共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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刘宇轩;安欣琪;林炳权;赵晨;高雅弘;齐飞;孙德智 《给水排水》2024,(4):62-69
在平原河网地区丹金溧漕河金坛段选取3个典型合流制溢流排口及管道检查井进行溢流污染监测,分析溢流水质水量变化。以合流制管道沉积物为试验材料进行冲刷模拟试验,探究沉积物冲刷规律。结果表明,累积降雨量≥2 mm就会产生溢流现象;溢流水量变化主要受降雨等级、降雨强度及居民用水量影响,且溢流量峰值较降雨强度峰值滞后;溢流污染物浓度与前期干旱天数、排口性质、降雨等级和降雨强度有直接联系,其变化基本均呈先上升后下降趋势,且无论哪种降雨等级溢流口在产生径流后约20~30 min后污染物浓度会较高。沉积物对溢流污染贡献占比较大,管道冲刷过程中沉积颗粒物呈阶段交替式运动,各污染指标在降雨形成径流一段时间后出现峰值。 相似文献
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韩杰;于磊;蔡辉艺;严玉林;鞠琴;崔朝阳;加吾拉江·左尔丁 《给水排水》2024,(4):76-82
以北京中心城区某典型合流制分区为研究区,开展自“地表-管网-排口”的全过程监测,基于MIKE URBAN软件构建数值模型,构建一套结合监测与模型的溢流污染解析方法,量化分析不同降雨量级下溢流污染来源。结果表明:管道沉积物、地表径流和生活污水对COD的贡献率分别为43.4%~53.9%、27.4%~27.5%和18.6%~29.2%。中雨流量峰值晚于浓度峰值,大雨反之;两场降雨溢流水质浓度峰值差异小于流量峰值。随着降雨量级及强度增加,地表径流和管道沉积物的污染负荷增加,后者增加量更大。管道沉积物是合流制溢流污染的主要来源,应优先对其进行控制。 相似文献
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合流制溢流污染控制系统决策 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
合流制溢流(CSO)污染控制以削减溢流进入受纳水体的污染物总量为目标。由于合流制排水系统的复杂性以及污染物传输、溢流过程的随机性和多变性,CSO污染控制涉及一系列错综复杂的理论与工程实际问题,因而需要进行科学的系统决策,以降低投资、提高效益。首先分析我国城市CSO污染控制存在的主要问题;再从解析合流制及其溢流污染控制系统的组成关系入手,从宏观、系统的角度分析CSO污染的产生与传输过程,构建CSO污染控制系统,并对几个主要子系统进行分析;最后提出CSO污染的系统控制原理,探讨子系统的合理衔接、匹配和控制方案的优化选择问题,为我国城市CSO污染控制提供一个清晰的思路。 相似文献
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龙潭湖位于首都功能核心区,主要由东、中、西三个相互连通的湖组成.其中龙潭西湖承接上游地区雨污合流暗沟(历史上称为龙须沟)排水.近年来,在暗沟排放口之前进行截流改造,确保在旱季和小雨时期,污水不直排入湖.然而,在大雨时,暗沟中的合流污水仍会溢流排入湖中,造成湖水环境恶化.以问题为导向,基于排水系统水力和水质模型,模拟分析... 相似文献
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李俊奇;李小静;王文亮;王二松;蔡然 《给水排水》2024,(4):46-53
合流制溢流即未经处理的雨污废水直接流入受纳水体,是造成受纳水体污染和城市内涝的主要来源。首先,对合流制溢流的污染特征及其影响因素进行了总结,简要梳理了源头控制、处理设施、调蓄设施、雨天合流雨污水处理最新技术及其控制效果,以及合流制溢流控制实时控制、监测和预测的智能控制方法。合流制溢流灰色和绿色基础设施都是必要的,随着监测、降水预报、城市水文和水力模型及实时控制技术的成熟,合流制溢流系统向实时控制和模型优化预测策略发展。 相似文献
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合流制溢流初期冲刷及其控制策略研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对影响合流制溢流(CSO)水质水量变化及初期冲刷的主要因素进行了深入、系统的分析。结果表明,由于受降雨条件、管道系统特征、管道沉积物及截流设施等因素的综合影响,CSO水质水量变化随机且复杂,每个管道系统在不同降雨事件中所表现出的冲刷规律都可能不同;合流制系统汇水面积较大、管网拓扑结构复杂、管道沉积物较多、设置截流设施等特点都在一定程度上削弱了CSO的初期冲刷;在不少情况下,甚至不存在初期冲刷现象。因此,CSO污染控制不能简单基于初期冲刷存在的假设,而应基于对本区域CSO的监测与研究,或通过科学地把握CSO冲刷规律的本质及特点有针对性地制定控制策略。 相似文献
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Wojciech Dabrowski 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2000,5(2):89-92
Nitrogen sources in combined sewers are briefly summarised. Some evidence of biodegradation including the ammonification of sewer sediment has been found from a new interpretation of field experimental data known from the literature. Gravel and sand sediments in combined sewers were found to be potential sources of ammonia, which is discharged through overflows. 相似文献
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根据丹凤县鱼岭水库的实际情况 ,分析了水库泥沙淤积的成因 ,论述了有效的排沙减淤措施。该措施不但技术可行 ,经济效益也十分显著 相似文献
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Kevin J. Collier 《河流研究与利用》2002,18(3):213-226
I sampled five sites above and below a dam in the central North Island of New Zealand on five to six occasions to examine the effects on benthic substrates, periphyton and invertebrate communities of (i) degree of flow regulation and (ii) flushing of sediment stored behind a dam. A series of volcanic eruptions during the course of this study provided the opportunity to investigate the effects of a period of high sediment delivery on this regulated river. The operation of the dam prior to sluicing of stored sediment appeared to have little impact on substrate size distribution or fine suspendable sediment levels. Periphyton biomass was markedly higher below than above the dam when sampling was preceded by a period of stable baseflow, but over all sampling dates biomass and inorganic content of periphyton did not appear to be related to degree of flow regulation. The taxonomic richness, biomass and density of invertebrate communities were lowest directly below, rather than above, the dam on most dates, and the site below the dam differed significantly from some of the downstream sites. However, changes in invertebrate abundance and diversity generally did not follow the expected gradient of flow regulation impacts except for the mayfly Deleatidium. Multiple regression analyses implicated substrate size and the biomass and inorganic content of periphyton as significant predictor variables for invertebrate density, biomass and taxonomic richness on sampling dates not influenced by recent sediment flushes, whereas degree of flow regulation was a significant predictor for densities of the dominant chironomid Cricotopus. The volcanic eruption led to deposition of fine silt that had passed through the dam with the residual flow and coarser sediments released during subsequent dam flushes. Flushing of stored sediment during large floods increased levels of sand and gravel directly below the dam and upstream of a large island in the middle reaches of the river, and also appeared to increase scouring of periphyton and associated invertebrates downstream. Overall, invertebrate communities in the study reach appeared to be structured more by periphyton accrual patterns, changes in substrate composition, the occurrence of large floods and natural longitudinal gradients than degree of flow regulation. These findings suggest that site‐specific and large‐scale factors can obscure generalized reach‐scale patterns expected along regulated rivers. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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河湖底泥的生物修复研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文介绍了底泥中氮、磷等营养元素,重金属及难降解有机物等污染物质的来源、性质及其对环境和人类造成危害及实例;简单介绍了底泥修复的物理化学控制措施,并着重阐述了污染底泥的生物修复方法研究进展、修复机理与应用实例;最后提出了研究展望和思考,旨在为河流湖库底泥及水体环境的治理提供科学依据。 相似文献
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乌斯图河底栏栅式渠首进入引水渠中的泥沙,是采用排沙漏斗进行二次处理的。排沙漏斗不同于其它型式的沉沙池,它具有竖向螺旋水流结构,能连续引水排沙;其排沙流量仅占漏斗设计流量的7%左右,排沙率大于90%,是节水型的排沙设施,这对于干旱缺水的地区有着现实的意义。本设计考虑了上游引水渠和下游冲沙廊道布置对漏斗水流整体的影响。该工程自1992年建成至今,引水排沙效果良好。 相似文献
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Nora N. Nartey Jonathan N. Hogarh Philip Antwi‐Agyei Daniel Nukpezah Robert C. Abaidoo Kwasi Obiri‐Danso 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2019,24(2):173-180
Tropical reservoirs are important for numerous socioeconomic and ecological reasons, including water supply, fishing and flood control. These functions are easily compromised, however, when reservoirs undergo accelerated sedimentation with increased inputs of chemical contaminants. The present study applied the concept of sediment core analysis to evaluate the sedimentation rate in Owabi Reservoir, which has served as a source of drinking water supply in Kumasi, Ghana, for nearly a century. The temporal variation of contamination from heavy metals was also assessed over this period. The sedimentation rate for Owabi Reservoir was estimated to be 6.82 mm/year, suggesting a relatively low rate of sedimentation, which is ecologically healthy in preventing a rapid loss of reservoir water volume. Heavy metal concentrations in the sediment cores taken from the reservoir reflected varying degree of contamination from the 1930s to 2010s. The concentration of iron (Fe) (1,560–1,770 mg/kg) was found to be the highest among the metals in the sediment core, while mercury (Hg) concentration (0.01–0.04 mg/kg) was the lowest. Lead (Pb) contamination peaked in the 1980s. Arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) contamination exhibited more recent peaks in the 2000s, coinciding with recent widespread issues of artisanal and small‐scale gold mining (ASGM) in Ghana. Thus, even though ASGM activities are known to occur in remote districts, releases from such activities might eventually contaminate reservoirs designated as urban drinking water supplies. 相似文献