、推进能源科技进步、加强能源合作、改进能源行业管理方面做出了不懈努力。目前,“十二五”能源规划编制在即,能源的有效利用即将跨入一个新的台阶,以能源的可持续发展促进经济社会的可持续发展已经成为国家和企业新的发展模式和发展理念。     

韶钢焦化工艺能源利用模型开发与能流优化分析

介绍了焦化工艺能源利用模型开发情况与能流结构优化分析.为了能够全面掌握焦化生产过程能量利用的情况,通过建立数学模型与开发分析软件计算焦化生产的物料、能量和的平衡,尤其是通过通过平衡计算,了解工艺过程或设备中能量品味的变化过程,并从能量品味的变化过程角度,评价能量的利用价值,研究改善工艺过程或设备热量利用从而降低能耗的途径,分析工序的新的节能潜力与方向,并结合工艺装备实际,研究分析节能技术方案,为焦化工艺的节能改造提供依据.     

Earthquake Response and Energy Evaluation of Inelastic Structures

A computational method is derived to characterize the energy in inelastic structures and the transfer among various energy forms over the duration of an earthquake. This computational method is based on the force analogy method, which uses a change in displacement field to represent the inelastic behavior of structure instead of the traditional method of changing stiffness. The evaluation of plastic energy due to inelastic deformation in the structure becomes very simple using the force analogy method, where the accumulation of plastic energy due to plastic rotations is exactly equal to the elastic moment multiplied by the change in plastic rotations. In addition, this plastic energy formula can be used for any material with predefined stress–strain relationship, and therefore the transfer of energy among various forms can be calculated at any specific time. Once the energy equation is derived, numerical analyses are performed on a single degree of freedom system to study the characteristics of energy transfer. This is then extended to study the transfer of energy among various forms in a multidegree of freedom system. These two studies show that the analytically derived equation for plastic energy is accurate in studying the structural energy response due to earthquake excitations.