高炉炉料结构优化研究

根据邯钢高炉冶炼的原料条件,对高炉原料的还原粉化性能、还原性能、热爆裂性能、膨胀性能及高温熔滴等冶金性能进行了试验研究。在此基础上,针对入炉综合炉料进行了多组高温熔滴性能试验,调整人炉原料的不同配加比例,掌握其高温性能的优劣,并据此优化原料结构、指导生产。     

中碳微合金非调质钢涨断连杆的开发

为提高发动机连杆性能,用中碳微合金非调质钢36MnVS4试制了发动机连杆,并对试制连杆的性能进行了检测。结果表明,试制的36MnVS4连杆的化学成分、显微组织、力学性能、疲劳性能、台架耐久性能和道路试验性能等性能不仅满足技术要求,且比高碳微合金非调质钢C70S6连杆的性能优异,可代替C70S6生产连杆,提高连杆性能。     

金属材料性能的原位三点弯曲测定方法及测试结果分析

为解决传统金属材料性能的原位三点弯曲测定误差大的问题,设计金属材料性能的原位三点弯曲测定方法。通过提取金属材料性能的原位三点弯曲多源信息,模拟金属材料性能的原位三点弯曲荷载状态,建立金属材料性能的原位三点弯曲应力应变关系,基于有限元分析测定金属材料性能原位三点弯曲。分析金属材料性能的原位三点弯曲测试结果表明,设计测定方法金属材料性能的原位三点弯曲测定结果与实际相比误差明显低于对照组。     

块矿对高炉炉料冶金性能的影响

通过研究高炉炉料的还原性、低温还原粉化性能和软熔滴落性能,探讨了巴西块矿对高炉炉料冶金性能的影响。结果表明:混合炉料中巴西块矿配比从5%增加到20%,炉料的低温还原粉化性能变差,但还原性能和软熔滴落性能得到改善,还原度指数增加了3.86%,滴落温度升高了40℃;当巴西块矿配比为10%时,软熔滴落性能达到最优,此时炉料的反应性指数最大。同时研究了单种炉料与混合炉料冶金性能的关系,2种炉料的还原性能和低温还原粉化性能具有叠加性,软熔滴落性能不具有叠加性,可通过反应性指数来判断炉料软熔滴落性能的改善情况。     

改善铁精矿成球性能的研究

 针对目前国内铁精矿成球性能普遍较差的问题,研究了10种铁精矿的成球性能和改善铁精矿成球性能的主要措施。单一铁精矿成球性能试验结果表明：10种铁精矿的成球性能差异明显。改善铁精矿的成球性能研究表明,通过优化铁精矿原料结构、对铁精矿进行预处理、改善铁精矿粒度组成以及合理选择膨润土的种类和用量等措施能降低造球过程中膨润土用量,提高生球质量,显著改善铁精矿的成球性能。     

汽车用自润滑合金化板的综合应用性能

对自润滑合金化板及普通合金化板的成形性能、焊接性能、化成性能、电泳涂装性能和耐蚀性能等应用性能进行了对比研究.结果表明:相比普通合金化板,自润滑合金化板的成形性能显著提高,钢板表面动摩擦因数由0.16降低到0.12是导致成形性能提高的主要原因;自润滑合金化板的焊接性能、化成性能及涂装性能与普通合金化板均在同等水平,耐蚀性能相比普通合金化板得到进一步提高.自润滑合金化板的综合应用性能优良,对当前汽车厂的生产工艺具有完全适应性,可随时切换而无需变更生产工艺.     

特殊冶金设备性能研究的方法

本文提出了设备潜性能的概念,认为设计性能是设备保证工艺的外部条件,而潜性能是设备干扰工艺的内部原因。因此开展潜性能的研究,是改善特殊冶金设备性能的途径之一。     

高性能铜合金带在汽车连接器中的应用

概述了设计汽车连接器时对铜及铜合金带的性能要求。介绍了几种典型铜及铜合金带的弯曲性能、抗高温软化性能、抗应力松弛性能和抗疲劳性能。给出了在设计汽车连接器选用铜及铜合金带阶段,适合汽车连接器各项性能要求的建议高性能铜合金。     

本钢保险柜用BG600BC热轧卷板生产实践

介绍了本钢保险柜用BG600BC热轧高强度钢板的成分设计、冶炼和轧制工艺及产品性能。表明BG600BC热轧高强度钢板除强度大幅度提高外,同时又具有良好的延伸性能、冷弯性能、焊接性能和抗冲击性能,是保险柜用钢的首选用材。     

热处理炉炉顶快速修补料的研制与应用

通过对热处理炉炉顶破损与修补困难的原因分析,确定了修补料的技术性能要求,研制了抗热震性能、防爆性能与凝固性能优良的修补料。通过实际应用,取得了优良的应用效果。     

Slab-on-Grade versus Framed Slab

This paper presents comprehensive and practical engineering review (not mathematics or computer science paper) of the observed behavior of the two types of slabs that have been used for the bottom floor slabs, at grade and underground, of buildings in the United States and overseas. The typical design of the slab-on-grade (SOG) built in the United States is described. The design requires only nominal reinforcing steel, but modern day design also requires ground preparation and improvement as necessary, including underslab perforated drainage pipe network embedded in the granular subbase, riser pipes, and a series of pumps. Sealing at all slab isolation joints and waterproofing membrane or water barrier system are provided for water tightness. The framed slab is supported directly on the building framing and on the building foundation. The design can accommodate the soil and underground water pressure and in itself is watertight as the slab is cast monolithically with the structural walls and footings. The behavior of the SOG depends so much on the behavior (soil properties) of the soil strata on which the slab is resting on. It is sensitive to the variation of the soil conditions at and around building foundations, leading to uneven bumpy and cracked slab and leaking basement. These were demonstrated in the report of short- and long-term performances of various projects in Thailand and United States in the past 25 years. The paper refers to various analysis and design techniques that may be used to improve the design of both the SOG and the framed slab for serviceability and economy. It is concluded that both types of slabs may be selected to suit the functions and serviceability requirements of the buildings. The SOG requires less concrete and reinforcement than those for the framed slab counterpart, but when all other factors are considered including additional underslab drainage and pump system, operating, and long-term performance and maintenance, the overall costs of both slabs may not be far apart, yet the performance and integrity of the framed slab will certainly be superior.     

现场总线控制系统的集成技术

FCS和DCS的集成技术包括现场总线和DCS输入输出总线的集成、现场总线和DCS网络的集成、FCS和DCS的集成。FCS和网络的集成技术包括FCS和企业网络的集成、FCS和互联网络的集成。FCS和现场总互的集成技术包括各个现场总线之间提供转换接口、每个现场总线提供标准的OPC接口。     

Static and Dynamic Data Reconciliation for an Irrigation Canal

This paper deals with the problem of fault detection and isolation in irrigation canals. We have developed a method which combines static and dynamic data reconciliation for the validation of measurements, detection, and isolation of sensors and actuator faults and reconstruction of missing data. Static data reconciliation uses static models at a regulation gate to validate measurements and detect sensor and actuator faults. It also enabled us to detect a drift in the stage discharge rating curve. The dynamic data reconciliation uses additional measurements and a dynamic model of the canal in order to validate measurements and detect faults and withdrawals. The combination of the two methods allowed us to distinguish between withdrawals and faults. Both methods are evaluated on measurements from a real irrigation canal located in the South of France.     

A duplex theory of hate: Development and application to terrorism, massacres, and genocide.

This article presents a triangular theory of the structure of hate and a story-based theory of the development of triangles of hate. Hate is proposed to be 1 contributing cause of many, although certainly not all, massacres and genocides. The article describes why the problem of terrorism, massacres, and genocide is of critical importance to psychology; reviews theories of the instigation of massacres and genocides; and then presents the duplex theory. The role of propaganda and other instigating factors is discussed. The benefits and limitations of the proposed duplex theory of hate are reviewed. Possible remedies for hate also are delineated. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Coupled Large Strain Consolidation and Solute Transport. I: Model Development

The development of a numerical model, CST1, for coupled large strain consolidation and solute transport in saturated porous media is presented. The consolidation algorithm is one-dimensional and includes the capabilities of a previous code, CS2, with the addition of time-dependent loading, unload/reload effects, and an externally-applied hydraulic gradient. The solute transport algorithm is two-dimensional and accounts for advection, longitudinal and transverse dispersion, first-order decay reactions, and linear equilibrium sorption. Solute transport is consistent with temporal and spatial variations of porosity and seepage velocity in the consolidating layer. The key to the transport model is the definition of two Lagrangian fields of elements that follow the motions of fluid and solid phases separately. This reduces numerical dispersion and simplifies transport calculations to that of dispersion mass flow between contiguous fluid elements. The effect of relative numerical resolution of fluid and solid elements on the accuracy of sorption/desorption is also discussed. This paper presents the theoretical and numerical development of the CST1 model. A companion paper presents verification checks of CST1 and the results of simulations that illustrate the significance of consolidation-induced solute transport for some interesting numeric examples.     

From the editors.

Introduces the articles appearing in this issue of Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts. Of particular interest in this issue are the breadth and the rigor of the methodology that underlie the substantive and theoretical issues addressed in the work. The issue begins with an article from Dean Keith Simonton, who looks at the idea of what success in film is and how different indicators of success (critical, box office, etc.) are related to one another over the life of a film. Paul Silvia, James C. Kaufman, and Jean Pretz then address the question of the domain specificity of creativity. The third article shifts to the field of music and looks at the relationship between personality characteristics and how people use music in their lives. The next article reports the results of an experimental design that looked at recognition of objects in cubist paintings and pupil dilation after having made a classification of an object. The next article looks at differences in the motivations and personality characteristics of individuals who visit modern art museums versus ancient art museums. Next, Patricia Stokes uses the problem-solving approaches of Reitman and Simon in a case study examining the sculpture of Richard Serra. The issue concludes with an analysis of the idea of “lived experience” as it relates to the psychology of aesthetics and art making. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

在线燃烧-离子色谱法测定钢渣中氟和氯

钢渣是混凝土重要组分,其中的氟和氯对混凝土安全有较大影响。实验采用在线燃烧-离子色谱法检测钢渣中氟和氯。取70~90 mg试样在1 100 ℃高温下裂解处理后,氟和氯转化为气体形式被10 mL 15 mmol/L氢氧化钠溶液吸收,最终采用离子色谱法测定吸收液中氟和氯。结果表明:氟和氯质量浓度为0~10 mg/L时与其峰面积呈线性,校准曲线的线性相关系数r均大于0.999。方法中氟和氯的检出限分别为0.014 9和0.037 3 mg/kg。按照实验方法测定钢渣中氟和氯,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)均小于3.0%,回收率为95%~98%。方法可为钢渣及其他固废类提供技术支持,有效解决钢渣等固废中氟和氯含量操作复杂、重复性差等问题,可用于测定钢渣等固废中氟和氯。     

Deterioration of Terrazzo

Terrazzo installation is often perceived as an art, left to individual contractors and craftsmen to implement tried-and-true application and repair methods. In this context, architects and engineers often relegate themselves to a minimal supervisory role during construction and planning. The writers have found several recurring instances of terrazzo cracking problems during construction as well as deterioration that could be prevented or minimized with attention to the responsibilities of all parties to communicate throughout the design process. Causes are often related to shrinkage of terrazzo, concentrated stresses attributable to configuration of divider strips, and impact loads. To objectively minimize deterioration rates of terrazzo, an experimental program was initiated to evaluate performance. Testing consisted of compressive strength and linear shrinkage tests on cementitious terrazzo under varying curing conditions and a durability test that applied a cyclic gravity wheel load to gaps at the edge of terrazzo tiles. The latter test used metal wheels and considered parameters of material type, gap size between terrazzo edge and adjacent steel plate, wheel diameter, vertical offset of tile, and vertical load being applied. Results indicated that proper curing of cementitious terrazzo is critical to achieving compressive strength and minimizing early shrinkage. For the durability test performed, epoxy terrazzo exhibited significantly less deterioration. Durability of terrazzo is affected primarily by gap size, upward vertical offset, and weight applied. Small wheel size and direction of loading can also contribute to deterioration. It is important that architects, engineers, and contractors understand methods that ensure material properties, minimize stress concentrations, and use appropriate divider strip spacing to minimize deterioration attributable to cracking and impact load. These steps will ensure the visual appearance and durability expected by the project team.     

智能化钢铁制造流程信息物理系统的设计研究

 现代钢铁制造流程是集成烧结、球团、焦化、炼铁、炼钢和轧钢等多工序过程的耗散结构体系。钢铁制造流程是在物质流、能量流和信息流协同运行的条件下,完成一系列复杂的冶金过程和转变。探讨了对钢铁制造过程物理本质以及运行特征的认识和研究,提出了现代钢铁制造流程物理系统的设计理念和方法。阐述了流程工程动态精准设计体系在钢铁冶金工程设计中的应用,讨论了智能化钢铁制造流程的系统层次和构建理念。着重论述了钢铁制造流程信息物理系统的内涵和架构,提出了静态物理系统与信息系统集成、耦合、协同的设计理念和方法,论证了现代钢铁制造流程信息物理系统的智能化设计思路、程序和应用实践。     

Classification and Mechanical Behavior Relationships for Municipal Solid Waste: Study Using Synthetic Wastes

Mechanical behavior of the waste body controls many aspects of landfill lining system design and performance, including stability issues and integrity of the geosynthetic and mineral lining components. The constituents of municipal solid waste deposits vary between countries and regions and are constantly altering as a result of changes in lifestyle and legislation. This paper describes an investigation using a family of synthetic wastes to assess the relationship between classification and mechanical behavior of the waste body via a program of one-dimensional compression and direct shear tests. Measured mechanical behavior is compared with results for real wastes to assess the validity of using synthetic samples. Compression and shear behavior of the synthetic wastes were found to be within the range of published values for real waste. Both stiffness and shear strength values for a synthetic “real” waste were found to be at the lower bound of published values. Lower unit weights and dry conditions for the synthetic wastes are considered to be responsible for the observed differences with real waste behavior. It is concluded that synthetic wastes can be used to assess the relationship between classification and mechanical behavior and that compression and shear behavior can be related to waste classification.