轧钢加热炉改造

针对轧钢加热炉加热能力不足,炉墙冒火,自动化控制水平落后的情况,对加热炉进行了改造,延长了加热炉的长度,更换了单蓄热式空气烧嘴,并对自动控制系统进行了升级改造,从而消除了炉墙冒火的现象,提高了加热能力和自动控制水平,降低了煤气消耗,取得了良好的经济效益。     

变频器在4#空分油泵控制系统上的应用

叙述了天铁动力厂4#空分系统辅助油泵应用EV2000变频器控制系统的过程,对运行中出现的溢油、油压波动不稳等故障现象原因进行了分析,提出了改进方案.改进后消除了故障现象,实现了闭环控制油泵的转速和启停,减小了对电机和电网的冲击和振动,提高了设备的可靠性,延长了电机使用寿命,保障了生产的顺利进行.     

钻探施工方案优化实践

在矿区钻探工程施工过程中,针对钻探工程的特点及现场施工条件,对受影响的原设计方案进行了优化,全面综合分析考虑,充分利用了一切可以利用的手段和措施,提高了工程的实用性、安全性,降低了工程成本。进一步升华了钻探方案,提高了工程质量,最大程度的减少了工程施工的风险与难度,实现了企业利益最大化,同时保证企业的投资决策质量和经济效益达到了双赢。     

用友资产管理系统在设备管理上的应用

用友资产管理系统根据天铁集团的设备管理要求配置了相关的功能模块,实现了设备管理的精细化、科学化、信息化,提高了设备的管理水平,降低了设备维修费用,同时实现了与财务一体化的无缝对接,为相关的钢铁企业设备管理信息化工作提供了参考。     

朱店尾矿坝隐患治理研究

通过对尾矿库存在的隐患分析,找出原因,并对选场工艺及水系统进行了改造,改善了尾矿库的状态,消除了隐患,降低了成本,稳定了选矿指标。     

实行财政集中支付制度后高校财务工作应注意的几个问题

高等学校财务实行财政集中支付制度,改变了账户设置,改变了支付方式,改变了资金存放方式,改变了资金结算方式,改变了执行信息反馈方式,改变了财务监督方式,有效地提高了高等学校财务工作的质量。为适应这种改变,高等学校财务部门要提升财务人员的素质,强化内部预算管理,提高经费使用效益。     

45 t转炉修炉车液压传动系统设计

介绍了砌炉车的工作原理,围绕其工作原理和使用实践,对其液压系统进行了重新设计,选用了二通流量控制阀,实现了对修炉车三条油缸流量的均衡分配,确保了三个油缸的同步动作,有效地解决了原设计采用的比例分配阀流量分配不均的问题,提高了设备运行的平稳性和可靠性.     

TRT顶压控制系统及其安全性的研究与优化

介绍了天钢1~#TRT顶压控制系统,对现有的顶压控制系统进行了分析,在原有差压调节模式的基础上增加了顶压调节模式,将实际操作改为差压调节与顶压调节两种互选模式,提高了系统的发电效率;对旁通阀组的控制进行了优化,优化后极大地提高了系统的安全性,保证了炉顶压力的稳定,延长了设备的使用寿命,产生了较高的经济效益。     

烧结箱的改进

箱式烧结工艺竣工投产很快获得了经济效益,但是烧结箱结构不合理限制了产量进一步提高。作者根据生产实践,将烧结箱作了改进,解决了箱体变形,难密封的问题,继而又对蓖盘的变形作了改进,提高了产量和质量,保证高炉创造了良好的指标。     

工资的那些事儿——有色金属行业员工收入调查

本期《中国金属通报》(以下简称《通报》)带领读者通过一组详实的调查数据,探寻有色金属行业部分员工的收入,了解一线员工的经济状况,倾听他们的内心诉求,以及从收入中折射出的有色金属行业嗟叹沉浮。"听说工资要涨了,心里更加爱党了,见到老婆敢嚷了,敢尝海鲜鹅掌了,闲时能逛商场了,遇见美女心痒了,结果物价又涨了,一切又都白想了。"这是一个流     

Contribution of endogenous opioids to gonadal hormones-induced temporomandibular joint antinociception.

The authors have recently demonstrated that the high serum estradiol level during the proestrus phase of the estrous cycle and that the administration of estradiol or progesterone in ovariectomized female and of testosterone in orchiectomized male rats significantly decrease formalin-induced temporomandibular joint (TMJ) nociception. In this study, the authors investigate the contribution of endogenous opioids to this antinociceptive effect of gonadal hormones in the TMJ formalin test. The opioid receptor antagonist naloxone was administrated either in the surrounding of the trigeminal sensory complex or in the TMJ region. The antinociceptive effect induced by endogenous estradiol in proestrus females and by exogenous estradiol in ovariectomized females was blocked by the administration of naloxone in the surrounding of the trigeminal sensory complex, but not in the TMJ region. The antinociceptive effect induced by the administration of progesterone in ovariectomized females and of testosterone in orchiectomized males was blocked by the administration of naloxone either in the surrounding of the trigeminal sensory complex or in the TMJ region. The authors conclude that central and peripheral opioid mechanisms mediate the antinociceptive effect of progesterone and testosterone, and central opioid mechanisms mediate the antinociceptive effect of estradiol. These findings suggest that the enhanced pain perception during low gonadal hormone periods in women and animals may be mediated by a decrease in endogenous opioid activity. This suggestion helps explain the higher severity of some pain conditions, such as temporomandibular dysfunctions in women than in men, that have no hormonal fluctuations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Introduction to the special section on cognitive processes and psychotherapy.

Theoretical models featuring cognitive processes have played a fundamental role in advancing knowledge of psychopathology and its treatment and have emphasized the importance of cognition in psychotherapy. Recognition of the importance of cognition in psychotherapy has led to a number of questions that are addressed by the articles in this special section of the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. Cognitive therapy is well represented in the articles in this special section, but therapeutic procedures that do not represent typical cognitive therapy are also examined. The articles in this special section focus on homework in the modification of cognition, cognition in the treatment of anxiety in adults and in children, change in depressive cognitions in children, cognition and rapid change in the treatment of depression, and the role of cognition in the treatment and prevention of depression that is recurrent. Examination of these types of questions holds the possibility of advances in existing treatments and the possibility of innovations in new treatments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Impacts of Obstacles in East Asian Cross-Border Construction

In the light of the rapidly growing investment in infrastructure over the past 10 years, East Asia has developed into one of the most dynamic construction markets in the world. Despite progress in market-oriented reforms in some countries of this region, considerable obstacles in the form of varying technical standards and local preference policies still can lead to significant cost increases. Five categories of obstacles are identified in this paper: business environment risk, regulatory restrictions, contractual arrangements and differences in standards and in culture. The likelihood of occurrence of these obstacles as well as their impact on the profitability of cross-border construction are uncertain. The degree of their effect also varies across East Asian countries. Through an industry survey of top international construction firms based in Singapore, the significant obstacles or cost growth factors and their impact on cost growth in tendering, construction, and overheads are determined. In particular, the risk situations in China and Singapore are compared.     

球团链箅机回转窑工艺中氯和硫元素迁移规律

摘要：对链箅机回转窑工艺中各段球团样品进行实验分析,研究了氯元素和硫元素在链箅机回转窑工艺中的迁移规律,明晰了烟气中HCl的生成机制。结果表明,球团原料中的氯元素主要是以NaCl的形式存在,氯元素有一部分在链箅机抽风干燥段会转变成HCl气体并进入烟气,一部分在链箅机预热Ⅱ段之后以NaCl的形式汽化进入烟气,剩余的氯元素仍以NaCl的形式存在于成品球团矿中。烟气中的HCl气体是在抽风干燥段,由富含SO2的烟气与含水球团料层中的NaCl发生反应生成的,烟气中SO2转变成Na2SO4重新固定于料层中。在预热Ⅰ段和预热Ⅱ段,烟气中的SO2与原料中碳酸钙分解生成的游离CaO反应生成CaSO4,也会重新固定烟气中的SO2。     

Imperfection Sensitivity of Laminated Cylindrical Shells According to Different Shell Theories

The imperfection sensitivity of laminated cylindrical shells is considered—via the initial postbuckling analysis—on the basis of three different shell theories: Donnell in 1933; Sanders in 1963; and Timoshenko in 1961. The procedure involves nonlinear partial differential equations, which are converted into a sequence of three linear sets. The equations are solved with the variables expanded in Fourier series in the circumferential direction and in finite differences in the axial directions. A general code is developed and used in studying the effect of higher exactness of the shell theory on the sensitivity behavior, and in a parametric study of the sensitivity of anisotropic angle-ply cylindrical shells.     

Vulnerability of Fully Glazed High-Rise Buildings in Tropical Cyclones

This paper examines some of the features of the built environment that are most likely to be related to the potential for damage causation in the event of a tropical cyclone strike in a densely populated urban area. The common incidence of fully glazed buildings, vulnerable as they are to wind-borne debris, forms a central feature of this consideration. The problem of loss estimation from both direct and indirect losses is considered. Use is made in the paper of information available from instances in which this scenario has been played out. While the most common episode in the minds of most research workers is probably the damage caused by Hurricane Alicia in Houston in 1983, the most recent occurrence of this damage mechanism has been in Hong Kong, in September 1999, when Typhoon York caused significant damage to the central business district including Central Plaza, one of Asia’s tallest buildings. The paper indicates a relationship of building damage to wind speed. This relationship, when taken with the uncertainty surrounding the estimation of the magnitude of long return-period wind speeds, results in considerable uncertainty in the estimation of the value of losses in extreme meteorological events. The influence of this level of uncertainty on insurance premiums and reinsurance rates is noted.     

Simulation of the Effect of an Increase in Methane on Air Temperature

The infrared radiative effect of methane was analyzed using the 2D. interactive chemical dynamical radiative SOCRATES model of the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Then, a sensitivity experiment, with the methane volume mixing ratio increased by 10%. was carried out to study the influence of an increase of methane on air temperature. The results showed that methane has a heating effect through the infrared radiative process in the troposphere and a cooling effect in the stratosphere. However, the cooling effect of the methane is much smaller than that of water vapor in the stratosphere and is negligible in the mesosphere. The simulation results also showed that when methane concentration is increased by 10%. the air temperature lowers in the stratosphere and mesosphere and increases in the troposphere. The cooling can reach 0.2 K at the stratopause and can vary from 0.2-0.4 K in the mesosphere, and the temperature rise varies by around 0.001-0.002 K in the troposphere. The cooling results from the increase of the infrared radiative cooling rate caused by increased water vapor and O3 concentration, which are stimulated by the increase in methane in most of the stratosphere. The infrared radiation cooling of methane itself is minor.The depletion of O3 stimulated by the methane increase results indirectly in a decrease in the rate of solar radiation heating, producing cooling in the stratopause and mesosphere. The tropospheric warming is mainly caused by the increase of methane, which produces infrared radiative heating. The increase in H2O and O3 caused by the methane increase also contributes to a rise in temperature in the troposphere.     

Case Study: Delayed Sedimentation Response to Inflow and Operations at Sanmenxia Dam

This paper presents a study on the reservoir sedimentation processes in response to changes in incoming flow at the upstream and changes in the pool level at the downstream for Sanmenxia Reservoir, which is located on the middle reach of the Yellow River in China and has experienced serious sedimentation problems even since its impoundment in 1960. The hysteresis effect in reservoir sedimentation was used as the basis for analysis and its behavior was fully investigated throughout this study. The research found that the rise in the elevation of Tongguan, which is located in the backwater region at a distance of 113.5?km upstream of the Sanmenxia Dam, had a time delay of about 2?years compared with the sediment deposition in the reservoir area downstream of Tongguan. Moreover the accumulated sediment deposition in the reservoir area was closely related not only to the current year’s flow and dam operational conditions, but also to the preceding 3–4?years’ flow and dam operational conditions. Likewise the variation of Tongguan’s elevation was a function of 6?years’ linearly superimposed runoff, and the channel bed slope in the vicinity of Tongguan was determined by a moving average pool level over a 7?year period. The research results are of practical importance in particular for optimizing the operation of Sanmenxia Dam, and the finding of the hysteresis phenomenon in the sedimentation process of the reservoir is of merit to the advancement of sedimentation science.     

河北省中南部农田孢粉组合特征

The study on 82 surface soil pollen samples from different types of cultivated vegetations in central and southern parts of Hebei Province indicates that the pollen assem-blages from farmlands in the plain have not only their own plant types, but also the pollen components from the nearby mountains. Arboreal pollen percentages and concentrations (dominated by Pinus)from farmlands in mountain area are higher than those in the plain, and it reduces gradually with the increasing distance away from the mountains. Taking Pinus pollen in Taihang Mountains as an example, its content is 20%-30%, 10%-20%, 20%-30% and below 16% respectively for the samples from the area of 0-50, 50-100, 100-150 and more than 150 km away from the east Taihang Mountains. The increase of Pinus pollen proportion in the central plain is probably related to the fohn effect. The spatial variation of AP from mountains to the plain in Hebei Province may be similar to the forests clearance by human activities in the early historical period. Shrubby pollen proportion is small both in mountains and in the plain, but their major components are different. Elaeagnaceae, Corylus,Ostryopsis and Oleaceae are common in mountain areas, while there are relatively high contents of Rosaceae and Vitaceae in the plain. Herbs content in the plain(about 60%)is 15% higher than that in mountains, among which the Cereals and Cruciferae pollen per-centages are 5% and 2% higher respectively. Artemisia pollen percentage in the plain is lower than that in mountains. Since the human activities are weaker in mountains compared with that in the plain, the general trend is that Chenopodiaceae pollen increases from mountains to the plain gradually, reflecting the raising intensity of human activities. The fern spores of Se-laginella sinensis in mountains are higher than that in the plain, but it still reaches to about 7% in the plain. The fern spores of Selaginella sinensis are not prone to be spread by wind, in-dicating that those in the surface soil of the plain may be carried by river water from moun-tains during the deposition of the plain.     

Lateral Behavior of Pile Groups in Layered Soils

Assessment of the response of a laterally loaded pile group based on soil–pile interaction is presented in this paper. The behavior of a pile group in uniform and layered soil (sand and/or clay) is evaluated based on the strain wedge model approach that was developed to analyze the response of a long flexible pile under lateral loading. Accordingly, the pile’s response is characterized in terms of three-dimensional soil–pile interaction which is then transformed into its one-dimensional beam on elastic foundation equivalent and the associated parameter (modulus of subgrade reaction Es) variation along pile length. The interaction among the piles in a group is determined based on the geometry and interaction of the mobilized passive wedges of soil in front of the piles in association with the pile spacing. The overlap of shear zones among the piles in the group varies along the length of the pile and changes from one soil layer to another in the soil profile. Also, the interaction among the piles grows with the increase in lateral loading, and the increasing depth and fan angles of the developing wedges. The value of Es so determined accounts for the additional strains (i.e., stresses) in the adjacent soil due to pile interaction within the group. Based on the approach presented, the p–y curve for different piles in the pile group can be determined. The reduction in the resistance of the individual piles in the group compared to the isolated pile is governed by soil and pile properties, level of loading, and pile spacing.