A Three-Dimensional Desingularized High Order Panel Method Based on Nurbs

A desingularized high order panel method based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline （NURBS） was developed to deal with three-dimensional potential flow problems. A NURBS surface was used to precisely represent the body geometry. Velocity potential on the body surface was described by the B-spline after the source density distribution on the body surface had been solved. The collocation approach was employed to satisfy the Neurnann boundary condition and Gaussian quadrature points were chosen as both the collocation points and the source points. The singularity was removed by a combined method, so the process of the numerical computation was non-singular. In order to verify the method proposed, the unbounded flow problems of sphere and ellipsoid, the wave-making problem of a submerged ellipsoid were chosen as computational examples. It is shown that the numerical results are in good agreement with analytical solutions and other numerical results in all cases, and sufficient accuracy of numerical solution can be reached with a small number of panels.     

Time domain simulations of radiation and diffraction by a Rankine panel method

The radiation and the diffraction of a ship with a forward speed are studied by using a time domain Rankine panel method. The free surface conditions are linearized onto an undisturbed free surface based on the double body flow. The linearized body boundary condition is applied on the mean wetted hull surface. The fluid domain boundary is discretized by a collection of quadric panels. The unknown quantities, including the free surface elevation, the normal flux over the free surface and the potential on the fluid domain boundary, are determined at each time step. The numerical results are compared with experimental data and other numerical solutions, showing satisfactory agreements.     

船舶兴波问题面元法计算中自由面离散的稳定性分析

本文通过多变量的连续及离散Fourier分析，研究了船舶兴波问题中面元法计算的稳定性，对于计及流体域外奇点分布的自由面面元离散方式建立了满足稳定性要求的准则，给出了以网格弗氏数F△及网格纵横尺度比α为参数的稳定性限界线。     

WAVE MAKING COMPUTATION IN TIME DOMAIN FOR MULTI-HULL SHIPS

1. INTRODUCTION For high-speed displacement ships, the wave making at the free surface is an important hydro- dynamic performance. The wave making reduction has attracted more attention for ship designers. The ship wave resistance and ship hull form improvement have been widely investigated. The thin ship theory adopting the Havelock source distribution on the ship centerline plane can be used to analyze the ship wave making profile and the ship wave resistance may be obtained by ship wav…     

NUMERICAL RESEARCH ON UNSTEADY SHIP WAVE-MAKING PROBLEMS IN TIME-DOMAIN

A time-domain Kelvin source high-order panel method based on NURBS is developed and applied to solve the unsteady wave-making problems. Numerical results of instant wave resistance and free surface elevation are presented and compared with the availaby results by other authors, for submerged spheroid and sphere beneath the free surface and for surface ship of Wigley models moving with unsteady speed，The agreement is satisfying.     

加筋土挡墙-抗滑桩组合支挡结构数值模拟

针对软弱土层上方高填方路堤的填筑问题,提出了一种加筋土挡墙-抗滑桩组合支挡结构。采用有限差分软件FLAC3D建立加筋土挡墙-抗滑桩组合支挡结构数值分析模型,着重分析了不同面板浇筑方式对加筋土挡墙墙面水平位移、墙背土压力、桩身水平位移、桩身弯矩和土工格栅应力分布的影响。模拟结果表明:后浇式刚性面板组合支挡结构的墙面水平位移呈线性分布,最大位移出现在墙顶;所受土压力远小于刚性面板;桩身水平位移和弯矩均较大。刚性面板组合支挡结构的土工格栅最大拉应力出现在面板与格栅连接处,而后浇式刚性面板组合支挡结构土工格栅最大拉应力随着层高的增加,出现位置距离挡墙越远。后浇式刚性面板组合支挡结构由于其面板位移和受力较小,性能良好,故其适合在软弱土高填方地区推广使用。     

核电厂重水池内自由液面之全非线性运动模拟

本论文利用除奇点方法建立一个数值分析模型。用来模拟核电厂重水池受地震影响，进行受迫运动时，其自由液面的运动情形。文中将模拟地震进行方式分为升降，横荡等运动模型。设定初始值包含振幅，频率，重水池宽度及流体深度等。并将模拟之结果做讨论，计算结果之比较显示使用本法可正确地模拟受到地震时，核能发电厂的重水池自由液面的运动情形，比较计算结果显示，使用除奇点技巧所建立之数值模型相对于有限元素法（FEM）能以较少的计算时间及更简单的程式架构。模拟出相同或更好的结果。     

NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF WAVE-INDUCED SHIP MOTIONS IN TIME DOMAIN BY A RANKINE PANEL METHOD

A time domain prediction of wave-induced ship motions by a Rankine panel method is investigated. Linear boundary conditions on free surface and mean wetted body surface are adopted, while the numerical damping method is used for the radiation conditions. The motions of two ships in regular head waves are computed by the present method. The related numerical results are compared with the experiment data and those from linear strip theory. The comparison shows satisfactory agreements for pitch and heave transfer functions.     

船舶兴波问题面元法的误差分析

本文利用Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ分析导出了船舶兴波问题面元法计算中的数值耗散及数值色散误差表达式。该公式不仅可用于从量级上分析船波问题计算的有关误差及其耦合影响，原则上亦可用于其它具有自由表面的稳态流动问题面元法计算的误差分析。     

Numerical prediction of effective wake field for a submarine based on a hybrid approach and an RBF interpolation

A hybrid approach coupled with a surface panel method for the propeller and a Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) model for the hull with the propeller body forces are presented for predicting the self-propulsion performance and the effective wake field of underwater vehicles. To achieve a high accuracy and simplicity, a radial basis function(RBF) based approach is proposed for mapping the force field from the blade surface panels to the RANS model. The effective wake field is evaluated in two ways, i.e., by extrapolation from the flat planes upstream of the propeller disk, and by direct computation in a curved surface upstream of and parallel to the blade leading edges. The hull-propeller system of a real propeller geometry is further simulated with the sliding mesh model to numerically verify the hybrid approach. Numerical simulations are conducted for the fully appended SUBOFF submarine model. The high accuracy of the RBF-based interpolation scheme is confirmed, and the effective wake fraction predicted by the hybrid approach is found consistent with that obtained by the sliding mesh model. The effective wake fractions predicted by the two methods are, respectively, 4.6% and 3% larger than the nominal one.     

CALCULATION OF NONLINEAR FREE－SURFACE FLOWS RESULTING FROM LARGE￣AMPLITUDE FORCED OSCILLATION OF A TWO－DIMENSIONAL BODY

ＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＯＮ　ＯＦ　ＮＯＮＬＩＮＥＡＲ　ＦＲＥＥ－ＳＵＲＦＡＣＥ　ＦＬＯＷＳ　ＲＥＳＵＬＴＩＮＧ　ＦＲＯＭ　ＬＡＲＧＥ￣ＡＭＰＬＩＴＵＤＥ　ＦＯＲＣＥＤ　ＯＳＣＩＬＬＡＴＩＯＮ　ＯＦ　Ａ　ＴＷＯ－ＤＩＭＥＮＳＩＯＮＡＬ　ＢＯＤＹＣＡＬＣＵＬ...     

Improved conservative level set method for free surface flow simulation

By coupling the standard and the conservative level set methods, an improved conservative level set method is proposed to capture the free surface smoothly with excellent mass conservation properties. The improvement lies in the fact that the surface normal is computed from a signed distance function instead of the Heaviside function. Comparing with the conservative level set method, the inevitable numerical discretization errors to point the surface normal in arbitrary directions could be eliminated, and the instability of the numerical solution could be improved efficiently. The advantage is clear in the straightforward combination of the standard level set and the conservative level set and a little effort is taken in coding compared with other coupled methods. The present method is validated with several well-known benchmark problems, including the 2-D Zalesak＇s disk rotating, the 3-D sphere stretching in deformation vortex and the dam break flow simulation. The results are shown to be in good agreement with the published experimental data and numerical results.     

桩柱式围网单元网片在水流作用下的水动力特性研究

桩柱式围网养殖是新兴发展的一种生态型海洋养殖模式,主体由排桩和网片组成。围网网衣系统安全是决定围网工程安全的关键所在。该文基于集中质量点法和网目群化技术,通过计算机模拟研究了桩柱式围网单元网片在水流作用下的水动力特性,分析了水流流速和流向要素对围网单元网片的网线张力分布、节点偏移和系缚点受力特性的影响。研究结果表明,网线最大张力和节点最大偏移随流速和冲角的增大而增大;网线最大张力发生处,主要位于网片上下端的两侧位置,但当冲角较小时,网线最大张力出现在网片上下端的迎流一侧。节点最大偏移发生处,主要位于网片上下端的中间部位,且不随流速变化。桩柱系缚点受力上下两端大、中间小,流速和冲角对上下两端系缚点的受力影响较大,对中间系缚点的影响较小。上述研究结果指出了围网网片及桩柱系缚点的潜在危险位置,在进行围网设计时,需给予重点关注。该文研究结果可为新型浅海围网工程设计与安装提供重要参考。     

三维有自由表面问题的数值模拟研究

本文采用求解三维弱可压流动模型及带浮力修正的Ｋ－ε两方程湍流模型的方法，用有限差分法数值求解，研究了有密度差的污染物在复杂流场中的对流扩散规律。文中给出一种简单而有效的处理自由面边界的方法，并详细地给出一个三维弱可压的流体动力学计算方法，数值计算表明本文的方法能较好地给出自由面的变化规律、流场的非定常过程及预测了污染物的对流扩散规律。     

基于 LDV 测量速度场计算三维机翼表面压力分布

本文基于线路积分原理，用ＬＤＶ测量三维机翼周围的速度场，然后把它们作为已知量代入到雷诺方程，欧拉方程和贝努利方中去解压力。     

NU RBS 曲线在隧道断面拟合中的应用研究

隧道变形是隧道安全检测的重点之一,同时也是评估隧道安全状态的重要内容。随着激光技术的发展,激光扫描技术近年来逐步应用于隧道断面检测。目前已有的隧道断面拟合方法较为单一,针对这一情况,提出将精确曲线拟合方法应用于隧道断面拟合成。NURBS曲线可以精确表示二次圆弧的特点,利用这一特点,提出了将NURBS曲线拟合应用于圆弧型隧道断面拟合,并通过计算拟合曲线上的点到标准轮廓曲线的最短距离对拟合效果进行评价。通过使用隧道设计标准断面数据进行数值仿真验证,结果表明NURBS曲线可以良好实现隧道断面的拟合,NURBS方法拟合曲线更加贴近隧道断面的真实状态。     

稳定流条件下土壤溶质运移两区模型的准解析解及数值模拟

将弥散度概化为运移距离的指数函数，给出了稳定流条件下，非均质土壤中考虑水动力弥散尺度效应及不动水体存在时，一维溶质运移的两区模型。在初始浓度为零，半无限一维空间内定通量边界条件下，推导出了可动区和不动区溶质相对浓度的准解析表达式。用特征有限元法建立了相应的数值模型，从数值解和准解析解的计算数据可以看出：数值计算所产生的误差很小，能满足实际工作对计算精度的要求。     

基于SPH法的正弦形消力池底板水跃现象数值模拟

利用光滑质点水动力学法(SPH方法)对正弦形消力池底板上的水跃现象进行数值建模,共模拟2种波形5种工况。将SPH方法的模拟值与已有文献的试验值作对比,验证数值模型及数值方法研究此类问题的可行性和适用性,并分析水面线、流速分布、跃长、共轭水深、消能率等水跃特性的变化规律。结果表明:SPH方法模拟结果与试验结果吻合度较高;水跃段流速分布不均匀、自由表面波动较大,且流层间存在相对运动从而形成旋滚,同等条件下随着弗劳德数的递增,掺气量和自由表面破碎现象越来越剧烈,旋滚的影响范围逐渐变大;正弦形底板消能率较光滑底板提高10%左右且所有工况消能率均在47%以上。     

高速冲头有界入水初始阶段的数值模拟

冲头以高速撞入比它最大外径稍微大一点的盛水容器，在特殊工程中由撞水阻力起到制动作用。本文采用实用的方法处理自由面条件及狭缝两侧的物面条件计算了高速冲头有界入水初始阶段的运动过程。分别对不同质量、不同初始速度、以及不同外形的冲头入水过程进行了计算，得到了冲头阻力系数、以及速度和加速度的变化规律，分析了各因素对高速冲头有界入水效果的影响。数值模拟结果表明：这样处理边界条件对解决高速冲头有界入水问题是有效的     

三维地下水流随机分析的配点法

本文提出了三维地下水不确定分析的随机配点法，比较了张量积配点法（Tensor Product Collocation Method, TPCM），Smolyak配点法 (Smolyak Collocation Method, SmCM)，Stroud-2配点法 (Stroud-2 Collocation Method, StCM)，以及概率配点法 (Probability Collocation Method, PCM)等四种配点法的基本原理；渗透系数场和水头场分别被表示为Karhunen-Loeve展开和多项式展开的形式；初始随机偏微分方程被转化为在相应配点上的确定性方程；建立了基于Modflow-2000的随机模型；讨论了不同算法的计算精度及计算成本。分析结果表明，配点法可充分继承现有模拟软件或代码的求解功能，配点的选取方法决定了其计算成本，SmCM具有最高的计算精度，但StCM具有最好的性价比。