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1.
珠江三角洲地区河网水动力学模型研究   总被引:13,自引:2,他引:11  
对珠江三角洲河网区河道进行了概化,利用一维非恒定流基本方程组,河网节点连结方程及边点方程建立了珠江三角液河网区水动力学模型,将参加计算的方程分成微段,河段,汊点三级,采用逐级处理再联合运算的方法(即所谓的三级联解法),求得河网中各计算断面的水位,流量等值,利用丰,平,枯,三期的实测资料对模型参数进行了率定,率定后的模型计算值和实测值吻合较好。  相似文献   

2.
珠江三角洲地区河网水动力学   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
对珠江三角洲河网区河道进行了概化,利用一维非恒定流基本方程组、河网节点连结方程及边点方程建立了珠江三角洲河网区水动力学模型;将参加计算的方程分成微段、河段、汊点三级,采用逐级处理再联合运算的方法(即所谓的三级联解法)[1],求得河网中各计算断面的水位、流量等值;利用丰、平、枯三期的实测资料对模型参数进行了率定.率定后的模型计算值和实测值吻合较好.  相似文献   

3.
运用矩阵标识法求解节点水位方程,并结合地理信息系统(GIS)技术建立的平原河网非恒定流计算模型,具有节省河网基础资料的前处理和提高计算工作效率的特点.  相似文献   

4.
介绍河网洪水演算的非恒定流方法,阐述道完全圣维南方程组离散格式的建立,且针对河网特点给出相应的求解方法。结合非恒定流数值计算模型研制过程中的体会,对所建模型在实际应用时可能遇到的问题作了初步分析。  相似文献   

5.
一维河网非恒定流及悬沙数学模型的节点控制方法   总被引:19,自引:1,他引:18  
本文的一维河网非恒定流及悬沙数学模型,是根据以一维圣维南方程组,悬沙非平衡输运方程及水位、含沙量节点控制法而建立。首先,利用单一河流有限差分方程组转换形式和节点处质量、能量守恒性,写出所有节点的水位控制方程组。求解此不规则稀疏矩阵方程组得到得有节点的水位,再由单一河流非恒定流的求解方法可获得所有单一河流的断面水位和流量。基于水注的节点水位控制法,本文提出了节点悬沙控制法。假设节点处冲刷或淤积较小,所有节点的含沙量控制方程组可通过输沙量守恒方程用矩阵形式写出。求解此不规则稀疏矩阵方程组,得到所有节点处的含沙量。所有单一河流断面处的含沙量通过单一河流悬沙输运的求解方法获得。本文介绍的模型适用于各种河网类型。作为检验,该模型成功地应用于珠江三角洲流域河网水流及悬沙的数值计算。  相似文献   

6.
一维河网非恒定流数值计算是水利和航运部门一项重要的工作,在河道工程设计、防洪工程规划等方面均有重要的实际应用价值。目前提出的方程解法有基于双向扫描法的河网水模拟方法、稳定方程组稀疏矩阵解法以及河网模型三级联合解法等,在上述各种方法中三级联合解法最为流行和成熟。将此计算方法用于城市河网的数值计算,对城市的防洪建设以及闸、堰的调度具有积极的指导作用。  相似文献   

7.
本文从特征线理论出发,将计算非恒定流常用的差分格式统一起来,根据实际问题所需的不同精度要求,可单独使用某一格式或联合使用其中的两种模式。该方法理论严密,程度设计紧凑,通用性强,收敛速度快。可用于水库,河道及河网地区的洪水演算,水电站尾水渠及抽水蓄能电站上、下库水位-流量过程计算,还可用于通航船闸,灌区配水等非恒定流条件下水力参数的计算。  相似文献   

8.
针对平原河网水系复杂的特点,通过建立河网模型,采用圣维南非恒定流偏微分方程组进行水文水力分析计算,推求河道洪峰流量和水面线,为防洪工程建设提供理论依据。  相似文献   

9.
平原河网水动力模型及求解方法探讨   总被引:16,自引:3,他引:13  
参考国内外有关资料 ,根据河网非恒定流水动力模型的控制方程组和汊点衔接条件 ,建立平原河网水动力节点 河道模型。介绍用特征线法 ,有限体积法和有限差分法中的直接解法、分级解法、汊点分组解法、矩阵标识法、非线性方法等求解的基本思路。对比单元划分模型、混合模型以及人工神经网络模型等平原河网水动力模型 ,分析各个模型的优缺点 ,结果表明 ,节点 河道模型原则上可以求解任何水网的水力参数 ,单元划分模型仅适用于河道流速时空变化不大的情况 ,人工神经网络模型的验证比较困难。指出改进和设计计算方法、应用向量运算和并行算法、数值模拟可视化、数值计算模型软件化是河网数值模拟的主要发展方向  相似文献   

10.
以余姚市陶家路江二期整治工程为背景,采用漫垸网河准二维与网河一维混合模型非恒定流计算程序,建立适合整个甬江流域平原的一维河网非恒定流数学模型,求出流域内不同工况下各特征断面的水位及流量变化过程。在规划方案基础上,对河道面宽分别采用80m、100m和120m进行河道规模比较,为工程的规模拟定提供定量的科学依据。  相似文献   

11.
复杂输水系统中恒定流的数学模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
朱承军  杨建东 《水利学报》1998,29(12):0061-0066
本文提出了一种用于恒定流分析的通用数学模型,该模型把任意复杂的输水系统划分为一些简单的单元,对每个单元建立形式相同的单元方程,将单元方程合成,引入边界条件,就可得到系统的总体方程,然后用节点分组解法求解.该模型具有通用性强、计算速度快、计算精度高等优点,实例分析表明,本文的计算方法是正确的、可行的.  相似文献   

12.
岩体裂隙网络非线性渗流分析   总被引:11,自引:3,他引:8  
裂隙中水流为紊流状态时,流量与水力坡度呈非线性关系,不再满足线性的立方定律,以岩体裂隙网络中结点的水量平衡来建立岩体裂缝网络非线性渗流控制方程式,提出矩阵求解方法和迭代运算步骤,并给出应用算例与验证。算例结果表明,不能采用岩体裂隙网络线性渗流规律来代替岩体裂隙网络非线性渗流规律。  相似文献   

13.
A coupled one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) channel network mathematical model is proposed for flow calculations at nodes in a channel network system in this article.For the 1-D model, the finite difference method is used to discretize the Saint-Venant equations in all channels of a looped network.The Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) method is adopted for the 2-D model at the nodes.In the coupled model, the 1-D model provides a good approximation with small computational effort, while the 2-D model is applied for complex topography to achieve a high accuracy.An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method is used for the data exchange and the connectivity between the 1-D and 2-D models.The coupled model is applied to the Jingjiang-Dongting Lake region, to simulate the tremendous looped channel network system, and the results are compared with field data.The good agreement shows that the coupled hydraulic model is more effective than the conventional 1-D model.  相似文献   

14.
供水管网中节点流量随机性的影响分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
供水管网中节点流量是一个随机变量。首先利用网络矩阵的理论求出了节点压力和管段流量对节点流量的偏导数矩阵。基于正态分布研究了由于节点流量的随机性所导致的节点压力和管段流量的随机性问题,利用概率论的理论求出了节点压力和管段流量的概率密度分布、均值、方差及置信区间。最后以实例说明了节点流量的随机性对管段流量和节点压力的影响。结果表明,节点流量的随机性变化对管网中的节点压力和管段流量有显著影响。  相似文献   

15.
Complex water movement and insufficient observation stations are the unfavorable factors in improving the accuracy of flow calculation of river networks. A water level updating model for river networks was set up based on a three-step method at key nodes, and model correction values were collected from gauge stations. To improve the accuracy of water level and discharge forecasts for the entire network, the discrete coefficients of the Saint-Venant equations for river sections were regarded as the media carrying the correction values from observation locations to other cross-sections of the river network system. To examine the applicability, the updating model was applied to flow calculation of an ideal river network and the Chengtong section of the Yangtze River. Comparison of the forecast results with the observed data demonstrates that this updating model can improve the forecast accuracy in both ideal and real river networks.  相似文献   

16.
To analyze water distribution networks under pressure-deficient conditions, most of the available hydraulic simulators, including EPANET 2, must be either modified by embedding pressure-dependent demands in the governing network equations or run repeatedly with successive adjustments made to specific parameters until a sufficient hydraulic consistency is obtained. This paper presents and discusses a simple technique that implements the square root relationship between the nodal demand and the nodal pressure using EPANET 2 tools and allows a water distribution network with pressure-dependent demands to be solved in a single run of the unmodified snapshot hydraulic analysis engine of EPANET 2. In this technique, artificial strings made up of a flow control valve, a pipe with a check valve, and a reservoir are connected to the demand nodes before running the engine, and the pressure-dependent demands are determined as the flows in the strings. The resistance of the artificial pipes is chosen such that the demands are satisfied in full at a desired nodal pressure. The proposed technique shows reasonable convergence as evidenced by its testing on example networks.  相似文献   

17.
There are three methods for analysing the flow and pressure distribution in looped water supply networks (the loop method, the node method, the pipe method), accounting for the chosen unknown hydraulic parameters. For all of these methods, the nonlinear system of equations can be solved using iterative procedures (Hardy–Cross, Newton–Raphson, linear theory). In the cases of the extension or the rehabilitation of distribution networks, the unknown parameters are the hydraulic heads at nodes, and the nodal method for network analysis is preferred. In this paper, a generalised classic model is developed for the nodal analysis of complex looped systems with non-standard network components and the solvability of new problems, along with the determination of the pressure state in the system. In addition, this paper exhibits a different approach to this problem by using the variational formulation method for the development of a new analysis model based on unconditioned optimisation techniques. This model has the advantage of using a specialised optimisation algorithm, which directly minimises an objective multivariable function without constraints, implemented in a computer program. The two proposed models are compared with the classic Hardy–Cross method, and the results indicated a good performance of these models. Finally, a study is performed regarding the implications of the long-term operation of the pipe network on energy consumption using these models. The new models can serve as guidelines to supplement existing procedures of network analysis.  相似文献   

18.

The water distribution network needs to be rehabilitated when the network is unable to perform the desired function. In this study, a methodology is developed to identify the critical pipes in the water distribution network for its rehabilitation by using four network reliability metrics: supply shortage, pressure decline, energy loss per unit length, and the hydraulic uniformity index. These metrics consider different aspects of reliability of the water distribution network using pressure-dependent analysis to calculate the overall criticality of the pipes. In contrast to the conventional reliability index, the present study uses both the normal and abnormal conditions at nodes (fire demand) and pipe (pipe failure) and thus, provides more balance reliability metrics for the network. The literature shows that the node and pipe level metrics have been used separately, whereas in this study both the node and pipe level metrics are combined to develop the present methodology. The methodology is applied to four different water distribution networks, including one typical realistic water distribution network, the data for which is adopted from literature. The results show that the methodology can identify the critical pipes successfully to prioritize the water distribution network rehabilitation and found to be simple in implementation for practicing professionals. The results further show that the critical pipes are found to be located from the source on the paths that do not have a loop or around the nodes of higher demand. The study might also be useful for the extension plan of a water distribution network along with strengthening the deficient nodes/ pipes of the network.

  相似文献   

19.
通用一维河网不恒定流软件的研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
李致家 《水利学报》1998,29(8):0014-0019
本文讨论了通用一维河网不稳定流数值计算软件的数学物理基础:(1)扩展的圣维南方程组及其有限差分方程的牛顿迭代方程组;(2)特殊结点的特殊方程及迭代方程;(3)边界条件和初始条件;(4)系统方程的装配和特殊的高斯消元法.最后用一个例子来与其它的软件进行比较。  相似文献   

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