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1.
住房和城乡建设部最近在污水处理提质增效要求中提出,加强排水管网改造和完善。排水体制有合流制和分流制两种,上海市中心城区有较多的合流制排水系统,20世纪末对合流制溢流污染采取调蓄池控制及合流制排水系统改为分流制系统等内容进行了研究,并在服务范围202hm2的汉阳排水系统开展实践,经过10多年的建设,最终仍然决定采用合流制排水系统。研究结果可为城市中心城区合流制改造提供借鉴。  相似文献   

2.
国内外城镇排水体制的探讨   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
排水系统的建设是改善城镇环境的基本要求,同时也是有效控制水体污染的需要。而排水体制的选择是排水系统规划建设中首要的决策问题,不仅关系到排水管道和污水处理系统巨额资金的投入,还关系到水污染控制的效果。介绍国内外排水体制的现状、分析传统分流制及合流制排水系统的问题及其局限性,并探讨新型排水体制的发展应用,以供我国城镇排水系统规划、建设中参考。  相似文献   

3.
为选择合适的排水体制,对珠江三角洲地区截流式合流制排水体制进行研究,从管网建设、河流污染、污水处理厂进水有机物浓度偏低等方面分析其存在的主要问题.通过从雨水及感潮因素对排水的影响、城区内涝、节约资源及环境保护等方面进行论述,认为在珠江三角洲地区实施分流制的排水体制是必要的,提出了把直排式合流制和截流式合流制改造为分流制的措施.  相似文献   

4.
合流制排水系统造成地表水污染,水体的自净能力衰竭;使污水处理场规模增大、运行管理麻烦,应逐步将其改造成分流制系统。其改造方法应根据本城市具体特点采取分期改造、小区截流等方法。  相似文献   

5.
江俊 《中华建设》2011,(7):74-75
城市排水体制和管道系统是整个水污染控制和水生态环境保护体系中的重要环节。我国对它们的研究还比较薄弱,工程实践中暴露出的许多矛盾和问题难以得到科学解答和技术支持。如我国城市雨水径流的严重污染、雨水资源的大量流失并由此带来的一系列城市环境和生态问题等,与发达国家相比至少有10年以上的差距,构成我国城市有效实施水污染控制和水生态环境保护战略的制约因素。  相似文献   

6.
为搞好新建区域的排水工程建 设,需要对规划、设计、施工等环节给 予充分重视。 一、排水体制的选定 在城区内通常有生活污水、工业 废水和雨水。排水体制的选定首先应 满足环境保护的需要,同时也受制于 相关的现有排水系统状况。排水体制 和执行情况的好坏,直接影响整个排 水系统的环境效益。(一)分流制排水系统 由于将生活污水和工业废水单独 收集处理,对受纳水体污染具有较好 控制作用,水环境保护效果明显,是 较好的排水体制,而且分流制排水系 统的管道中流量、流速较合流制稳 定,不易发生沉积,有利于维护。 但是分流制排水系…  相似文献   

7.
东莞市经济不断发展,同时水环境也不断恶化.东莞市政府决定实施东莞市截污管网三期改造工程.介绍了东莞市排水现状,分析其存在的错接、混接等现实问题.在此基础上确定了排水体制,提出了管网改造的设计方法,包括截流式合流制系统截流井的选择和设置、过河管的设置等.  相似文献   

8.
黄建设 《给水排水》2004,30(1):106-107
提出采用部分合流制排水系统收集建筑小区中水系统的原水。冲便器污水和厨房废水在小区内合用一套排水管道 ,经化粪池处理以后排入市政污水管道 ;建筑物优质杂排水和雨水在小区内合用一套排水管道 ,不增加单独的废水收集系统 ,使造价更经济 ,布管更合理 ,并能满足原水水质 ,增加中水系统的实施可能性  相似文献   

9.
市政工程一直是城市发展的基石,排水规划则为城市规划中重要的组成部分。每个城市基于自身的特点,其排水规划有自身的不同特色,现就近年来新兴中小城市排水规划的一些热点问胚进行探讨。  相似文献   

10.
广州市污水处理工程建设现状与规划分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
牛樱 《给水排水》2006,32(Z1):15-17
为提高广州市城市污水收集率、处理率和污水处理设施利用率,根据污水处理系统建设现状以及存在的主要问题,从污水规划原则、污水量预测、排水体制选择以及污水系统的划分等方面归纳了广州市污水处理系统规划的特点和应注意的主要问题,并提出了河道综合整治规划设计和实施建议.  相似文献   

11.
随着广州市中心城区河道水环境治理力度的加大,合流制溢流污染问题越来越突出,对城市河道水体构成了日益严重的威胁。本文选取广州市中心城区典型合流制排水口进行了18场降雨的径流污染监测,总结了在典型小雨、典型中雨及典型大雨场次下排水口各水质指标随降雨历时的变化规律,同时分析了18场降雨的排水口最高浓度、平均浓度与总降雨量的关系,研究成果可为合流制污染控制工程的设计提供参考。  相似文献   

12.
为减轻城市暴雨造成的洪涝灾害,找出影响既有雨水管段脆弱性的薄弱环节,介绍了城市雨水管网系统脆弱性及雨水管段脆弱性的概念,总结了既有雨水管段脆弱性所涉及的影响因素,综合分析了各功能模块之间的相关程度,并且在此基础上结合复杂网络拓扑模型,提出了一种利用节点的重要度来确定既有雨水管段脆弱性判定的方法。结果表明,该方法能够体现节点之间的重要性差异,使节点脆弱性的判定更加准确,为后续进行城市雨水管网改造、修建提供理论依据,为将来建设海绵城市建设重要分支之一的智慧排水管网系统提供事故管段预警,提高事故抢修和维修服务的效率。  相似文献   

13.
This paper introduces an integrated approach for the assessment of receiving water quality and the relative contribution of the urban drainage system to perceived receiving water quality problems. The approach combines mass balances with relatively simple receiving water impact models. The research project has learned that the urban drainage system is only one of the determining factors with respect to receiving urban water quality problems. The morphology of the receiving waters and the non-sewer sources of pollution, such as waterbirds, dogs, or inflow of external surface water might be equally important. This conclusion underlines the necessity to changes today's emission based approach and adopt an integral and immission based approach. The integrated approach is illustrated on a case study in Arnhem, where the receiving water quality remained unsatisfactory even after retrofitting a combined sewer system into a separated sewer system.  相似文献   

14.
综述了国内外合流制管道溢流污染特征与控制的研究进展,总结了合流制管道溢流废水的污染物来源、水质水量关系和水环境影响特征,分析了影响合流制管道溢流污染特征的影响因素、常用合流制管道溢流污染控制措施,以及旋流分离、沉淀等末端控制技术的研究进展;指出管道沉积物的沉积、冲刷、污染释放监测与管道、截流井和排口净化技术的工艺组合,是控制我国合流制管道溢流污染的关键技术节点。  相似文献   

15.
王韡 《上海水务》2007,23(2):4-7
上海以"治水为中心,治污为核心"的截污治污和河道整治,在水环境治理和保护上确实获得一定的成效,实现了近期规划目标。但排水系统改造在工程实践中也暴露出许多矛盾和问题,严重制约了水污染控制和水生态环境保护效果。围绕成功举办2010年上海世博会而亟待解决的重大水问题,作为上海世博会的建设,城市让生活更美好,迫切需要建设一种可持续性的、生态型的新型城市排水系统  相似文献   

16.
Real-time control (RTC) of urban drainage systems has been proven useful as a means to reduce pollution by combined sewer overflow discharges. So far, RTC has been investigated mainly with a sole focus on water quantity aspects. However, as measurement techniques for pollution of wastewater are advancing, pollution-based RTC might be of increasing interest. For example, turbidity data sets from an extensive measurement programme in two Paris catchments allow a detailed investigation of the benefits of using pollution-based data for RTC. This paper exemplifies this, comparing pollution-based RTC with flow-based RTC. Results suggest that pollution-based RTC indeed has some potential, particularly when measurements of water-quality characteristics are readily available.  相似文献   

17.
In order to investigate the characterization of runoff in storm sewer from various urban catchments, three monitoring systems at different spatial scales have been installed separately. They have been held since July 2010 in urban area of Beijing (China). The monitoring data revealed that chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and NH(3)-N values significantly exceed the Class V surface water quality standard developed by Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China (MEP). A surface solids buildup and wash off model for small watershed was adopted to analyze and discuss the process of a runoff pollutant discharge. More than a half of pollutant parameters presented a good fit to the model. However, a slightly worse-fit to the wash off model appeared in less than half of the data. Due to the influence of sewer sediments, sewer system characteristics, catchment characteristics, and other reasons, first flush was seldom observed in storm sewer runoff from these three survey areas. Meanwhile, the correlation between TSS and any other pollutant was analyzed according to cumulative load of pollutants in runoff events. An event mean concentrations (EMCs) approach was adopted to quantify the pollution of runoff. EMCs of various pollutants in storm sewer runoff between different rainfall events were slightly higher than the typical values observed in similar areas at home and abroad, according to other studies reported in literature. Based on quantitative analysis, it can be concluded that urban non-point source pollution is recognized as the major causes of quality deterioration in the receiving water bodies. This is after the point source pollution has been controlled substantially in Beijing. An integrated strategy, which combines centralized and decentralized control, along with the conditions of meteorology, hydrology, urban planning, existing drainage system, etc., will be an effective and economic approach to urban runoff pollution control.  相似文献   

18.
Radionuclides 7Be and 210Pb were used as tracers to identify suspended solid sources and transport pathways in the storm runoff events from urban catchments. Water samples were collected in runoff of storm events in Wuhan City, China. Suspended solids, COD, TN, TP, and the 7Be and 210Pb activities in the suspended solids were analyzed. Following the pathway of urban runoff pollution, the rain precipitation, urban ground dust, gutter sediments, and sewer deposit samples were analyzed for 7Be and 210Pb activities. The results show that the 7Be/210Pb ratio decreased through the system from a value of 0.86+/-0.44 in ground dust, to 0.63+/-0.18 in suspended solids in storm runoff from the sewer outlet, to 0.55+/-0.31 in gutter sediments, and to 0.41+/-0.13 in combined sewer deposits. The 7Be/210Pb ratio decrease suggests that 60+/-12% of suspended solids at sewer outlet originated from the drainage system sediments, the rest was from the wash-off of urban ground dust during the rainfall events. The 7Be and 210Pb trace approach can give insight into the short-term source and transport of pollutant during storm runoff in urban drainage systems and it can help to develop management strategies.  相似文献   

19.
Information and communication technologies combined with in-situ sensors are increasingly being used in the management of urban drainage systems. The large amount of data collected in these systems can be used to train a data-driven soft sensor, which can supplement the physical sensor. Artificial Neural Networks have long been used for time series forecasting given their ability to recognize patterns in the data. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks are equipped with memory gates to help them learn time dependencies in a data series and have been proven to outperform other type of networks in predicting water levels in urban drainage systems. When used for soft sensing, neural networks typically receive antecedent observations as input, as these are good predictors of the current value. However, the antecedent observations may be missing due to transmission errors or deemed anomalous due to errors that are not easily explained. This study quantifies and compares the predictive accuracy of LSTM networks in scenarios of limited or missing antecedent observations. We applied these scenarios to an 11-month observation series from a combined sewer overflow chamber in Copenhagen, Denmark. We observed that i) LSTM predictions generally displayed large variability across training runs, which may be reduced by improving the selection of hyperparameters (non-trainable parameters); ii) when the most recent observations were known, adding information on the past did not improve the prediction accuracy; iii) when gaps were introduced in the antecedent water depth observations, LSTM networks were capable of compensating for the missing information with the other available input features (time of the day and rainfall intensity); iv) LSTM networks trained without antecedent water depth observations yielded larger prediction errors, but still comparable with other scenarios and captured both dry and wet weather behaviors. Therefore, we concluded that LSTM neural network may be trained to act as soft sensors in urban drainage systems even when observations from the physical sensors are missing.  相似文献   

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