基于遗传算法的支持向量机在径流中长期预报中的应用

支持向量机在径流中长期预报的应用中,普遍采用网格搜索法率定其参数,存在耗时较长、参数选取不当而导致预报精度低等问题,针对该问题提出了一种基于遗传算法的支持向量机模型,该模型结合遗传算法收敛速度快的特点对支持向量机参数进行优化选择,实现参数的全局自动化选取。应用乌江流域某电站的径流预报结果显示,相对于基于网格搜索参数寻优的支持向量机模型及神经网络模型,基于遗传算法参数寻优的支持向量机模型预报精度更高,泛化能力更强。更多还原     

基于遗传算法和最小二乘支持向量机预测泰东河日流量研究

向量机在解决小样本、非线性、高维数和局部极小点等问题中有着出色的性能,最小二乘支持向量机在向量机基础上减少了参数个数、降低了计算复杂度、缩短了运算时间。遗传算法对于非线性等复杂系统优化问题容易得到优化解。尝试由遗传算法求解最小二乘支持向量机参数,再将最小二乘支持向量机应用于泰东河日流量预测。实例表明此方法预报精度较高。     

支持向量机在中长期径流预报中的应用

本文探索了支持向量机在中长期径流预报中的应用。在支持向量机建模过程中引入了径向基核函数，简化了非线性问题的求解过程，并应用SCE-UA算法辨识支持向量机的参数。在SCE-UA搜索过程中进行了指数变换，以快速准确的找到最优参数。与人工神经网络模型预报结果比较显示，该模型能提高径流中长期预报的精度。     

基于人工鱼群优化的支持向量机的水文预报系统

在比较各种水文预报方法的基础上,研究利用一种改进的支持向量机算法(SVM)对水文进行预测。阐述支持向量机理论的理论基础和原理,针对缺陷,提出基于人工鱼群优化的支持向量机算法(AFSVM),介绍人工鱼群算法基本理论和AFSVM,建立基于人工鱼群优化的支持向量机的拉萨河水文预报系统模型,并与标准的支持向量机预测模型进行对比。实验结果表明,AFSVM与标准SVM模型的预测精度差不多,AFSVM的训练速度优于标准SVM训练速度。     

基于IQPSO优化SVM在径流预报中的应用

提高径流预报精度的关键因素是选取合适的预报模型和预报因子。选择支持向量机作为径流预报模型,针对支持向量机模型参数在应用中存在选取困难的缺点,在标准量子粒子群算法中加入早熟判定准则、高斯扰动和自适应权重,提出改进量子粒子群算法(IQPSO),并使用该算法实现支持向量机参数的自动优选。为了验证效果,分别采用PSO-SVM、QPSO-SVM和径向基神经网络模型预报作对比,并使用多种评价指标进行对比分析。结果表明,使用改进量子粒子群算法优化支持向量机(IQPSO-SVM)模型能够有效提高月径流预报精度。     

基于支持向量机模型的湘江枯水预报研究

随着枯水期水资源短缺问题日益突出,人们对枯水径流的研究也越来越重视.运用支持向量机模型对湘江湘潭站年最小7 d平均流量进行预测.为了检测预报效果,将其预报结果与投影寻踪模型、人工神经网络模型的预报结果进行比较,表明支持向量机模型的误差合格率最高,预报精度也最高.     

果蝇优化算法在区域高程拟合中的应用

针对最小二乘支持向量机拟合法难以选择最优参数的问题,将果蝇优化算法引入最小二乘支持向量机中,构建区域GPS高程拟合模型的方法,利用果蝇优化算法全局寻优能力强、过程简洁、参数少等优点,解决最小二乘支持向量机的参数寻优问题,并通过最小二乘支持向量机来构建高程拟合模型。结果表明,与BP神经网络拟合方法相比,引入果蝇优化算法的最小二乘支持向量机拟合方法具有更高的稳定性,内符合精度比标准最小二乘支持向量机提高了26%。     

支持向量机在大坝渗流监测中的应用

支持向量机是基于统计学习理论的小样本学习方法,是一种处理高度非线性分类回归等问题的新方法,它能较好地解决小样本非线性高维数,避免了神经网络无法解决的局部极小问题.本文简要介绍了支持向量机的基本原理及其在渗流监测数据处理中的应用,论述了如何利用支持向量机建立大坝渗流统计模型和预报.通过对云龙水库渗流监测连续观测数据的计算和分析,并与RBF神经网络预测结果进行比较,证明支持向量回归机在渗流监测中比RBF神经网络预测精度更高,具有良好的泛化能力.     

基于支持向量机的钱塘江潮时预报方法北大核心

针对在钱塘江潮时预报中经验模型和传统神经网络的可靠性不足的问题,提出一种基于支持向量机的钱塘江涌潮到达时间预报方法。通过历史数据了解并分析钱塘江涌潮的周期性以及各涌潮周期间的相关性,取预报日期前后一个月的数据作为一个预报模型,以预测日期前一个月以及近5年内同一月份的隔日时间差数据作为训练样本,利用支持向量机预测未来涌潮到达时间。最后,通过对钱塘江沿岸多个水文站2015年农历八月初一至八月二十一的隔日时间差实例预测,验证了方法的有效性。     

基于支持向量机的钱塘江潮时预报方法

针对在钱塘江潮时预报中经验模型和传统神经网络的可靠性不足的问题,提出一种基于支持向量机的钱塘江涌潮到达时间预报方法。通过历史数据了解并分析钱塘江涌潮的周期性以及各涌潮周期间的相关性,取预报日期前后一个月的数据作为一个预报模型,以预测日期前一个月以及近5年内同一月份的隔日时间差数据作为训练样本,利用支持向量机预测未来涌潮到达时间。最后,通过对钱塘江沿岸多个水文站2015年农历八月初一至八月二十一的隔日时间差实例预测,验证了方法的有效性。     

Applying Genetic Algorithm and Neural Network to the Conjunctive Use of Surface and Subsurface Water

The conjunctive use of surface and subsurface water is one of the most effective ways to increase water supply reliability with minimal cost and environmental impact. This study presents a novel stepwise optimization model for optimizing the conjunctive use of surface and subsurface water resource management. At each time step, the proposed model decomposes the nonlinear conjunctive use problem into a linear surface water allocation sub-problem and a nonlinear groundwater simulation sub-problem. Instead of using a nonlinear algorithm to solve the entire problem, this decomposition approach integrates a linear algorithm with greater computational efficiency. Specifically, this study proposes a hybrid approach consisting of Genetic Algorithm (GA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Linear Programming (LP) to solve the decomposed two-level problem. The top level uses GA to determine the optimal pumping rates and link the lower level sub-problem, while LP determines the optimal surface water allocation, and ANN performs the groundwater simulation. Because the optimization computation requires many groundwater simulations, the ANN instead of traditional numerical simulation greatly reduces the computational burden. The high computing performance of both LP and ANN significantly increase the computational efficiency of entire model. This study examines four case studies to determine the supply efficiencies under different operation models. Unlike the high interaction between climate conditions and surface water resource, groundwater resources are more stable than the surface water resources for water supply. First, results indicate that adding an groundwater system whose supply productivity is just 8.67 % of the entire water requirement with a surface water supply first (SWSF) policy can significantly decrease the shortage index (SI) from 2.93 to 1.54. Second, the proposed model provides a more efficient conjunctive use policy than the SWSF policy, achieving further decrease from 1.54 to 1.13 or 0.79, depending on the groundwater rule curves. Finally, because of the usage of the hybrid framework, GA, LP, and ANN, the computational efficiency of proposed model is higher than other models with a purebred architecture or traditional groundwater numerical simulations. Therefore, the proposed model can be used to solve complicated large field problems. The proposed model is a valuable tool for conjunctive use operation planning.     

Artificial Neural Network Modeling for Groundwater Level Forecasting in a River Island of Eastern India

Forecasting of groundwater levels is very useful for planning integrated management of groundwater and surface water resources in a basin. In the present study, artificial neural network models have been developed for groundwater level forecasting in a river island of tropical humid region, eastern India. ANN modeling was carried out to predict groundwater levels 1 week ahead at 18 sites over the study area. The inputs to the ANN models consisted of weekly rainfall, pan evaporation, river stage, water level in the drain, pumping rate and groundwater level in the previous week, which led to 40 input nodes and 18 output nodes. Three different ANN training algorithms, viz., gradient descent with momentum and adaptive learning rate backpropagation (GDX) algorithm, Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm and Bayesian regularization (BR) algorithm were employed and their performance was evaluated. As the neural network became very large with 40 input nodes and 18 output nodes, the LM and BR algorithms took too much time to complete a single iteration. Consequently, the study area was divided into three clusters and the performance evaluation of the three ANN training algorithms was done separately for all the clusters. The performance of all the three ANN training algorithms in predicting groundwater levels over the study area was found to be almost equally good. However, the performance of the BR algorithm was found slightly superior to that of the GDX and LM algorithms. The ANN model trained with BR algorithm was further used for predicting groundwater levels 2, 3 and 4 weeks ahead in the tubewells of one cluster using the same inputs. It was found that though the accuracy of predicted groundwater levels generally decreases with an increase in the lead time, the predicted groundwater levels are reasonable for the larger lead times as well.     

基于改进BP算法的地下水动态预测模型

运用学习率自适应动量BP算法建立了吉林西部地下水埋深人工神经网络模拟预测模型。首先利用自回归分析方法确定网络输入输出样本,而后应用“试错法”确定隐含层节点数,最终建立了6∶10∶1的ANN地下水动态模拟预报模型,最后应用VB语言依据改进BP算法编制计算程序进行模拟计算。通过对模型检验可知该模型模拟和预测精度均较高,完全可应用于地下水位动态预报。2002年以后的预报结果表明该地区地下水位持续下降,应及时加以控制。     

Assessment and Prediction of Groundwater using Geospatial and ANN Modeling

In semi-arid regions, the deterioration in groundwater quality and drop in water level upshots the importance of water resource management for drinking and irrigation. Therefore geospatial techniques could be integrated with mathematical models for accurate spatiotemporal mapping of groundwater risk areas at the village level. In the present study, changes in water level, quality patterns, and future trends were analyzed using eight years (2012–2019) groundwater data for 171 villages of the Phagi tehsil, Jaipur district. Kriging interpolation method was used to draw spatial maps for the pre-monsoon season. These datasets were integrated with three different time series forecasting models (Simple Exponential Smoothing, Holt's Trend Method, ARIMA) and Artificial Neural Network models for accurate prediction of groundwater level and quality parameters. Results reveal that the ANN model can describe groundwater level and quality parameters more accurately than the time series forecasting models. The change in groundwater level was observed with more than 4.0 m rise in 81 villages during 2012–2013, whereas ANN predicted results of 2023–2024 predict no rise in water level?>?4.0 m. However, based on predicted results of 2024, the water level will drop by more than 6.0 m in 16 villages of Phagi. Assessment of water quality index reveals unfit groundwater in 74% villages for human consumption in 2024. This time series and projected groundwater level and quality at the micro-level can assist decision-makers in sustainable groundwater management.

     

Simulation of rainfall-underground outflow responses of a karstic watershed in Southwest China with an artificial neural network

Karstic aquifers in Southwest China are largely located in mountainous areas and groundwater level observation data are usually absent. Therefore, numerical groundwater models are inappropriate for simulation of groundwater flow and rainfall-underground outflow responses. In this study, an artificial neural network （ANN） model was developed to simulate underground stream discharge. The ANN model was applied to the Houzhai subterranean drainage in Guizhou Province of Southwest China, which is representative of karstic geomorphology in the humid areas of China. Correlation analysis between daily rainfall and the outflow series was used to determine the model inputs and time lags. The ANN model was trained using an error backpropagation algorithm and validated at three hydrological stations with different karstic features. Study results show that the ANN model performs well in the modeling of highly non-linear karstic aquifers.     

Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Identifying Optimal Groundwater Pumping and Piping Network Layout

The simulation-optimization approach is often used to solve water resource management problem although repeated use of the simulation model enhances the computational load. In this study, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Bagged Decision Trees (BDT) models were developed as an approximator for Analytic Element Method (AEM) based groundwater flow model. Developed ANN and BDT models were coupled with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) model to solve the well-field management problem. The groundwater flow model was developed for the study area and used to generate the dataset for the training and testing of the ANN & BDT models. These coupled ANN-PSO & BDT-PSO models were employed to find the optimal design and cost of the new well-field system by optimizing discharge & co-ordinate of wells along with the cost effective layout of piping network. The Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) based model was used to find out the optimal piping network layout and checking the hydraulic constraints in the piping network. The results show that the ANN & BDT models are good approximators of AEM model and they can reduce the computational burden significantly although ANN model performs better than BDT model. The results show that the coupling of piping network model with simulation-optimization model is very significant for finding the cost effective and realistic design of the new well-field system.     

基于支持向量机(SVM)的祁连山典型小流域日降水-径流模拟研究

及时准确的日径流预测在流域水资源的合理规划、利用及管理中具有十分重要的作用。本文以支持向量机(SVM)模型为基础,以祁连山典型小流域-排露沟流域为研究区域,建立了流域日降水-径流模型,对流域未来1~7 d的日径流量进行了模拟预测。为检验SVM模型的有效性,模拟结果与人工神经网络(ANN)模型预测结果进行了对比。结果表明:SVM和ANN均表现出了很高的精度;但相比于传统的ANN模型,SVM模型的预测精度显著提高。表明SVM模型在半干旱山区小流域径流预测中有更好的适用性,可以用于流域中长期日径流预测,是资料有限的条件下中长期日径流预测的有效工具。     

Optimum Abstraction of Groundwater for Sustaining Groundwater Level and Reducing Irrigation Cost

Adaptation to increasing irrigation cost due to declination of groundwater level is a major challenge in groundwater dependent irrigated region. The objective of this study is to estimate the optimum abstraction of groundwater for irrigation for sustainable management of groundwater resources in Northwest Bangladesh. A data-driven model using a support vector machine (SVM) has been developed to estimate the optimum abstraction of groundwater for irrigation and a multiple-linear regression (MLR)-based model has been developed to estimate the reduction of the irrigation cost due to the elevation of the groundwater level. The application of the SVM model revealed that the groundwater level in the area can be kept within the suction lift of a shallow tube-well by reducing pre-monsoon groundwater-dependent irrigated agriculture by 40%. Adaptive measures, such as reducing the overuse of water for irrigation and rescheduling harvesting, can keep the minimum level of groundwater within the reach of shallow tube-wells by reducing only 10% of groundwater-based irrigated agriculture. The elevation of the groundwater level through those adaptive measures can reduce the irrigation cost by 2.07 × 10³ Bangladesh Taka (BDT) per hectare in Northwest Bangladesh, where the crop production cost is increasing due to the decline of the groundwater level. It is expected that the study would help in policy planning for the sustainable management of groundwater resources in the region.     

干旱内陆区自然-人工条件下地下水位动态的ANN模型

根据我国干旱内陆区自然-人工条件下地下水系统的特点，建立了甘肃省石羊河流域下 游地下水位动态的人工神经网络模型，采用附加动量法和学习速率自适应调整策略对反向传播算法（BP）进行改造，以提高计算速度。该模型以前期地下水位、降雨量、蒸发量、地表来水量、灌溉面积、灌水定额、人口数量作为输入变量，采用缺省因子检验法分析了上述各个因子对地下水位影响的敏感性，模拟了不同灌溉发展面积及地表来水条件下地下水位动态。结果表明：研究区人类活动及地表来水是影响地下水位动态的主要因子，灌溉面积的扩大及地表来水的减少会使地下水位持续下降。模型具有较高的精度，可以较好地定量描述地下水位动态与上述各因子之间的响应关系；研究结果可应用于该地区地下水系统的管理。