医用Zn-1.5Mg合金的组织与性能研究

研究了医用Zn-1.5Mg合金的微观组织变化,探讨了其对力学性能的影响.对铸态、均匀化处理和轧制态Zn-1.5Mg合金的微观组织进行了表征,分析了合金的相组成.选取变形量为49%和73%的轧制态Zn-1.5Mg合金,在模拟体液中分别浸泡1、2、4、8、14、22、32天,统计了腐蚀速率的变化.结果表明:铸态Zn-1.5Mg合金的相组成主要为η-Zn相、Mg_2Zn_(11)相和MgZn_2相,均匀化处理后MgZn_2相消失.铸态Zn-1.5Mg合金均匀化后共晶组织的片层状形貌消失,显微组织变得更加均匀.经总压下量73%轧制变形后,枝晶细化.轧制后的浸泡实验显示,样品浸泡4天后腐蚀速率基本保持在0.2 mm/a左右,电化学实验显示两种轧态试样腐蚀电压在-0.9 V左右.     

添加微量锆、铒对铸造Al-8.25Zn-2.4Mg-2.3Cu合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射等方法研究了微量Er和压元素对Al-8.25Zn-2.4Mg-2.3Cu合金铸锭组织的细化作用及其细化机制,同时考察了微合金化元素对试验合金力学性能的影响.结果表明:单独添加Zr对Al-8.25Zn-2.4Mg-2.3Cu合金铸锭组织有一定的细化作用,而复合添加Zr和Er则对Al-8.25Zn-2.4Mg-2.3Cu合金铸锭组织产生强烈的细化效果,分析表明其细化效应与合金凝固过程中Al8Cu4Er相、Al3Er相和Al3Zr等复合质点的析出及微量元素在凝固界面前沿的富集有关.经过T6处理,Al-8.25Zn-2.4Mg-2.3Cu-0.18Zr-0.40E哈金的抗拉强度σb为600 MPa;延伸率达到8%.与7075合金相比,试验合金的强度与塑性均获得大幅度提高.     

高温固溶处理对Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金组织结构及力学性能的影响

通过光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和力学试验,研究了510℃下固溶处理20h所得Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金的组织结构及力学性能。结果表明,铸态Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金主要由树枝状α-Mg基体以及分布于枝晶间的(Mg,Zn)_3Gd共晶相组成;固溶处理后,合金相组成未发生变化,而(Mg,Zn)_3Gd相形貌由连续网状转变为不连续岛状,体积分数由19%下降为9%;固溶态合金中未观察到长周期堆垛有序结构的形成。拉伸条件下,固溶态Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金屈服强度比铸态略有下降,但抗拉强度和延伸率均有较大提高,其屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率依次为176 MPa、277 MPa和12.8%,表现出优良的综合力学性能;压缩条件下,铸态和固溶态Mg-15Gd-2Zn-0.6Zr合金的力学性能差异较小,且均优于拉伸条件下的力学性能。     

时效处理对Al-7.8Zn-1.6Mg-1.8Cu-0.12Zr合金超声铸锭轧件组织与抗腐蚀性能的影响

分别采用T6、T73和RRA 3种时效制度对超声铸造Al-7.8Zn-1.6Mg-1.8Cu-0.12Zr铝合金热轧板进行时效处理,研究时效制度对材料的组织、力学性能与耐腐蚀性能的影响,并与未经超声熔体处理的合金热轧板进行对比。结果表明:对于超声铸造Al-7.8Zn-1.6Mg-1.8Cu-0.12Zr铝合金的热轧板,与T6时效态合金相比,T73时效态合金的抗腐蚀性能较好,但强度显著降低,RRA状态的合金强度与T6态合金相当,抗腐蚀性能显著提高;相对于未经超声熔体处理的合金,在超声波的空化、声流和机械振动效应的作用下,铸态合金的合金元素固溶度以及基体空位浓度都增加,在其组织遗传效应的影响下,采用相同时效工艺处理后合金中析出相的分布更加均匀但出现部分粗化现象,均匀分布的细小析出相对合金的强度有积极影响,粗化的析出相对合金的强度不利,但能提高合金的耐腐蚀性能。     

Mg-8Li-3Gd-3Y-0.6Al镁合金的均匀化研究

为了提高Mg-8Li-3Gd-3Y-0.6Al合金铸锭的力学性能,对合金进行了均匀化退火处理。通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、显微硬度测试、X射线衍射、拉伸力学性能测试等手段,研究了均匀化条件对Mg-8Li-3Gd-3Y-0.6Al合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,铸态合金经773K 8h的均匀化处理后,铸态时的网状相完全溶解到基体中,第二相弥散分布在基体中,同时退火态合金的抗拉强度达到了154 MPa,比铸态合金提高了23%。合金最佳的均匀化退火工艺是773K 8h,此时该合金具有较好的综合力学性能。     

Nd对喷射成形Mg-9Al-3Zn-6.5Ca-0.6Mn镁合金组织及力学性能的影响

利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM & EDS)和X-ray衍射分析仪等研究了Nd对喷射成形Mg-9Al-3Zn-6.5Ca-0.6 Mn镁合金组织及力学性能的影响.喷射沉积坯晶粒细小,以α-Mg、Al2Ca和Ca2Mg6Zn3为主要物相.挤压后以α-Mg、Al2Ca和MgZn2为主要物相.加入Nd主要形成Al3Nd相,新相成片状;当Nd含量为2%时,挤压态合金的力学性能最佳,伸长率无明显变化,拉伸断口基本上为断裂,有少量的韧窝.     

LZ63和LZ113合金板材室温力学性能与显微组织演变

采用熔铸、均匀化、热轧和冷轧方法制备了新型Mg-6Li-3Zn和Mg-11Li-3Zn合金板材.研究了合金的室温力学行为、热轧组织与热轧脱锂现象.两种合金的室温抗拉强度和拉断真应变分别为208MPa,0.13和170 MPa,0.375.真应力-真应变曲线表明Mg-6Li-3Zn合金室温变形发生加工硬化,而Mg-11Li-3Zn合金室温变形发生加工软化.Mg-11Li-3Zn合金中β相室温处于回复温度、β相层错能低和β相中Li原子的快速扩散降低了位错的产生速度是该合金加工软化的原因.热轧组织由带状晶粒组成.显微组织研究发现Mg-11Li-3Zn合金573 K热轧过程中发生严重的"脱锂"现象和出现大量α相现象.脱锂是锂原子扩散速度极快造成的.脱锂造成α相增多,β相减少.     

Nd对热处理态Mg-6Zn-3Cu镁合金性能的影响

通过采用合金制备,组织分析,力学性能测试等手段研究了Nd的加入对热处理态Mg-6Zn-3Cu合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Nd的加入改变了合金组织和相的分布,随着Nd加入量的增加,合金抗拉强度、屈服强度以及延伸率随Nd含量的增加先提高,达到最大值后开始下降。     

快速凝固铝锂合金粉末特性对其挤压村组织和性能的影响

采用一种快速冷凝装置研制了Al-2.5Li-1.6Cu-1.2Mg-0.2Zr合金粉末及合金。探讨了合金粉末特性及其对快速凝固铝锂合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。采用片状粉末制备的这种快速凝固铝理合金,具有较好的强塑性综合力学性能。     

时效对新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金力学及应力腐蚀性能的影响

通过力学性能和电导率测试、慢应变速率试验(SSRT)以及显微组织TEM分析,研究了不同时效制度对新型Al-7.5Zn-1.7Mg-1.4Cu-0.12Zr合金力学及应力腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,合金的力学性能和应力腐蚀性能与时效制度密切相关。T6状态下,晶内析出相弥散细小,晶界析出相呈连续分布,合金的强度最高,抗应力腐蚀性能最差;经T7双级过时效处理后,晶界析出相粗化呈离散分布,出现明显宽化的晶间无析出带,合金的抗应力腐蚀性能得到明显提高,但其强度损失较多。经三级时效处理后,合金的组织综合了T6态和T7态的优点,使合金既有高的强度又有良好的抗应力腐蚀性能,合金的极限抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率和电导率分别达到580,570 MPa,16.7%和23.3 MS.m-1。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Y-Nd-Zr alloys

The microstructure and tensile properties of the as-cast and solution treatment Mg-4.5Zn-1Y-xNd-0.5Zr (x=0, 1 wt.%, 2 wt.%, 3 wt.%) alloys were investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of Mg-4.5Zn-1Y-0.5Zr alloy consisted of α-Mg, Zn-Zr, W (Mg₃Y₂Zn₃) and I (Mg₃YZn₆) phases. With the addition of Nd, I-phase disappeared and Mg₃Y₂Zn₃ phase changed into Mg₃(Nd,Y)₂Zn₃ phase. When the content of Nd reached 3 wt.%, T phase, i.e., ternary Mg-Zn-Nd phase, formed. In addition, with the increase of Nd content in the alloys, the secondary dendritic arm spacing decreased, while the amount of intermetallic phases increased. For as-cast Mg-4.5Zn-1Y-xNd-0.5Zr alloys, after solution treatment, microsegregation was eliminated and the shape of eutectic structure of α-Mg+W transformed from lamellar into spherical. The tensile strength and elongation of Mg-4.5Zn-1Y- 3Nd-0.5Zr alloy were increased from 219.2 MPa and 11.0% to 247.5 MPa and 20.0%, respectively.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-7Zn-3Al alloy with Nd and Y additions

The effects of combined addition of 0.6 wt.% Nd and 0.4 wt.% Y on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-7Zn-3Al alloy were investigated.The results indicated that the Nd and Y addition led to obvious dendrite coarsening.However,it could modify the morphology and distribution of-Mg 32(Al,Zn) 49 intermetallics.Moreover,Al 2 REZn 2 phase could be introduced into the alloy with the Nd and Y addition.With the effective second-phase strengthening,the ultimate tensile strength and elongation in as-cast state can be improved by the Nd and Y addition.After ageing treatment,the alloy with the Nd and Y addition exhibited better precipitation strengthening effects by forming finer MgZn 2 and Mg 32(Al,Zn) 49 precipitates into the-Mg matrix.As a result,the yield and ultimate strength of Mg-7Zn3Al-0.6Nd-0.4Y alloy could be increased to 182 and 300 MPa by peak-ageing treatment.     

Influence of Nd and Y additions on the corrosion behaviour of extruded Mg-Zn-Zr alloys

To improve the corrosion resistance of wrought magnesium alloys through rare earth (RE) additions, the corrosion behaviour of Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr-xNd (x=0, 1, and 2; wt%) and Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr-2Nd-yY (y=0.5 and 1; wt%) alloys in a 5wt% NaCl solution was investigated using immersion test and electrochemical measurements. The results of immersion test show that Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr-2Nd alloy exhibits the best corrosion resistance among the tested alloys. Electrochemical measurements show that secondary phases in RE-containing Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr alloys behave as less noble cathodes in micro-galvanic corrosion and suppress the cathodic process. The additions of Nd and Y into Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr alloy also improve the compactness of the corrosion product film and are beneficial to the corrosion resistance.     

Effects of substitution of Nd in a sand-cast Mg-2.5Nd-0.6Zn-0.5Zr alloy with x wt.% Sm(x=2.5, 4, and 6)

The microstructures and mechanical properties of a series of sand-cast Mg-Sm-Zn-Zr alloys under ascast, solution-treated and peak-aged states were thoroughly investigated. The OM, XRD, SEM and HRTEM were employed to characterize the microstructural evolution. The results indicate that substitution Nd in the conventional Mg-2.5 Nd-0.6 Zn-0.5 Zr alloy with different contents of Sm has comparative grain refinement effect and will fully change the dominant intermetallic phase. In addition, the substituted alloys perform clearly higher strength with comparative ductility at both as-cast and peakaged conditions and much greater aging hardening response than the referential alloy. It is obvious that the strength increments of this alloy are attributed to the changes of the eutectic intermetallic particles on grain boundaries.     

固溶时效处理对Al-6.6Zn-2.3Mg-2.1Cu-0.12Zr合金组织性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、硬度测试、电导率测试和室温拉伸性能测试等分析手段,研究了Al-6.6Zn-2.3Mg-2.1Cu-0.12Zr合金挤压板带固溶、单级时效和双级时效制度下的组织和性能。研究表明,Al-6.6Zn-2.3Mg-2.1Cu-0.12Zr合金挤压板带采用475℃/2 h的固溶处理制度,析出相回溶充分,无过烧现象;合金采用475℃/2 h+120℃/24 h的T6时效处理制度,晶内析出相细小弥散,晶界析出相连续分布;合金采用475℃/2 h+110℃/8 h+160℃/28 h的T74双级固溶时效处理制度,晶内析出相以η’和η为主,晶界析出物完全断开。     

Microstructure and mechanical behavior of spray-deposited High-Li Al-Li alloys

High-Li alloys, with the composition Al-3.8Li-XCu-1.0Mg-0.4Ge-0.2Zr, were synthesized using a spray deposition technique (wt. pct, X=0∼1.5). The microstructure of the spray-deposited Al-Li alloys consisted of equiaxed grains with an average grain size in the range from 20 to 50 μm. The grain-boundary phases were fine and discrete. The spray-deposited and thermomechanically processed materials were isothermally heat treated at 150 °C and 170 °C to investigate the age-hardening kinetics. It was noted that the spray-deposited Al-3.8Li-XCu-1.0Mg-0.4Ge-0.2Zr alloys exhibited relatively sluggish aging behavior. The peak-aged condition was achieved at 170 °C in the range from 20 to 90 hours. It was noted that Cu increases the hardness of alloys during aging. Moreover, the influence of Cu on age-hardening kinetics is marginal. The mechanical properties of the spray-deposited and extruded Al-Li alloys were studied in the underaged, peak-aged, and overaged conditions. For example, the peak-aged yield strength, tensile strength, and ductility of Al-3.8Li-1.0Cu-1.0Mg-0.4Ge-0.2Zr are 455 MPa, 601 MPa, and 3.1 pct, respectively. Moreover, an increase in the Cu content of the alloy led to improvements in strength, with only slight changes in ductility, for Cu contents up to 1.0 wt pct. Beyond this range, an increase in Cu content led to decreases in both strength and ductility.     

The Microstructure and tensile properties of a splat-quenched Al-Cu-Li-Mg-Zr alloy

The microstructure and tensile behavior of an Al-3Cu-l.6Li-0.8Mg-0.2Zr alloy, produced by splatquenched powder metallurgy processing, were studied. The alloy exhibited homogeneous deformation, both in bulk samples and duringin situ TEM studies. This is in contrast to the strain localization that is frequently observed in Mg-free Al-Cu-Li-X alloys. The difference in deformation mode is attributed to a fine distribution of Ś (Al₂CuMg) which precipitates up to the grain boundaries. A processing treatment involving 2 pct stretch prior to aging resulted in a yield strength of 555 MPa, a reduction in area of 29 pct, and a strain to fracture of 8.8 pct. This represents an attractive improvement in specific properties compared with 7075-T76 having a similar texture.     

Effects of Nd on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al alloy

Effects of Nd on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al alloy were investigated by OM,X-ray diffraction(XRD),EPMA,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS).The results showed that the dendrites sizes of α phase were decreased by the Nd addition.When the amount of addition Nd was 1.6 wt.%,the alloy with the smallest α phase was obtained.The refining mechanism mainly owed to the increasing constitutional supercooling at the solidification front.Furthermore,the compound Al 2 Nd generated by the reaction of Al and Nd,which distributed at the phase boundary and inside β phase,could also restrain the growth of α phase.Nd could improve the tensile strength and elongation of Mg-8Li-3Al alloy,however,excessive Al 2 Nd might also become crack source and decrease the elongation.     

Microstructures and Properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr Alloys with Minor Scandium

The microstructures of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr al- loys with minor Sc were studied by using optical microscope（OM）, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and transmission electron microscope（TEM）. The tensile mechanical properties and electric conductivity of the studied alloys under different treatment conditions were tested. The results show that adding minor Sc can greatly fines the grain size of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy ingots and obviously improves the tensile properties and electric conductivity of the alloys. The strengthening mechanism is considered as fine grain strengthening, sub-structure strengthening and dispersion strengthening by Al3 （Sc, Zr）.