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1.
基于国家电力公司颁布的《水电厂开展设备状态检修工作的指导意见》 ,介绍了当前中国水电厂开展状态检修工作的发展状况及存在的问题 ,并结合水电厂运行实践 ,重点叙述了水电机组运行设备状态检修实施的主要环节及关键技术  相似文献   

2.
水电机组运行设备状态检修的实施及关键技术(Ⅰ)   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于国家电力公司颁布的《水电厂开展设备状态检修工作的指导意见》,介绍了当前中国水电厂开展状态检修工作的发展状况及存在的问题,并结合水电厂运行实践,重点叙述了水电机组运行设备状态检修实施的主要环节及关键技术。  相似文献   

3.
为提高水电机组的经济效益和市场竞争力,最大限度地延长机组检修周期,降低检修运行成本,必须开展状态检修。文中简要介绍了乌溪江水电厂实施状态检修的原则和总体思路,着重阐述了为实现总体思路所进行的机组状态检修的探索、规划和实施情况,以及目前开展机组状态检修存在的问题,进而阐明了最终乌溪江水电厂所有设备状态检修的目标。  相似文献   

4.
为在市场经济条件下增强水电厂的竞争能力和提高经济效益,开展机组状态检修是有效的措施和必然的趋势。文章简要对白石窑水电厂实施状态检修的总体规划进行了探讨。  相似文献   

5.
水电厂机组的检修,对维持水电机组的正常工作意义重大。通过分析水电机组检修过程中成本管理上存在的问题,从管理体系、控制环节和状态检修等方面探讨了加强电站机组大修(扩修)成本控制的办法,以期找到降低水电机组检修成本的有效途径。  相似文献   

6.
水电厂机组的状态监测   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目前,国内已有越来越多的水电厂实现了计算机监控,机组检修模式也由计算检修向状态检修过程,因此必须对水电机关施状态监测,因为它是实现计算机监控的基础。水电机组的状态监测涉及多种参量和多种方法,这是需要深入探讨的研究的,笔者结合当前国内水电厂的实际,就当今世界先进监测技术和机组参量的监测方法作一介绍,并推荐了一些成熟的监测仪表和元件,供正在开展这项工作的有关水电厂参考借鉴。  相似文献   

7.
0 引言近年来 ,我国水电厂状态检修工作已提上议事日程。 1 998年 1 0月 ,中国电力企业协会组织召开了“水电厂机组检修改革工作会议”,通过了我国应逐步废除计划检修、尽快实行状态检修的倡议 ;2 0 0 0年 1 0月 ,国家电力公司发输电运营部和水规总院联合在北京召开了“水电厂在线监测、状态检修工作研讨会”;2 0 0 1年 4月和 7月 ,全国水电厂自动化技术信息网分别在大连和十三陵蓄能电厂召开了“水电厂状态监测与状态检修学术交流会”及相应的研讨会 ;2 0 0 1年 1 1月 ,国家电力公司颁布发输电发[2 0 0 1 ]1 61号文 (《关于开展水电厂状态…  相似文献   

8.
水电机组的状态监测及状态检修   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
郑杰 《水利科技》2001,(3):61-62,29
该文介绍水电机组在线监测技术以及状态检修系统的组成结构,提出水电厂开展状态检修的工作思路。  相似文献   

9.
大型水电机组推力轴承运行稳定性及故障诊断   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
刘晓亭  刘昱 《水力发电》2002,(11):48-51
在调研的基础上,分析了当前大型水电机组推力轴承运行状况及其故障原因,并结合电网和水电厂的运行实际,按照电力系统实施运行机组状态检修的目的和要求,建立了一个大型水电机组推力轴承运行稳定性状态监测及故障诊断系统,为轴承分析诊断提供了有效、可靠的依据。  相似文献   

10.
黄忠生  罗宏 《红水河》2003,(Z1):115-118
水电厂机组检修是一项经常性的工作,是确保机组安全运行的基础,机组的大小修原来都根据过去的有关规定按时进行,随着监测和诊断技术的不断进步,为水电厂开展状态检修提供了技术支撑,本文对这一问题进行了初步探讨.  相似文献   

11.
Call for Papers     
正As the eldest and most distributed professional journal of water industry,Water Wastewater Engineering(W WE)gained very wide acceptance from the colleagues working in this field in this country since start publication in 1964.Now it is administrated by the Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China and sponsored by the China Civil Engineering Society etc.  相似文献   

12.
The floodplains of lowland rivers contain diverse aquatic habitats that provide valuable ecosystem services but are perturbed when intensively cultivated. Hydrologic, water chemistry and biological (fish) conditions in five aquatic habitats along the Coldwater River, Mississippi, were measured for more than 4 years: the river, two severed meanders that functioned as backwaters, a managed wetland and an ephemeral channel draining cultivated fields. Off‐channel habitats were connected to downstream regions 0.10% to 32% of the dry season and 24% to 67% of the wet season. The median temperatures for the five monitored sites ranged from 18°C to 23°C, the median total solids concentration for all sites was 135 mg L?1, the median total phosphorus was 0.29 mg L?1 and the median total nitrogen was 1.56 mg L?1. Chemical and physical water quality displayed strong seasonal differences between the wet winter/spring and the dry summer/fall periods so that temporal variation consisted of gradual seasonal trends superimposed on strong diurnal variations. All off‐channel habitats exhibited periods of hypoxia and temperatures >30°C during the dry season. Between‐site gradients of water and habitat quality were strongly coupled to water depth and runoff loading. The rehabilitation of one backwater by increasing water depth and diverting agricultural runoff was associated with improved water quality and fish species richness relative to an adjacent untreated backwater. The diversion of polluted runoff and the use of water control structures to maintain greater water depth were observed to be effective management tools, but the former reduces the water supply to habitats that tend to dry up and the latter reduces connectivity. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
根据冗各电站地下厂房开挖支护的施工顺序,以隐式杆单元模拟锚杆,以壳单元模拟混凝土喷层,采用三维非线性有限元技术,对洞室群的开挖支护动态过程进行了模拟计算。通过三维非线性有限元计算分析得到:洞室群动态开挖过程中围岩应力变形的分布规律,围岩塑性区的发展规律,锚杆受力变化情况。计算结果表明:整个开挖过程中,洞周围岩位移变化规律正常,量值较小,塑性区主要分布在洞室周边,围岩稳定性较好;但在洞室交叉口处围岩的变形较大,出现较大范围的塑性区,在此基础上提出了支护措施优化方案,并对优化方案的效果进行了评价。  相似文献   

14.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) diffusive emissions were measured during two field surveys in Queensland and Tasmania, Australia, using the floating chamber method. Bubbling and degassing emissions in 2010 were estimated in Koombooloomba Dam reservoir using only inverted funnels and gas concentrations, respectively. A total of 14 reservoirs and 16 rivers and lakes were sampled from 2006 to 2010. Spatial variation was substantial within each water body, as well as between them. The main drivers of diffusive emission variation were physiographic region and climate, with a clear demarcation being observed between diffusive emissions from tropical Queensland and temperate Tasmania, and between the humid West Coast Range (Tasmania) and dry Central Plateau (Tasmania). Higher CO2 and CH4 diffusive emissions were observed during the dry season, when long water residence times would promote organic matter degradation. Estimated total gross emissions, including diffusive, bubbling and degassing emissions, for Koombooloomba Dam reservoir were about 1.5 × 106 t CO2eq km2 per year, or 24 × 106 t CO2eq per year. This corresponds to a plant emission factor of 3.18 kg CO2eq MWh?1. Using an estimate of terrestrial emissions derived from literature data for the Tully River catchment area, rough estimated net emissions from the catchment area are about 44 kt CO2eq per year, or 5.83 kg CO2eq MWh?1, which is in the lower range of the studied reservoirs.  相似文献   

15.
A system for removal and pneumatic transport of fly ash is examined, in which air pulses act on batches (pistons) of ash formed in a duct. Studies are made of the effect of several physical parameters on the force required to displace a piston of ash and these serve as a basis for choosing a system for removal and pneumatic transport of ash simultaneously from several hoppers of an electric precipitator. This makes it possible to separate the ash particles according to size without introducing additional components. Formulas are given for calculating the structural and dynamic parameters of this system and measurements of indirect dynamic parameters are used to calculate the input-output characteristics of the system. In order to optimize the system, configurations for summing several ducts into a single transport duct for pneumatic ash transport are proposed. Some variants of dry ash utilization and the advantages of producing of size-separated particles are considered. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 2, pp. 26–30 (2008).  相似文献   

16.
The ‘flood pulse advantage’ is the amount by which fish yield per unit mean water area is increased by a natural, predictable flood pulse. Evidence for this increase is presented from tropical and temperate fisheries. It is argued that increasing multispecies fish yield by restoring the natural hydrological regime is consistent with increasing production of other trophic levels and with restoration from ecological and aesthetic viewpoints. When applied to a river-floodplain system, this restoration would provide a large, self-sustaining potential for recreation, commercial exploitation, and flood control. An interim ‘natural flood pulse’ restoration approach is proposed for systems modified for navigation. This approach approximates the natural hydrological regime in a river reach and is intended as a first step in the long process of restoring the watershed.  相似文献   

17.
The relocation of unionacean mussels is commonly used as a conservation and management tool in large rivers and streams. Relocation has been used to recolonize areas where mussel populations have been eliminated by prior pollution events, to remove mussels from construction zones and to re-establish populations of endangered species. More recently, relocation has been used to protect native freshwater mussels from colonization by the exotic zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. We conducted a literature review of mussel relocations and evaluated their relative success as a conservation and management strategy. We found that 43% of all relocations were conducted because of construction projects that were forced to comply with the Endangered Species Act 1973 and that only 16% were monitored for five or more consecutive years. Most (43%) relocation projects were conducted from July to September, presumably a period when reproductive stress is relatively low for most species and the metabolic rate is sufficient for reburrowing in the substrate. The mortality of relocated mussels was unreported in 27% of projects; reported mortality varied widely among projects and species and was difficult to assess. The mean mortality of relocated mussels was 49% based on an average recovery rate of 43%. There is little guidance on the methods for relocation or for monitoring the subsequent long-term status of relocated mussels. Based on this evaluation, research is needed to develop criteria for selecting a suitable relocation site and to establish appropriate methods and guidelines for conducting relocation projects.  相似文献   

18.
Samples were taken year-round at eleven sites along the altitudinal profile (2900-1400 m a.s.l.) of the Gunnison River, a 329 km tributary of the Colorado River, to document the distribution of the Plecoptera and to evaluate responses to hypolimnial-release dams in the headwaters and middle reaches. Twenty-two species were present, with the greatest species richness occurring in an unregulated segment upstream of the middle reach dams; average nymphal biomass over the study period (175 organisms, 395 mg dry mass m?2) was also greatest in this segment. Only four species (58 organisms, 48 mg m?2) were present in the tailwaters of the headwater dam and values were greatly reduced (nine species; 35 organisms, 180 mg m?2) below the middle reach dams. The stonefly community recovered ca. 80 km downstream from the last dam (15 species; 244 organisms, 250 mg m?2), apparently in response to natural resetting of environmental conditions corresponding to those above the middle reach dams. At the most downstream site (11) only four species (four organisms, 16 mg m?2) were present. The observed distributional pattern is a classic serial discontinuity in response to hypolimnial stream regulation in a temperate latitude river.  相似文献   

19.
为了经济可靠地确定深厚覆盖层的基本特性参数,以大渡河双江口水电站坝基河床砂砾石层基本特性研究为工程背景,进行大尺寸模型试验,研究河床砂砾石层的旁压模量和动探击数随密度、级配以及上覆压力的变化规律。根据室内模型试验结果,结合现场旁压试验及钻孔试验成果,推断出坝址区河床砂砾石相关层位的密度,并依此进行砂砾石室内力学试验,获得设计所需力学参数。研究成果可为深厚覆盖层基本特性测试提供新的方法。  相似文献   

20.
岩石动态拉伸断裂特性的实验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用新近发展起来的拉伸式Hopkinson冲击装置(SHTB),对岩石切口圆柱断裂试样进行了动态拉伸断裂特性的实验研究。同时,利用MTS试验机进行了岩石的静态拉伸断裂实验,成功地获得了岩石试样的断裂韧度及断裂能随加载率而变化的实验结果。对静态和动态破坏后的试样断口进行的扫描电镜观察进一步表明,试样断口形貌的复杂程度与其断裂耗能有着十分密切的联系。  相似文献   

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