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1.
《人民黄河》2016,(6):137-140
针对混凝土平板坝水平位移监测序列呈非线性变化的特点,采用经验模态分解(EMD)方法对混凝土平板坝水平位移监测序列进行分解,并采用计算最大信噪比的方法对信号进行去噪。面板坝的坝顶上下游方向水平位移主要受上下游水位和环境温度的影响,据此建立AFSA-RBF神经网络模型和RBF神经网络模型,对混凝土平板坝上下游方向水平位移进行预测,结果表明:AFSA-RBF模型能够很好地反映混凝土平板坝水平位移变化趋势和规律,预测结果有较高的精度,符合大坝安全监测的要求,可以在混凝土平板坝安全监测和评价中应用。  相似文献   

2.
对混凝土坝来说,影响大坝变形的主要因素有水位、气温、坝体混凝土温度和时效等。本文对石门拱坝7号、9号、11号坝段实测位移资料进行了分析,讨论了坝顶水平位移的变化规律以及水位和气温对坝顶水平位移的影响。  相似文献   

3.
对混凝土坝来说,影响大坝变形的主要因素有水位、气温、坝体混凝土温度和时效等。本文对石门拱坝7号、9号、11号坝段实测位移资料进行了分析,讨论了坝顶水平位移的变化规律以及水位和气温对坝顶水平位移的影响。  相似文献   

4.
混凝土重力坝水平位移的数学模型及其变化规律   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
孙学智  黎军锋 《红水河》2001,20(4):33-36
结合黄坛口重力坝坝顶水平位移原型观测资料,对影响混凝土重力坝坝顶水平位移的主要因素作了分析,建立了水平位移的数学统计模型,为掌握大坝变形规律、评价大坝运行性态提供依据。  相似文献   

5.
以某碾压混凝土坝实测坝体、坝基水平位移为依据,运用有限单元法分别计算坝体和坝基水平位移,建立7~#坝段上下游向水平位移的混合模型,通过混合模型反演坝体和坝基的弹性模量。计算结果表明,实测值和拟合值接近,混合模型精度较高,可为类似工程提供参考。  相似文献   

6.
为验证某混凝土坝蓄水期能否满足安全要求,结合某混凝土坝蓄水期的垂直位移观测资料,运用逐步回归分析法,构建了坝顶垂直位移统计模型,探讨了各分量对垂直位移的影响。结果表明,水准点监测系统状态良好,统计模型精度较高,混凝土坝垂直位移变化规律正常,符合一般混凝土坝变化规律。  相似文献   

7.
混凝土坝的位移确定性模型研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文介绍混凝土坝位移确定性模型建立的基本原理、方法和公式,即用有限元法计算大坝某些观测控制点在外荷载作用下的位移,由此值与实测值进行最小二乘法拟合,求得水压分量和温度分量的调整参数和时效分量,从而建立位移的确定性模型。并以佛子岭连拱坝(以下称佛坝)13号垛的坝顶水平位移为算例,介绍确定性模型建立的全过程。实践证明,确定性模型与实测值的拟合精度较高,后验预报可靠。  相似文献   

8.
通过对某水利枢纽混凝土重力坝监测资料的分析,建立了混凝土坝位移监控模型。对典型坝段水平位移的监控指标进行了拟定,并运用K-S法对坝顶水平位移监测样本进行了检验。得出典型坝段向下游和上游方向水平位移的限定值,为判定大坝所处的状态提供了相关依据。对预防事故、杜绝安全隐患具有至关重要的作用。  相似文献   

9.
飞来峡大坝坝顶水平位移安全监控指标拟定   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
冯甲林  方朝阳 《人民黄河》2012,34(7):130-131,134
根据飞来峡混凝土坝原型监测资料,选取每年最不利工况时坝顶水平位移监测效应量为计算序列,应用大坝典型监测量的小概率法,对大坝典型坝段坝顶水平位移的安全监控指标进行了初步研究,得出了坝顶水平位移的安全监控指标值,并结合2010年的实测值,分析了大坝的运行状况。结果表明,该坝2010年的水位、气温等环境量均未超过2000—2009年最不利工况时的环境量,并且2010年典型坝段坝顶水平位移的实测值均小于安全监控指标。  相似文献   

10.
通过对混凝土拱坝拱冠梁处垂线位移多年监测资料的分析模拟建立坝顶位移统计回归模型。采用逐步回归法,分析水压分量、温度分量、时效分量对坝顶位移的影响量。统计分析回归模型较好地反映了大坝的变形规律与变化趋势,该模型的建立,为今后大坝运行安全性态和预测大坝变形发展规律提供了有效分析手段和途径。  相似文献   

11.
根据冗各电站地下厂房开挖支护的施工顺序,以隐式杆单元模拟锚杆,以壳单元模拟混凝土喷层,采用三维非线性有限元技术,对洞室群的开挖支护动态过程进行了模拟计算。通过三维非线性有限元计算分析得到:洞室群动态开挖过程中围岩应力变形的分布规律,围岩塑性区的发展规律,锚杆受力变化情况。计算结果表明:整个开挖过程中,洞周围岩位移变化规律正常,量值较小,塑性区主要分布在洞室周边,围岩稳定性较好;但在洞室交叉口处围岩的变形较大,出现较大范围的塑性区,在此基础上提出了支护措施优化方案,并对优化方案的效果进行了评价。  相似文献   

12.
Call for Papers     
正As the eldest and most distributed professional journal of water industry,Water Wastewater Engineering(W WE)gained very wide acceptance from the colleagues working in this field in this country since start publication in 1964.Now it is administrated by the Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China and sponsored by the China Civil Engineering Society etc.  相似文献   

13.
The floodplains of lowland rivers contain diverse aquatic habitats that provide valuable ecosystem services but are perturbed when intensively cultivated. Hydrologic, water chemistry and biological (fish) conditions in five aquatic habitats along the Coldwater River, Mississippi, were measured for more than 4 years: the river, two severed meanders that functioned as backwaters, a managed wetland and an ephemeral channel draining cultivated fields. Off‐channel habitats were connected to downstream regions 0.10% to 32% of the dry season and 24% to 67% of the wet season. The median temperatures for the five monitored sites ranged from 18°C to 23°C, the median total solids concentration for all sites was 135 mg L?1, the median total phosphorus was 0.29 mg L?1 and the median total nitrogen was 1.56 mg L?1. Chemical and physical water quality displayed strong seasonal differences between the wet winter/spring and the dry summer/fall periods so that temporal variation consisted of gradual seasonal trends superimposed on strong diurnal variations. All off‐channel habitats exhibited periods of hypoxia and temperatures >30°C during the dry season. Between‐site gradients of water and habitat quality were strongly coupled to water depth and runoff loading. The rehabilitation of one backwater by increasing water depth and diverting agricultural runoff was associated with improved water quality and fish species richness relative to an adjacent untreated backwater. The diversion of polluted runoff and the use of water control structures to maintain greater water depth were observed to be effective management tools, but the former reduces the water supply to habitats that tend to dry up and the latter reduces connectivity. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

14.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) diffusive emissions were measured during two field surveys in Queensland and Tasmania, Australia, using the floating chamber method. Bubbling and degassing emissions in 2010 were estimated in Koombooloomba Dam reservoir using only inverted funnels and gas concentrations, respectively. A total of 14 reservoirs and 16 rivers and lakes were sampled from 2006 to 2010. Spatial variation was substantial within each water body, as well as between them. The main drivers of diffusive emission variation were physiographic region and climate, with a clear demarcation being observed between diffusive emissions from tropical Queensland and temperate Tasmania, and between the humid West Coast Range (Tasmania) and dry Central Plateau (Tasmania). Higher CO2 and CH4 diffusive emissions were observed during the dry season, when long water residence times would promote organic matter degradation. Estimated total gross emissions, including diffusive, bubbling and degassing emissions, for Koombooloomba Dam reservoir were about 1.5 × 106 t CO2eq km2 per year, or 24 × 106 t CO2eq per year. This corresponds to a plant emission factor of 3.18 kg CO2eq MWh?1. Using an estimate of terrestrial emissions derived from literature data for the Tully River catchment area, rough estimated net emissions from the catchment area are about 44 kt CO2eq per year, or 5.83 kg CO2eq MWh?1, which is in the lower range of the studied reservoirs.  相似文献   

15.
The relocation of unionacean mussels is commonly used as a conservation and management tool in large rivers and streams. Relocation has been used to recolonize areas where mussel populations have been eliminated by prior pollution events, to remove mussels from construction zones and to re-establish populations of endangered species. More recently, relocation has been used to protect native freshwater mussels from colonization by the exotic zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. We conducted a literature review of mussel relocations and evaluated their relative success as a conservation and management strategy. We found that 43% of all relocations were conducted because of construction projects that were forced to comply with the Endangered Species Act 1973 and that only 16% were monitored for five or more consecutive years. Most (43%) relocation projects were conducted from July to September, presumably a period when reproductive stress is relatively low for most species and the metabolic rate is sufficient for reburrowing in the substrate. The mortality of relocated mussels was unreported in 27% of projects; reported mortality varied widely among projects and species and was difficult to assess. The mean mortality of relocated mussels was 49% based on an average recovery rate of 43%. There is little guidance on the methods for relocation or for monitoring the subsequent long-term status of relocated mussels. Based on this evaluation, research is needed to develop criteria for selecting a suitable relocation site and to establish appropriate methods and guidelines for conducting relocation projects.  相似文献   

16.
Samples were taken year-round at eleven sites along the altitudinal profile (2900-1400 m a.s.l.) of the Gunnison River, a 329 km tributary of the Colorado River, to document the distribution of the Plecoptera and to evaluate responses to hypolimnial-release dams in the headwaters and middle reaches. Twenty-two species were present, with the greatest species richness occurring in an unregulated segment upstream of the middle reach dams; average nymphal biomass over the study period (175 organisms, 395 mg dry mass m?2) was also greatest in this segment. Only four species (58 organisms, 48 mg m?2) were present in the tailwaters of the headwater dam and values were greatly reduced (nine species; 35 organisms, 180 mg m?2) below the middle reach dams. The stonefly community recovered ca. 80 km downstream from the last dam (15 species; 244 organisms, 250 mg m?2), apparently in response to natural resetting of environmental conditions corresponding to those above the middle reach dams. At the most downstream site (11) only four species (four organisms, 16 mg m?2) were present. The observed distributional pattern is a classic serial discontinuity in response to hypolimnial stream regulation in a temperate latitude river.  相似文献   

17.
为了经济可靠地确定深厚覆盖层的基本特性参数,以大渡河双江口水电站坝基河床砂砾石层基本特性研究为工程背景,进行大尺寸模型试验,研究河床砂砾石层的旁压模量和动探击数随密度、级配以及上覆压力的变化规律。根据室内模型试验结果,结合现场旁压试验及钻孔试验成果,推断出坝址区河床砂砾石相关层位的密度,并依此进行砂砾石室内力学试验,获得设计所需力学参数。研究成果可为深厚覆盖层基本特性测试提供新的方法。  相似文献   

18.
在隧道工程施工中,围岩位移预测起着很重要的作用。将BP神经网络-马尔科夫链模型引入到隧道围岩位移预测中来,通过对训练样本的学习,利用BP神经网络实现了对位移时间序列的滚动预测,同时得到了实测值与预测值的相对误差;在此基础上利用马尔科夫链对相对误差进行修正,有效地提高了预测结果的精度。并将该模型应用于某公路隧道拱顶下沉位移时序预测中,结果表明该模型具有精度高、科学可靠的特点,为隧道围岩变形的预测提供了新的途径。  相似文献   

19.
解析法是库岸边坡地下水浸润线计算中便于实际应用的方法,但该方法须基于若干假定并对潜水运动基本方程线性化后才能求解。针对各假定和线性化过程建立不同的地下水渗流数学模型,用解析法和有限元法解答上述数学模型,分析各误差大小及其规律。结果表明:库岸垂直处理带来的误差要小于方程线性化处理和不考虑非饱和渗流带来的误差,而且它们都随渗透系数变大而减小;在三峡库区库水调度情况下,假定库水位等速变化带来的误差对大多岸坡而言可以忽略;计算库岸边坡地下水浸润线时,解析法只适用于水位变化幅度相比含水层厚度较小,且几何边界规则、岩土结构简单、岩土体渗透性较好时的情况。  相似文献   

20.
In the lower River Murray, Australia, populations of gastropods have declined markedly over the past 40 years. Of the native fauna of about 18 species, only the ancylid Ferrissia petterdi remains common (but in patches), and another five species feature in sporadic local resurgences. Until recently the viviparid Notopala was thought to be extinct. The introduced physid Physa acuta is widespread, but in low numbers. The decline probably is associated with flow regulation, high turbidity and the introduction of common carp. Snail populations have persisted, however, in irrigation pipelines fed from the river, where they periodically cause blockages. This paper reports the discovery of the only known populaion of Notopala hanleyi in a pipeline where the inner wall accumulates microbial and other organic matter, providing high quality food for snails. In the Murray before regulation most of the periphytic biomass was probably microbial, as fluctuating water levels would have maintained littoral communities in a highly productive, early state of succession his postulated that, by stabilizing seasonal water levels, regulation has promoted the production of filamentous green algae, an inferior food source, and so displaced snail populations from the open aquatic environment.  相似文献   

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