Effect of Neodymium on Physiological Activities in Oilseed Rape during Calcium Starvation

The effects of RE on increasing crop productivity and stress tolerance were reported inpast years[' '2). La ion acts as a calcium-influxinhibitor by displacing Ca2 from cell wallsand occupying Ca2 -binding sites on the plasmalemma, as effective as Ca in the deferral ofsenescence. Besides blocking calcium channels, La has been frequently reported to mimicCa2 effect on plant ion transport. Migliaccioet al. found that both Ca2 and La3 stimulated auxin uptake into pea epicotyl segmentsfr…     

Effects of Neodymium on Nitrogen Metabolism of Plantlet Loquat in Vitro

RareEarthElements (REEs)havespecialelec tricstructuresandtheeffectsonvarietiesofbiologicalactivities .REEspromotingnitrogenmetabolismhasbeenmuchreported[1～4 ] .Ourpreviouspapersstudiedlanthanumandeurioumontherootingofloquatplant letinvitro ,showingthatLaandEucanstimulatethegrowthanddevelopmentofroot ,andenhancetheac tivitiesofnitratereductase (NR)significantly[5,6 ] .ltiswellknownthatnitratereductasecatalyzesthere ductionofNO3- toNH4 .Glutaminesynthetase (GS)andglutamatedehydrogenase…     

Effects of Lanthanum and Europium on Rooting of Plantlet Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl. in vitro

ＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈＥｌｅｍｅｎｔｓ (ＲＥＥｓ)ｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄｄｕｅｔｏｔｈｅｉｒｓｐｅｃｉａｌｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｓｔｒｕｃ ｔｕｒｅｓａｎｄｖａｒｉｅｔｉｅｓｏｆｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ .ＩｎＣｈｉｎａ ,ＲＥＥｓａｓｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒａｄｄｉｔｉｖｅｓｉｎａｇｒｉｃｕｌ ｔｕｒｅｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｌｙｕｓｅｄ .ＮｕｍｅｒｏｕｓｆｉｅｌｄｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓａｎｄｐｏｔｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｔｈａｔＲＥＥｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉ…     

Thermochemical Study on Coordination Complex of Neodymium Trichloroacetic Acid with 8-Hydroxyquinoline

Ｂｏｔｈｒａｒｅｅａｒｔｈｉｏｎｓ[1 ] ａｎｄ 8 ｈｙｄｒｏｘ ｙｑｕｉｎｏｌｉｎｅｐｏｓｓｅｓｓａｎｔｉｂａｃｔｅｒｉａｌｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ[2 ] ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｅｓｈａｖｅｍｏｒｅｐｏｗｅｒｆｕｌｄｉｓｉｎ ｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ .Ｔｈｅｂｉｎａｒｙｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｍｗｅｒｅｒｅ ｐｏｒｔｅｄａｓｅａｒｌｙａｓ 1 96 3.Ｍｅａｎｗｈｉｌｅ ,ｔｈｅｒｅ ｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎｔｈｅｔｅｒｎａｒｙｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｍｈａｓｂｅｃｏｍｅｖｅｒｙａｃｔｉｖｅｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓａｎ…     

New Methodological Approach to Investigation of Kinetics of REE Extraction in Nonstationary Conditions

The influence of periodical oscillations of the temperature on extraction and stripping processes in the extraction systems was studied. Two extraction systems were investigated： （1） 6 mol · L^-1 NaNO3-Nd（NO3）3-Pr（NO3）3-TBP kerosene and （2） [Nd（NO3）3 · 3TBP] -[ Pr（NO3）3 · 3TBP] -kerosene - 0.1 mol · L^-1 HNO3. Mathematical modeling of the nonstationary membrane extraction has been enhanced by including the dependence of the extraction rate constants on temperature. The values of activation energy for direct and reverse extraction and stripping reactions of Pr and Nd were calculated from experimental temporal dependencies of metal concentration and temperature by solving the reverse kinetics problem using the proposed mathematical model, A series of experiments with periodical oscillations of the temperature on the extraction system for the separation of rare earth elements （REE） using bulk liquid membrane between two extractors were performed. The mathematical model adequately describes the experimental data. The optimization of the extraction process for separation of REE by liquid membrane, under the influence of periodical oscillation of the temperature, was made based on the extraction rate constants and activation energies. The optimal conditions of separation by liquid membrane were found： frequency and amplitude of thermal oscillations, liquid membrane flow rate, and optimal ratio between organic and aqueous phase in extractors.     

Effects of morphine on monosodium glutamate neurotoxicity and its mechanism

The enhancing effects of morphine on monosodium glutamate (MSG) neurotoxicity and its blocking by naloxone were studied through morphological observation, together with detection of concentrations of intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) by Ca2+ indicator Fura-2/AM and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) efflux in the bathing medium in primary cultures from 14-17 d old mouse fetal cortex. It was found that 10 min pre-incubation of young cortical neurons (7 day in vitro) with morphine 10(-7) or 10(-6) mol.L-1 substantially increased LDH release from 105.7% +/- 19.0% (treated with MSG alone) to 194.5% +/- 17.7% and 214.0% +/- 9.5% respectively after exposure to MSG 0.1 mmol.L-1, but pre-incubation with morphine (10(-7) or 10(-6) mol.L-1) plus naloxone (0.1 mmol.L-1) reversed the LDH release after treatment with the same concentration of MSG. Morphine (10(-7) or 10(-6) mol.L-1) produced little elevation of [Ca2+]i. However, when combined with MSG (0.1 mmol.L-1) morphine elevated the [Ca2+]i level much more than MSG alone. These results suggest that morphine markedly enhances excitotoxic neuron damage, which can be reversed by naloxone. Overloading of intracellular Ca2+ may be a simultaneous pathological mechanism underlying the neuronal damage and death that occur in excitatory toxicity.     

Distribution, Transportation and Cytolocalization of Neodymium in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

Ｉｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｒａｒｅｅａｒｔｈｅｌ ｅｍｅｎｔｓ (ＲＥＥ)ｈａｖｅａｂｅｎｅｆｉｃｉａｌｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｏｎｃｒｏｐｙｉｅｌｄａｎｄｑｕａｌｉｔｙａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｓｔｒｅｓｓ ｒｅｓｉｓ ｔａｎｃｅ[1] .Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｍｏｓｔｏｆｔｈｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｓｗｅｒｅｆｏｃｕｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＲＥＥｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｏｎｃｒｏｐｙｉｅｌｄｉｎｄｅｘｅｓ ,ｏｒｌｉｍｉｔｅｄａｔｔｉｓｓｕｅｌｅｖ ｅｌ ,ｗｈｉｌｅｔｈｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔ…     

Effect of Ln3＋ on Inhibition of Tobacco RuBPcase

Ｉｔｗａｓｐｒｏｖｅｄｂｙｐｒｅｖｉｏｕｓｗｏｒｋｓ[1] ｔｈａｔｒａｒｅｅａｒｔｈｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｔｈａｎｄｄｅ ｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｐｌａｎｔｓａｎｄｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｔｈｅｙｉｅｌｄｏｆｃｒｏｐｓａｔｌｏｗｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ,ｂｕｔｗｈｅｎｔｈｅｃｏｎ ｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｉｓｈｉｇｈ ,ｔｈｅｙｗｉｌｌｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｏｆｐｌａｎｔｓ .Ｉｔｗａｓａｌｓｏｐｒｏｖｅｄ[2 ,3] ｔｈａｔｒａｒｅｅａｒｔｈｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓｅｘｈｉｂｉｔｂｏｔｈｐｏｓ…     

氯化钕与甘氨酸配位反应的热化学研究

采用具有恒温环境的反应热量计,以2mol     

Alleviation Effect of Lanthanum on Cadmium Stress in Seedling Hydroponic Culture of Kidney Bean and Corn

Since1970s,rare earths(RE)have been exten-sively used as micro-fertilizers for crops in China.Ithas already been proved that REcani mprove the pro-duction and quality of crops.However,there havebeen a fewinvestigations about using RE as regulatorin pollution ecology.For example,An et al[1]studiedthe effects of O3on wheat growth and the protectiveeffect of RE.Yan and Zhou et al[2,3]discussed theprotective effect of RE on plants under acid rainstress.Jia et al[4]and Hu et al[5]reported th…     

电极银浆用微纳米银粉的制备与性能研究

以硝酸银为前驱体, 抗坏血酸为还原剂, 单宁为分散剂, 采用液相化学还原法制备了微纳米超细银颗粒。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、激光粒度分析仪、振实密度仪及太阳能性能测试仪等设备研究了反应物浓度、分散剂剂量、pH值等工艺参数对银颗粒形貌、平均粒径及振实密度的影响。结果表明, 当硝酸银浓度为0.1mol·L-1, 抗坏血酸浓度为0.1mol·L-1, 单宁浓度为0.01mol·L-1, pH值为1, 反应温度为25℃时, 能够获得分散性良好的球状银颗粒; 将平均粒径为1.16μm和0.66μm的两种银粉按照一定质量比进行混合, 制备得到的混合银粉最高振实密度可达到6.1g·mL-1; 通过研究基于不同振实密度银粉的银电极表面形貌和电池性能, 可以得出基于振实密度6.1g·mL-1混合银粉所制的银电极相对密度最好, 太阳能电池的光电转换效率最高, 达到17.16%。     

Alleviation Effects of Rare Earth on Cd Stress to Rape

Using rapes as test materials, the fastness expression and alleviation effect of rapes were studied under Cd stress condition, as the rapeseeds were dipped in the single element( La, Ce, Nd, Pr)and mixed rare earth (RE). The results indicate that, under Cd stress, the dry and fresh weight are increased by both the single element and mixed rare earth treatment, and the fastness of rape is improved. The single element of rare earth decreases the Cd content in rape roots and transmits Cd to the edible parts above the ground in which the alleviation effect of Ce is most significant. La treatment takes the second place, so that the poisonous effect of heavy metal Cd is eased. The mixed rare earth doesnt alleviate the assimilation of Cd in rape roots, but accelerates the transfer of Cd to the parts above the ground. The research puts forward that the alleviation of rare earth on Cd stress has connection with the decrease of Ca content.     

氧化铝赤泥盐酸浸出稀土元素研究

在用盐酸浸出氧化铝赤泥提取氧化钪的过程中,稀土元素镧,铈,钕也一同浸出,进入到浸出液中。研究了拜耳法赤泥盐酸浸出稀土元素镧,铈,钕的过程。研究了浸出温度、酸度、液固比和浸出时间对稀土元素浸出率的影响。研究结果表明,影响稀土浸出率的因素依次是浸出温度,盐酸浓度,配料液固比,和浸出时间。当接近沸点109℃浸出时,镧、铈、钕浸出率提高最快。盐酸酸度在4～5 mol.L-1时,浸出率升高较快,5～7 mol.L-1时,缓慢提高,当超过7 mol.L-1时,镧、铈、钕的浸出率基本不变化。当液固比为4.0时,镧、铈、钕元素的浸出率较低,仅为60%～75%之间,当液固比提高到5.0时,稀土元素的浸出率升高较快。随着浸出时间的延长,氧化稀土的浸出率从60～180 min时,缓慢提高,在180 min时达到最大值,超过180 min后,变化不大。在温度为沸点(109℃),液固比6.0,时间180 min。盐酸浓度7 mol.L-1的条件下浸出,赤泥中La,Ce,Nd的浸出率能达到95%以上。     

Changes in endogenous hormone levels and redox status during enhanced adventitious rooting by rare earth element neodymium of Dendrobium densiflorum shoot cuttings

The effects of neodymium nitrate (Nd3 ) on the adventitious rooting of Dendrobium densiflorum shoot cuttings were studied. The addition of Nd3 (5 μmol/L) to culture medium significantly increased rooting frequency. Histological investigation showed that Nd3 did not change the process of root initiation. Nd3 did not influence total endogenous cytokinin levels, but significantly increased the level of en-dogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the base of shoot cuttings. Compared to the control, the ratio of IAA/cytokinins was very high in the Nd3 treatment. These results suggested that the enhanced rooting frequency may be related to the increase in endogenous IAA level in Nd3 treatment. Analysis of enzyme activities showed that the enhanced accumulation of the endogenous IAA by Nd3 should not be attributed to inhibition of IAA decomposition by IAA oxidase or promotion of cytokinin decomposition by cytokinin oxidase. Besides, Nd3 increased the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in the process of adventitious rooting while the ratio of ascorbate (ASC) to dehydroascorbate (DHA) was not affected.     

Response of Soil Water Chemistry to Simulated Changes in Acid Deposition in the Great Smoky Mountains

Watershed recovery from acidic deposition, such as the Noland Divide Watershed in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, is difficult to predict because of complex biogeochemical processes exhibited in soils. Laboratory soil columns and in?situ pan lysimeters were used to investigate soil solution response to simulated reductions in acid deposition. Controlling for influent SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ concentrations in the column experiments, effluent pH declined similarly to 4.4 among five experimental scenarios from an initial pH of approximately 4.7 and 6.1. Influent-effluent chemical comparisons suggest nitrification and/or SO42- desorption controls effluent pH. Sulfate adsorption occurred when SO42- influent was greater than 25??μmol?L-1 and desorption occurred below 15??μmol?L-1, which would equate to approximately a 61% reduction in current SO42- deposition levels. Base cation depletion occurred in column experiments, in which 64–60??μmol?L-1 Ca2+ and 24–27??μmol?L-1 Mg2+ reductions were measured. Cation depletion rates were pH dependent, primarily caused by soil cation exchange and not weathering. In these soils with base saturation below 7%, complete Ca2+ and Mg2+ depletion was estimated as 90 to 140?years. Protons released by SO42- desorption via ligand exchange are expected to cause further base cation depletion, thereby delaying watershed recovery. Field experiments found SO42- sorption dynamics to be limited by kinetics and hydrologic interflow rates, illustrating how precipitation intensity can influence ion transport from soil to stream. Results from this study provide important information for predicting watershed recovery in the future and suggest needs for further research.     

Crystal Structure and Characterization of a Novel Neodymium Coordination Compound Based on Dawson Cluster

Inthefieldsofdesigningandassemblingmolecule basedmaterials[1,2 ] withstructurescon structedbyso calledanion cationsaltsorhost guestsolids ,polyoxometalates (POMs)havebeenfoundtobeextremelyversatileinorganicbuildingblocksduetotheirabilitytoacceptelectrons[…     

Toxic Effect of Cd^2＋ on Potamogeton crispus Alleviated by Exogenous Nd^3＋

Cadmiumis non-nutrition element for the plantgrowth,it can cause potential threat to the environ-ment safety as it remains in the nature for a very longti me,and once its concentrations reach or exceed acertainthreshold value,it will interfere withthe met…     

Effect of Cerium on Cardiac Muscle of Rat and Guinea Pig

Rare earth elements (REE) have beenused in agriculture widely. But the mechanismof their biological effect is not very clear. REcould antagonize Ca2 in cardiac muslce[1]. Laand Gd could noncompetitively inhibit the ef-feet of Ca2 in cardiac muscular contraction,reduce the activity of adenosine triphosphatasein cardiac sarcoplasm and inhibit the contraction of atria and papillary muscle in guineapig, and cause the visible potential vibration.All these might be caused by the inhibition ofN…     

Stability of Rare Earth Ion-N, N′-bis（2′-Pyridine）methyl-1,10-Phenanthroline-2,9-Dimethanmine Binary Complexes

1 ,10 Phenanthrolinehasbeenextensivelyusedasanazaheterocyclicchelateligandinbothanalyticalandpreparativecoordinationchemistry[1] .Asanim portantligand ,1,10 phenanthrolineunitplaysanim portantroleforthedevelopmentofthesupramolecularchemistry .Manynovelsupramolecularcompoundsin clude 1,10 phenanthrolineunit[2～ 4 ] .Furthermore ,consideringtheuniquecombinationofchemicalstabil ities ,redoxproperties ,luminescenceemissionandex citedstatelifetime ,derivativesof 1,10 phenanthrolinehaveplayedama…     

Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of Ca2.6Nd0.4 Co4O9 Compound

Atemperaturedifferenceappliedacrossasolidgeneratesanelectromotiveforce ,characterizedbythethermoelectricpowerofthesolid .ThisphenomenonisnamedSeebeckeffect .Metaloxidematerialswithhighthermoelectricpropertiesaregoodcandidatesforappli cationtothermoelectricpowergenerationbecausefig ureofmeritZ ,definedasZ =S2 σ/κwhereS ,σ ,κaretheSeebeckcoefficient ,electricalconductivityandthermalconductivity ,respectively ,canevaluatetheperformanceofthermoelectricmaterials .Severalsystemshavebeeninvesti…