流域水工程联合调度平台

正成果概况流域水工程联合调度平台由长江设计集团有限公司全力打造。该平台以支撑数字孪生长江建设、实现控制性水工程防灾智能联合调度为核心目标,建立了面向防灾调度全过程的决策计算分析应用功能体系,并创新研发了水利业务数字孪生建模平台、水工程联合调度辅助决策系统等产品,以"数字化场景、智慧化模拟、精准化决策"为导向,全面支撑流域防洪预报、预警、预演、预案要求。     

基于数字孪生的陈蔡水库管控一体数字化平台建设研究

围绕陈蔡水库在水旱灾害防御、水资源调配以及工程运行管理方面的需求，建设基于数字孪生的管控一体数字化平台。平台以时空数据为底座、数学模型为核心、水利知识为驱动，构建水库自然要素与管理业务之间的响应关系，实现数字化场景、智慧化模拟、精准化决策，以及水库和流域的有效耦合。     

长江科学院领导带队拜访湖南澧水流域水利水电开发有限责任公司就流域数字孪生试点建设事宜进行交流

正2021年9月6日,长江科学院院长卢金友、党委书记吴志广带队拜访湖南澧水流域水利水电开发有限责任公司(简称"澧水公司"),就澧水部分流域数字孪生试点建设相关事项进行交流。澧水公司董事长文柏海、总经理王志宏接待了卢金友一行,双方进行了座谈。项目组汇报了澧水流域数字孪生试点建设实施方案。澧水流域数字孪生试点建设将建立物理流域与数字流域之间全要素关联与响应关系,形成包含数字化场景、精准化模拟、智慧化决策的数字孪生流域,实现预报、预警、预演、预案"四预"功能,为澧水流域防洪、水资源调度及其他管理业务提供技术支撑。     

水资源管理“四预”总体框架设计与应用思路

围绕水资源管理“预报、预警、预演、预案”业务需求，以“动态评判、精准模拟、场景推演、智慧决策”为路径，提出“四预”的功能需求和内部逻辑关系，提出水资源管理“四预”系统整体构架设计。以水资源动态评价和动态调配功能为主线，分析从动态评价预报、动态分级调配、方案智慧生成的“四预”核心工具支撑研发需求，融合物联网、大数据、数字孪生、人工智能等新一代信息技术，建立融合区域水量分配、年度计划制定、月度方案生成、实时调度支撑、产品自动生成的业务功能体系，构建水资源数字化治理新模式，为水资源管理“四预”的技术研发、业务应用提供借鉴和参考。     

数字水库的思考与实践

数字水库作为原型水库的虚拟对照体，是指综合运用3S技术、宽带多媒体网络技术及虚拟仿真技术，对水工程设施、功能机制进行动态监测管理及辅助决策的技术体系。具体而言，是在水库规划、建设、管理及生产活动中，利用数字信息处理技术和网络通信技术，构建数字化数据库平台和虚拟环境，并以系统软件和数学模型对各种水事活动进行模拟、分析、研究及管理，把水活动的自然演变通过计算机系统进行数字化重现，从而提供决策支持，增强决策的科学性和预见性，提高工作效率及水事管理的科技含量，最终实现以水务信息化带动水务现代化。本首先介绍了数字水库的关键技术，其次阐述了数字水库的体系结构及其功能模块，最后提出了基于Web GIS的数字水库的解决方案。     

数字孪生闸泵工程规划设计

闸泵工程作为流域的控制性工程，对流域的防洪调度、水资源管理与调配具有重要作用。本文按照《十四五智慧水利建设规划》，结合《数字孪生工程建设技术导则》要求，针对性从数据底板、模型平台、知识平台、基础支撑平台及智能业务应用等模块进行规划，以实现闸泵站各类信息及时汇聚处理、工程三维可视、模型优化计算、业务智能应用为目标，为闸泵站的信息化、数字化、智慧化建设发展提供支撑保障，对闸泵工程健康状态进行评价，对工程调度运行进行优化管理，并对闸泵类水利工程数字孪生建设提供样例。     

国内数字流域研究与问题浅析

数字流域是现代水利信息化的重要组成部分,是"数字地球"在流域尺度上的应用。为更好地为流域管理服务,本文从数字流域的基本框架出发,综合分析了国内数字流域基础信息平台、模型模拟平台、应用决策平台的研究状况以及存在的问题。通过对不同流域数字化建设的研究和讨论,旨在为当前流域水利信息化建设提供参考。     

太子河流域环境流量保障管理系统平台构建及示范应用

本文依托辽宁省水资源管理系统,集成以环境流量计算与评估预警模型为核心,基于数据库技术、GIS技术和三维可视化技术的太子河流域环境流量管理系统,形成具有流域水环境系统仿真情景展示、模型驱动、信息查询、成果科学可视化与动态演示、流域环境流量保障决策支持等功能的流域水资源管理业务化平台。该平台可为管理部门提供决策依据。     

海河流域水资源调配决策支持系统简介

面对海河流域水资源调配的严峻形势,为全面调度和优化配置海河流域水资源,以多目标水资源规划配置模型为基础,建立海河流域水资源调配决策支持系统,辅助流域水资源规划和水资源调配决策。分别从系统体系结构、数据流程、核心模型及系统开发方面,介绍海河流域水资源调配决策支持系统。本系统作为海河流域水资源配置的统一平台,服务于流域实现最严格水资源管理制度、加强"三条红线"管理,并为实现水资源优化配置和科学管理提供技术支持。     

泾河流域DEM流域信息提取

数字高程模型(DEM)代替等高线地形图实现了区域地形表面的数字化表达,其应用十分广泛。水文分析是地学分析的一个重要部分,近年来DEM在水文分析中的应用已经成为研究的热点。本文的研究选区位于泾河流域,采用中国北方1:25万地形图数据为基础生成DEM数据,进行流域信息的提取,得出结论:可以根据汇流累积单元数的阈值来生成不同密度的河网,在利用DEM进行流域信息提取时,要根据研究区情况和研究的目的,选择合适的方式生成DEM数据,以求试验结果达到最佳,更好地为不同单位部门的水资源调度决策研究提供支持。     

流域水资源脆弱性评价与适应性治理研究框架

针对流域水资源脆弱性与适应性问题,提出了脆弱性分析与适应性治理研究框架,包括水资源脆弱性的影响因素分析,面向治理决策的水资源脆弱性评价指标体系构建,基于粗集-BP神经网络模型进行水资源脆弱性评价。分析了流域水资源脆弱性的原因和产生机理,针对不同脆弱性机理拟定了适应性治理组合方案。最后运用奈特不确定性REU模型通过概率分布函数和效用函数的二次期望求解,对拟定的备选治理方案进行了决策选择。所提出的研究框架为流域水资源脆弱性评价与适应性治理研究奠定了基础。     

Integrated river basin planning and management: a case study of the Zayandehrud River basin,Iran

This study applies the concept of integrated water resources management (IWRM) to a river basin in Iran, and in so doing, proposes a framework for implementing IWRM principles. Issues such as stakeholder participation, sustainability in several subdomains, scenario analysis, dispute resolution, climate change and well-designed models have been considered. Through a river basin simulation model (RIBASIM) and sustainability criteria, stakeholders made decisions for improving the level of sustainability in the basin. The result of decision making for the future was tested under climate change impacts, and the outputs showed serious challenges, so a strategy is proposed for overcoming these impact effects.     

Basin Scale Water Resources Systems Modeling Under Cascading Uncertainties

Global change in climate and consequent large impacts on regional hydrologic systems have, in recent years, motivated significant research efforts in water resources modeling under climate change. In an integrated future hydrologic scenario, it is likely that water availability and demands will change significantly due to modifications in hydro-climatic variables such as rainfall, reservoir inflows, temperature, net radiation, wind speed and humidity. An integrated regional water resources management model should capture the likely impacts of climate change on water demands and water availability along with uncertainties associated with climate change impacts and with management goals and objectives under non-stationary conditions. Uncertainties in an integrated regional water resources management model, accumulating from various stages of decision making include climate model and scenario uncertainty in the hydro-climatic impact assessment, uncertainty due to conflicting interests of the water users and uncertainty due to inherent variability of the reservoir inflows. This paper presents an integrated regional water resources management modeling approach considering uncertainties at various stages of decision making by an integration of a hydro-climatic variable projection model, a water demand quantification model, a water quantity management model and a water quality control model. Modeling tools of canonical correlation analysis, stochastic dynamic programming and fuzzy optimization are used in an integrated framework, in the approach presented here. The proposed modeling approach is demonstrated with the case study of the Bhadra Reservoir system in Karnataka, India.     

水环境实时调控决策支持系统的开发与应用

以建立水环境实时调控决策支持系统为目标,集成综合数据监测体系、数据库、流域入河污染物负荷模型、河流水环境模型、水环境承载能力与污染负荷动态调控模型、GIS平台等众多模块,提出了系统组成的总体框架,分析了多种数学模型间的集成链接方法、GIS显示体系与数学模型间的交互方法、水环境状态实时模拟与基于调控措施的方案模拟等系统集成的关键环节,提出了水环境实时调控与数字化管理功能在复杂大系统中的实现思路与方法,为复杂水环境调控系统的开发与集成提供了简单实用的集成模式。系统在北运河水系水环境管理中的应用结果表明:该系统方法实现了北运河的实时调控模拟,提高了区域水环境管理的智能化水平。研究成果对水环境实时调控与决策系统的建立及精细化管理具有重要的参考价值。     

基于ASP.NET与Web GIS的城市水资源管理决策支持系统开发及应用

开发基于Web框架的水资源管理决策支持系统是实现水利现代化建设的一个重要措施。采用ASP.NET作为开发语言，以MapXtreme为Web GIS平台，开发了B／S模式的城市水资源管理决策支持系统。该系统提供对各类水资源信息进行整理、统计、分析评价、预测和预警等功能。系统在Intranet环境下运行，界面友好，操作方便，具有很强的灵活性和可移植性。     

A SDSS-based Ecological-economic Modelling Approach for Integrated River Basin Management on Different Scale Levels – The Project FLUMAGIS

Spatial and planning support for the implementation of the European water framework directive (WFD) requires interdisciplinary approaches for assessment, deficit analysis, and scenario investigation. To support the implementation of the WFD, the paper presents the innovative spatial decision support system (SDSS) approach from the FLUMAGIS project which is based on the integration of methods for ecological and socio-economic assessment, scale-specific modelling, knowledge processing and techniques for visualization. The project has developed an interactive tool for the assessment and (three-dimensional) visualization of the hydrological and ecological conditions in river basins and economic aspects of river basin management measures. The tool is designed to increase awareness of catchment scale hydrological and ecological issues. The paper presents the structure of the FLUMAGIS prototype and provides examples of scale-specific recommendations for management measures to improve water quality and hydrologic conditions in the Upper Ems river basin (Northwest Germany).     

数字流域研究综述

本文对数字流域的框架研究、基础平台建设、数字流域模型及相关技术、数字流域应用系统建设四个方面的研究进展进行了综述。数字流域的整体框架可分为三层：数据层、模型层和应用层。其中数据层的建设在我国已经初具规模；模型层中对分布式模型的研究较多，基于数字高程模型提取河网的技术已经比较成熟，在国内外许多小流域都建立了分布式水文模型；应用层由于缺乏全流域整体模型的支撑，目前的研究主要是提供数据服务以及一些专题的决策支持服务。综合前人的研究发现当前紧要任务就是在大范围、全流域上建立起具有应用价值的数字流域模型。     

Regional Water Use Structure Optimization Under Multiple Uncertainties Based on Water Resources Vulnerability Analysis

In this paper, a modeling framework by combining system dynamic (SD) model and optimal allocation model was developed to study water resources vulnerability and optimal water use structure, and the framework was applied in the middle reaches of Heihe River basin, northwest of China. The SD model could describe the dynamical change of water resources vulnerability by integrating water resources with socio-economic effect. The sensitivity analysis of SD model was then conducted to design appropriate scenarios for finding out the optimal development pattern, and based on which, an integrated water-saving scenario with lower water resources vulnerability was identified for optimization modeling. Then, an inexact fuzzy-parameter two-stage programming (IFTSP) model was developed and applied to optimize water use structure among industries under uncertainties. This study addresses the water resources vulnerability analysis in considering both water resources system and socio-economic system. Water resources vulnerability analysis was combined with optimization model to make adaptive water resources management plans. And the optimal allocation schemes under lower water resources vulnerability are more advantageous for regional sustainable development.     

流域综合治理一体化管控平台系统解决方案

为系统解决流域水环境问题,践行“流域统筹、系统治理”的理念,以某市流域综合治理项目为例,阐述流域综合治理一体化管控平台系统解决方案。该平台通过建设水质、污水管网等监测监控感知体系,并整合流域水环境、水务及市政相关管理信息资源,实现流域水质、管网等相关信息的实时处理与呈现,再经大数据分析,为流域提供实时水质预报、预警,并实现以目标为导向的智能化运维管理,为流域水环境长治久清提供信息化决策支持。该平台作为流域综合治理工程的重要非工程措施,其设计成果已通过专家评审,正在推进实施。     

Water Resources Modelling under Data Scarcity: Coupling MIKE BASIN and ASM Groundwater Model

The Water Framework Directive calls for strategic water resources planning at a catchment level, yet data and information are scarce in the areas where they are most needed: in the new EU Member States and Third Counties trying to assess the impact of EU environmental legislation in their water resources management policy. The research presented here proposes the coupling of a strategic scale water resources management simulation model (MIKE-Basin) and a finite difference groundwater model (ASM), as a tool to support decision making in data scarce environments. The models were applied in a particularly data scarce region, the Vrbas River basin, in Republic Srpska (RS) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and the results are presented and discussed. It is argued that the approach adopted is valid and useful as an initial knowledge development and optioneering step, which can guide a national data collection exercise to support detailed modelling, and inform a strategic decision making process relevant to the application of the water framework directive.