邯郸市东污水处理厂再生水回用工程设计与运行

邯郸市东污水处理厂再生水回用工程总设计处理规模为5万m3/d,其中一期工程规模为3万m3/d.该工程以东污水处理厂二级出水为原水,采用"高密度沉淀池+V型滤池"处理工艺.介绍了工程的设计与运行情况,着重介绍了高密度沉淀池的设计参数与构造.运行结果表明,工艺运行情况稳定,出水水质达到设计要求,主要回用于城市杂用水及景观环境用水,部分回用于工业用水.     

光伏企业生产废水处理工程实例

河北某光伏企业生产废水处理工程采用预处理+生化处理+深度处理组合工艺,设计规模为1900 m3/d,其中废水主要包含硅烷废水、制绒废水以及刻蚀废水,出水水质要求达到《循环冷却水用再生水水质标准》(HG/T 3923-2007)和《电池工业污染物排放标准》(GB 30484-2013)标准.自2017年9月正式运行以来,处理效果稳定,出水水质波动范围小,可达标排放.     

Biolak工艺处理城市污水的设计及运行

山东诸城市污水处理厂采用Biolak工艺,一期设计处理能力6.6万m3/d。其进水包含40%生活污水和60%工业废水,设计进水CODCr450mg/L,BOD5200mg/L,SS230mg/L,NH3-N40mg/L,TP5mg/L,设计出水达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8976-1996)一级标准。介绍了工艺流程,主要设计参数以及Biolak工艺的特点。运行结果表明,该工艺占地小,处理效率高,出水水质达到设计要求。     

厌氧滤池-MBR工艺处理小规模乳制品废水

采用厌氧滤池-MBR工艺处理某公司乳制品废水.工程实践表明,该工艺具有稳定的处理效果.自2008年10月投入运行以来,出水水质良好,出水CODCr<50 mg/L,BOD5<30 mg/L,SS<70 mg/L,达到<辽宁省污水与废气排放标准>(DB 21-60-89)一级标准.运行费用为0.45元/m3.     

钢铁生产废水处理与回用设计

介绍了某钢铁企业二期废水处理与回用工程的设计参数和运行情况.运行结果表明,采用MVFR-V型滤池工艺处理效果良好,出水可以达到厂区回用水水质标准和上海市《污水综合排放标准》(DB 31/199-2009)的一级标准,且具有较好的经济效益.     

秦皇岛东港城市污水再生回用水厂的设计与运行

秦皇岛东港城市污水再生回用水厂设计处理能力为 1万m3/d(一期工程 )。该再生水厂以城市污水处理厂二级处理出水为水源 ,经深度处理后出水用于海港煤码头喷洒降尘。设计采用了二级生物陶粒滤池 +纤维球过滤 +氯消毒的处理工艺。简述了该再生水厂各构筑物的设备配置、设计参数及试运行情况。一年多的运行实践表明 ,该工艺出水水质达到了业主所定回用水水质标准 ,而且运行成本低 ,节水经济效益显著。     

马鞍山市第二污水处理厂工程设计与运行

马鞍山市第二污水处理厂设计规模为10万m3/d,污水处理工艺采用Carrousel 2000型氧化沟,污泥处理采用一体式离心浓缩脱水机.自2004年12月投入运行以来,处理效果稳定,出水水质达到<城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准>(GB 18918-2002)一级B标准.通过对各工艺单元及总平面的详细介绍,总结了设计、运行方面的经验.     

天津市杨柳青水厂超滤膜法饮用水处理技术示范工程

天津市杨柳青水厂新建规模为5 000 m3/d,工程采用超滤膜法处理技术,详细介绍了该示范工程的工艺设计特点,并对工程的运行效果和运行成本进行了阐述.工程实践表明出水浊度<0.1 NTU,CODMn<3 mg/L,达到<生活饮用水卫生标准>(GB 5749-2006)要求.     

湖北某兽药公司生产废水处理工程实例

湖北某兽药公司新建废水处理站设计水量为400m~3/d,出水水质需满足当地市政污水管网接管标准。根据生产废水的水质不同,采用分质预处理,提高废水可生化性,减少运行成本,保证出水水质达标。组合工艺流程为预处理+生化处理+深度处理,工程调试运行后,废水处理站运行良好,出水水质均达到当地市政污水管网接管标准。     

Orbal氧化沟在西安市第三污水处理厂中的应用

西安市第三污水处理厂近期规模10万m3/d,其中回用5万m3/d。污水处理厂二级处理采用厌氧—Orbal氧化沟工艺,深度处理采用混凝沉淀—砂滤工艺。介绍了工程的特点、设计思路、设计参数以及调试运行情况。两年的实际运行表明,污水处理厂出水水质良好,能够达到设计要求。     

Call for Papers

正As the eldest and most distributed professional journal of water industry,Water Wastewater Engineering(W WE)gained very wide acceptance from the colleagues working in this field in this country since start publication in 1964.Now it is administrated by the Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China and sponsored by the China Civil Engineering Society etc.     

库水波动下库岸边坡地下水浸润线解析解及误差分析

解析法是库岸边坡地下水浸润线计算中便于实际应用的方法,但该方法须基于若干假定并对潜水运动基本方程线性化后才能求解。针对各假定和线性化过程建立不同的地下水渗流数学模型,用解析法和有限元法解答上述数学模型,分析各误差大小及其规律。结果表明:库岸垂直处理带来的误差要小于方程线性化处理和不考虑非饱和渗流带来的误差,而且它们都随渗透系数变大而减小;在三峡库区库水调度情况下,假定库水位等速变化带来的误差对大多岸坡而言可以忽略;计算库岸边坡地下水浸润线时,解析法只适用于水位变化幅度相比含水层厚度较小,且几何边界规则、岩土结构简单、岩土体渗透性较好时的情况。     

Changes in Summer Irrigated Crop Area and Water Use in Southeastern Turkey from 1993 to 2002: Implications for Current and Future Water Resources

Changes in summer irrigated cropland acreage and related water use are estimated from satellite remote sensing and ancillary data in semi-arid Southeastern Turkey where traditionally dry agricultural lands are being rapidly transformed into irrigated fields with the help of water from the Euphrates-Tigris Rivers. An image classification methodology based on thresholding of Landsat NDVI images from the peak summer period reveals that the total area of summer irrigated crops has increased three-fold (from 35,000 ha to over 100,000) in the Harran Plain between 1993 and 2002. Coupled analysis of annual irrigated crop area from remote sensing and potential evapotranspiration based estimates of irrigation water requirements for cotton indicate a corresponding increase in agricultural water use from about 370 million cubic meters to over one billion cubic meters, a volume in accordance with the state estimates. These estimates have important implications for understanding the rapid changes in current agricultural withdrawals in Southeastern Turkey and form a quantitative basis for exploring the changes in future water demands in the region. For example, expansion of irrigated lands have led to a steady decrease in potential evaporation due to increased roughness and decreased humidity deficit in the Harran Plain. Assuming that the changes in future evaporation conditions will be of similar nature, water use for irrigation is expected to decrease over 40 percent in future irrigation sites. Incorporating this decrease in overall planning of the irrigation projects currently under construction should lead to improved management, and by extension, sustainability of water resources in the region.     

Site modelling methods for detecting hydrologic alteration of flood frequency and flood duration in the floodplain below the carlyle dam,lower Kaskaskia River,Illinois, USA

Reports concerning the influence of dams on river hydrology vary among researchers, interest groups and government agencies. These often contradicting statements may occur because changes in hydrology caused by dams are distinct for each dam and river watershed. The objective of this research was to use site specific techniques to determine if the 1967 installation of the Carlyle Dam, lower Kaskaskia River, Illinois, altered flood frequency and duration within the forested floodplain located below the dam. Results indicated a decrease in flood duration and frequency, and a decrease in annual flood frequency variation at a site 6.4 km below the dam. Pre‐dam versus post‐dam differences in flood frequency and duration at the site 32.2 km below the dam were related to climate rather than dam effects. Although dam impacts are a concern, this research shows that distance downstream from the dam and downstream tributary and watershed characteristics should be considered before assuming that the dam has changed hydrologic parameters for portions of rivers. This research also indicates that areas of the lower Kaskaskia River may still maintain hydrologic ecological integrity, and could be targeted for restoration and adaptive management purposes. Hydrologic modelling combined with river gage and on‐site well measurement techniques presented in this study could provide detailed flood frequency and duration information for land use, sociological and geomorphological questions in focus areas within river floodplains. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅谈优化Vray渲染在制作三维场景的应用研究

用Vray三维渲染引擎来渲染三维场景,其质量和速度是由一些影响因素和参数设置决定的,不同的参数和因素,可以得出不同的三维渲染效果.因此,分析、优化三维渲染质量和速度的影响因素,正确、合理的选择参数对提高Vray最后渲染阶段的质量和速度非常重要.     

固结、渗流和沉积控制方程研究

本文从两相流体动力学的守恒方程出发，考虑固相、液相的相对运动，推导了可以考虑场的不均匀性和流体压缩性的统一形式的控制方程，并对方程所基于的物理概念和相互联系进行了必要的分析。通过对方程适当形式的表达，可导出用于大、小变形固结、渗流和沉积的简化方程，显示了在不同领域的三个理论存在一定的统一性。方程推导过程并未对本构关系加以限制，适用范围较广。依据实际问题的要求，作了不同形式的简化。     

四川省及重庆市中型水电站效益分析

该文分析了四川省及重庆市几座中型水电站的调查材料表明：四川省及重庆市中型水电站不仅在川渝主网和地方电网中起着很大的作用，并具有巨大的社会效益，同时还有综合利用效益，说明修建中型水电站的优越性．     

地下厂房施工过程的三维非线性数值模拟分析

根据冗各电站地下厂房开挖支护的施工顺序,以隐式杆单元模拟锚杆,以壳单元模拟混凝土喷层,采用三维非线性有限元技术,对洞室群的开挖支护动态过程进行了模拟计算。通过三维非线性有限元计算分析得到:洞室群动态开挖过程中围岩应力变形的分布规律,围岩塑性区的发展规律,锚杆受力变化情况。计算结果表明:整个开挖过程中,洞周围岩位移变化规律正常,量值较小,塑性区主要分布在洞室周边,围岩稳定性较好;但在洞室交叉口处围岩的变形较大,出现较大范围的塑性区,在此基础上提出了支护措施优化方案,并对优化方案的效果进行了评价。     

掺MgO混凝土的宏细观试验研究

利用MgO膨胀剂的延迟微膨胀效应能显著提高大体积混凝土的力学性能,产生的预压应力还能有效提高大体积混凝土抵抗温度开裂的能力,但目前对其微观机理研究不多。采用宏观与微观相结合的方式,研究了不同活性指数、不同掺量的MgO混凝土的力学性能,利用SEM/EDS微观分析手段揭示了MgO对混凝土性能影响的作用机理。试验结果表明:MgO取代部分水泥掺入混凝土中,混凝土的力学性能降低;掺量为4%～5%时,活性指数为100s的MgO混凝土的膨胀率大于活性指数为50 s的MgO混凝土;MgO混凝土的膨胀特性与Ca,Si,Mg,Al等元素的分布情况有关,掺入的MgO将改变界面区Ca,Si,Mg元素的富集特性,Ca元素和Mg元素更易于在界面区富集,导致混凝土宏观力学性能的降低。     

Statistical tools for thermal regime characterization at segment river scale: Case study of the Ste‐Marguerite River

Suitable thermal fish habitats are constrained by both maximum and minimum temperature tolerances. A multivariate and geostatistical approach was developed to estimate stream thermal characteristics at the river segment scale. Data from 22 temperature‐monitoring stations during summer 2007 were used to estimate monthly maximum temperature as well as thermal characteristics such as the number of events, the cumulative degree–days and the associated duration over specific temperature thresholds of 19 and 21°C. The probability of exceeding these temperature thresholds has also been interpolated. The methodology relies on the construction of a multivariate space using physiographic and hydrological characteristics of gauging stations as inputs in a canonical correlation analysis (CCA). A geostatistical interpolation technique, ordinary kriging, was subsequently used to perform interpolation in the physiographical space constructed using CCA. Results from this study were obtained for thermal characteristics estimated into two different interpolation spaces: (1) a 7 metrics space, and (2) an 8 metrics space. Cross‐validation technique has been performed and satisfactory results were obtained. Kriging thermal characteristics (magnitude and duration) into the 7 metric space for a 19°C threshold exceedance leads to best results with Relative Root Mean Square Error (RRMSE) ranging between 9.66 and 15.08%. The study shows that kriging in a multivariate space is a promising tool for water resources managers, especially in cases where risk mapping for lethal or sub‐lethal temperature thresholds may be required for a specific fish species. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.